Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations: AQA GCSE Chemistry questions

Every AQA GCSE Chemistry exam question on 4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations, 2018–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

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1,744 questions

Q03.5
June 2025 · Paper 1 Higher
2 marks4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations
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Q09.2
June 2025 · Paper 1 Higher
5 marks4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations 4.3.2 Use of amount of substance in relation to masses of pure substances
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Q01.4
June 2025 · Paper 1 Foundation
2 marks4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations
Mark scheme (PDF)
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Q10.5
June 2025 · Paper 1 Foundation
2 marks4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations
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Q02.7
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
2 marks4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes 4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations
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Q08.1
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
2 marks4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations 4.6.1 Rate of reaction
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Q09.7
June 2025 · Paper 2 Foundation
2 marks4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes 4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations
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Q04.5
June 2024 · Paper 1 Higher
3 marks4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations
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Q07.3
June 2024 · Paper 1 Higher
1 mark4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations 4.3.2 Use of amount of substance in relation to masses of pure substances
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Q07.5
June 2024 · Paper 1 Higher
3 marks4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations
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Q03.2
June 2024 · Paper 1 Foundation
3 marks4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations
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Q06.3
June 2024 · Paper 1 Foundation
2 marks4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations
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Q06.4
June 2024 · Paper 1 Foundation
2 marks4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations
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Q04.6
June 2024 · Paper 2 Foundation
1 mark4.7.3 Synthetic and naturally occurring polymers 4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations
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Q02.5
June 2023 · Paper 1 Higher
2 marks4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations 4.5.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions
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Q10.2
June 2023 · Paper 1 Higher
6 marks4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations 4.3.2 Use of amount of substance in relation to masses of pure substances
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Q08.3
June 2023 · Paper 1 Foundation
2 marks4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations
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Q10.5
June 2023 · Paper 1 Foundation
2 marks4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations 4.5.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions
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Q05.1
June 2023 · Paper 2 Higher
2 marks4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes 4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations
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Q05.2
June 2023 · Paper 2 Higher
3 marks4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations 4.10.1 Using the Earth's resources and obtaining potable water
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All 64 questions on Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations, as a list

June 2025, Paper 1 Higher, Q03.5 (2 marks): The equation for the reaction is: WO3 + 3 H2 ⟶ W + 3 H2O The law of conservation of mass states: ‘The mass of the products equals the mass of the reactants duri
June 2025, Paper 1 Higher, Q09.2 (5 marks): A student used 6.35 g of iodine in the reaction. 6.29 g of zinc iodide was produced. The equation for the reaction is: Zn + I2 ⟶ ZnI2 Calculate the percentage y
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.4 (2 marks): Aluminium reacts with fluorine to produce aluminium fluoride. Balance the equation for this reaction. [2 marks] Al + F2 ⟶ 2 AlF3
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.5 (2 marks): The equation for the reaction is: WO3 + 3 H2 ⟶ W + 3 H2O The law of conservation of mass states: ‘The mass of the products equals the mass of the reactants duri
June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q02.7 (2 marks): Petroleum gases also contain a hydrocarbon with the formula C3H8 Balance the equation for the complete combustion of C3H8 [2 marks] C3H8 + 5 O2 ⟶ CO2 + H2O
June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.1 (2 marks): Explain why the conical flask and contents lost mass. [2 marks]
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q09.7 (2 marks): Petroleum gases also contain a hydrocarbon with the formula C3H8 Balance the equation for the complete combustion of C3H8 [2 marks] C3H8 + 5 O2 ⟶ CO2 + H2O
June 2024, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.5 (3 marks): Calculate the mean highest temperature reached. Include the uncertainty in your answer. [3 marks] Mean highest temperature reached = ± °C
June 2024, Paper 1 Higher, Q07.3 (1 mark): When iron reacts with chlorine, 0.12 mol of iron reacts with 0.18 mol of chlorine (Cl2). Which is the correct equation for the reaction? [1 mark] Tick () one b
June 2024, Paper 1 Higher, Q07.5 (3 marks): Calculate the percentage (%) by mass of iron in Fe3O4 Relative atomic masses (Ar): O = 16 Fe = 56 [3 marks] Percentage by mass of iron = %
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.2 (3 marks): Calculate the percentage (%) by mass of copper in copper sulfate (CuSO4). Give your answer to 3 significant figures. Relative atomic mass (Ar): Cu = 63.5 Relati
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q06.3 (2 marks): Balance the equation for the reaction. Choose numbers from the box. [2 marks] 2 3 4 5 2 Al2O3 → Al + O2
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q06.4 (2 marks): Calculate the relative formula mass (Mr) of aluminium oxide (Al2O3). Relative atomic masses (Ar): O = 16 Al = 27 [2 marks] Relative formula mass (Mr) =
June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q04.6 (1 mark): What is the approximate relative formula mass (Mr) of the DNA molecule in standard form? [1 mark] Tick () one box. 1.4 × 109 1.4 × 1010 1.4 × 1011 1.4 × 1012
June 2023, Paper 1 Higher, Q02.5 (2 marks): The student recorded the mean lowest temperature of the solution for 8.0 g of ammonium nitrate as 16.5 ± 0.3 ºC. Explain why the student included ± 0.3 ºC after
June 2023, Paper 1 Higher, Q10.2 (6 marks): Titanium is extracted from titanium dioxide in a two-stage process. The equation for the first stage in the process is: TiO2 + 2 Cl2 + 2 C → TiCl4 + 2 CO Calcul
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q08.3 (2 marks): Calculate the relative formula mass (Mr) of Fe2O3 Relative atomic masses (Ar): O = 16 Fe = 56 [2 marks] Mr =
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.5 (2 marks): The student recorded the mean lowest temperature of the solution for 8.0 g of ammonium nitrate as 16.5 ± 0.3 ºC. Explain why the student included ± 0.3 ºC after
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q05.1 (2 marks): CuFeS2 reacts with oxygen to produce copper(II) sulfate and iron(II) sulfate. Complete the equation for this reaction. You should balance the equation. [2 marks
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q05.2 (3 marks): Calculate the percentage by mass of copper in CuFeS2 Relative atomic masses (Ar): S = 32 Fe = 56 Cu = 63.5 [3 marks] Percentage by mass = %
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q07.2 (2 marks): Explain why the mass of the conical flask and contents decreased. [2 marks]
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.5 (2 marks): An amino acid can be represented as: The relative formula mass (Mr) of this amino acid is 75 Calculate the relative formula mass of the section of this amino ac
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q09.1 (3 marks): Calculate the maximum mass of water that can be produced from 11.7 g of hydrated copper sulfate. [3 marks] Mass = g
June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q04.5 (2 marks): Calculate the total mass of water vapour produced by heating the calcium hydroxide. Use Table 4. [2 marks] Mass = g The word equation for the reaction is: calci
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q06.7 (2 marks): Calculate the relative formula mass (Mr) of carbonic acid (H2CO3). Relative atomic masses (Ar): H = 1 C = 12 O = 16 [2 marks] Relative formula mass (Mr) =
June 2022, Paper 2 Higher, Q02.2 (2 marks): Explain why the mass of the test tube and contents decreased. [2 marks]
June 2022, Paper 2 Higher, Q04.3 (2 marks): Petrol contains a hydrocarbon with the formula C9H20 Complete the equation for the complete combustion of C9H20 You should balance the equation. [2 marks] C9H20
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q06.1 (1 mark): Balance the equation for this reaction. [1 mark] Na2S2O3 + 2 HCl → ____ NaCl + H2O + SO2 + S
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q09.2 (2 marks): Explain why the mass of the test tube and contents decreased. [2 marks]
November 2021, Paper 1 Higher, Q03.1 (2 marks): The sum of the relative formula masses (Mr) of the reactants (3 H2 + RO3) is 150 Calculate the relative atomic mass (Ar) of R. Relative atomic masses (Ar): H =
November 2021, Paper 1 Higher, Q03.3 (3 marks): Carbon is used to extract tin (Sn) from tin oxide (SnO2). The equation for the reaction is: SnO2 + C → Sn + CO2 Calculate the percentage atom economy for extrac
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q04.3 (1 mark): The range of measurements either side of the mean shows the uncertainty in the mean temperature increase. Complete the sentence. Use Table 4. [1 mark] The mean
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.1 (2 marks): The sum of the relative formula masses (Mr) of the reactants (3 H2 + RO3) is 150 Calculate the relative atomic mass (Ar) of R. Relative atomic masses (Ar): H =
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.3 (3 marks): Carbon is used to extract tin (Sn) from tin oxide (SnO2). The equation for the reaction is: SnO2 + C → Sn + CO2 Calculate the percentage atom economy for extrac
November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q06.4 (3 marks): Calculate the percentage by mass of chlorine in a molecule of C6H10Cl2 Relative atomic masses (Ar): H = 1 C = 12 Cl = 35.5 [3 marks] Percentage by mass = %
November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q10.7 (2 marks): When butanol is burned in a car engine, complete combustion takes place. Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of butanol. You do not need to in
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q07.5 (1 mark): Ethanol burns in oxygen. Balance the equation for the reaction. [1 mark] C2H5OH + ___ O2 → 3 H2O + 2 CO2
November 2020, Paper 1 Higher, Q03.1 (2 marks): A student investigated the law of conservation of mass. This is the method used. 1. Pour silver nitrate solution into a beaker labelled A. 2. Pour sodium iodide
November 2020, Paper 1 Higher, Q06.2 (4 marks): A mixture contains 1.00 kg of aluminium and 3.00 kg of iron oxide. The equation for the reaction is: 2 Al + Fe2O3 → 2 Fe + Al2O3 Show that aluminium is the limi
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.5 (2 marks): The word equation for the reaction is: iron + chlorine → iron chloride Iron chloride is a solid. The teacher weighed the glass tube and contents: • before the r
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.8 (2 marks): Calculate the relative formula mass (Mr) of FeBr3 Relative atomic masses (Ar): Fe = 56 Br = 80 [2 marks] Relative formula mass (Mr) =
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.1 (2 marks): A student investigated the law of conservation of mass. This is the method used. 1. Pour silver nitrate solution into a beaker labelled A. 2. Pour sodium iodide
November 2020, Paper 2 Higher, Q07.3 (3 marks): A student adds a solution of ethanoic acid to zinc carbonate in an open flask on a balance. Explain what happens to the mass of the flask and its contents durin
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q02.4 (1 mark): Carbon monoxide is produced by the incomplete combustion of methane. Balance the equation for the reaction. [1 mark] 2 CH4 + 3 O2 → ____ CO + 4 H2O
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.2 (1 mark): Why does the mass of the conical flask and contents decrease during the reaction? [1 mark] Tick () one box. A gas escapes. A new solution is made. The dilute h
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.3 (1 mark): What is the range of the four results in Table 2? [1 mark] From g to g
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.4 (2 marks): Calculate the mean decrease in mass of the conical flask and contents. Do not include the anomalous result. Use Table 2. [2 marks] Mean decrease in mass = g A t
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.5 (1 mark): What type of variable is the mass of calcium carbonate? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Control Dependent Independent Use Figure 8 to answer Questions 05.6 and 05.7
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.6 (1 mark): Complete the sentence. [1 mark] As the mass of calcium carbonate used increases, the decrease in mass of the conical flask and contents .
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.7 (1 mark): What is the decrease in mass of the conical flask and contents when a 3 g sample of calcium carbonate is used? [1 mark] Decrease in mass = g
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q06.3 (2 marks): The formula of aluminium oxide is Al2O3 Calculate the relative formula mass (Mr) of aluminium oxide. Relative atomic masses (Ar): O = 16 Al = 27 [2 marks] Relat
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.5 (1 mark): What is the relative formula mass (Mr) of titanium dioxide, TiO2 ? Relative atomic masses (Ar): O = 16 Ti = 48 [1 mark] Tick one box. 64 80 128 768
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.2 (1 mark): Why do the contents of the test tube lose mass in the investigation? [1 mark]
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.3 (1 mark): Calculate the mean mass X in Table 4. [1 mark] X = g
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.4 (1 mark): One of the results in Table 4 is anomalous. Which result is anomalous? [1 mark] Mass of copper carbonate g Trial
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.5 (2 marks): Suggest how the investigation could be improved to make sure the reaction is complete. [2 marks]
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.6 (1 mark): Draw a line of best fit on Figure 8. [1 mark]
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.7 (1 mark): Determine the mass of magnesium oxide produced by 8.4 g of magnesium carbonate. Use Figure 8. [1 mark] Mass = g
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.8 (2 marks): Calculate the mass of magnesium oxide produced when 168 g of magnesium carbonate is heated. Use your answer to Question 05.7 [2 marks] Mass of magnesium oxide p
June 2018, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.1 (2 marks): Explain why the contents of the conical flask lose mass. [2 marks]
Specimen, Paper 1 Higher, Q03.4 (2 marks): Figure 1 0 3 Figure 1 shows the outer electrons in an atom of the Group 1 element potassium and in an atom of the Group 6 element sulfur. 3 . 4 Calculate the re
Specimen, Paper 1 Foundation, Q06.2 (1 mark): Why did the balance reading decrease during the reaction? [1 mark] Tick one box. The copper carbonate broke down. A salt was produced in the reaction. A gas was
Specimen, Paper 1 Foundation, Q09.4 (2 marks): Calculate the relative formula mass (Mr) of aluminium sulfate Al2(SO4)3 Relative atomic masses (Ar): oxygen = 16; aluminium = 27; sulfur = 32 [2 marks] Relative
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q09.4 (2 marks): The equation for the reaction is: 2HCl(aq) + CaCO3(s) → CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) Explain why there is a loss in mass in this investigation. [2 marks] 6

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