A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes: AQA GCSE Chemistry questions

Every AQA GCSE Chemistry exam question on 4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes, 2018–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

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Q01.3
June 2025 · Paper 1 Higher
1 mark4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes
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Q01.6
June 2025 · Paper 1 Higher
2 marks4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes
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Q01.7
June 2025 · Paper 1 Higher
1 mark4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes
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Q04.6
June 2025 · Paper 1 Higher
3 marks4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes 4.1.2 The periodic table
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Q05.1
June 2025 · Paper 1 Higher
2 marks4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes
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Q05.2
June 2025 · Paper 1 Higher
2 marks4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes
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Q05.3
June 2025 · Paper 1 Higher
1 mark4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes
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Q05.4
June 2025 · Paper 1 Higher
1 mark4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes
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Q09.1
June 2025 · Paper 1 Higher
6 marks4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes 4.4.2 Reactions of acids
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Q01.1
June 2025 · Paper 1 Foundation
1 mark4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes
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Q01.2
June 2025 · Paper 1 Foundation
3 marks4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes
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Q01.3
June 2025 · Paper 1 Foundation
1 mark4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes
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Q05.2
June 2025 · Paper 1 Foundation
1 mark4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes 4.2.1 Chemical bonds, ionic, covalent and metallic
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Q07.1
June 2025 · Paper 1 Foundation
2 marks4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes
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Q07.2
June 2025 · Paper 1 Foundation
6 marks4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes 4.4.2 Reactions of acids
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Q08.3
June 2025 · Paper 1 Foundation
1 mark4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes
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Q08.6
June 2025 · Paper 1 Foundation
2 marks4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes
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Q08.7
June 2025 · Paper 1 Foundation
1 mark4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes
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Q02.1
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
1 mark4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes 4.7.1 Carbon compounds as fuels and feedstock
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Q02.7
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
2 marks4.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes 4.3.1 Chemical measurements, conservation of mass and the quantitative interpretation of chemical equations
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All 197 questions on A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes, as a list

June 2025, Paper 1 Higher, Q01.3 (1 mark): A sodium atom can be represented as Na 11 23 Complete Figure 1 to show the electronic structure of a sodium atom. [1 mark] Figure 1
June 2025, Paper 1 Higher, Q01.6 (2 marks): What is meant by ‘isotopes’? Answer in terms of subatomic particles. [2 marks]
June 2025, Paper 1 Higher, Q01.7 (1 mark): Table 1 shows the mass numbers and percentage abundances of the isotopes of X. Table 1 Mass number Percentage abundance (%) 113 4 115 96 Which is the closest es
June 2025, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.6 (3 marks): A more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive halogen from a solution of its salt. Write a balanced equation for the reaction between bromine and potassi
June 2025, Paper 1 Higher, Q05.1 (2 marks): The discovery of the electron led to the plum pudding model of the atom. Describe the plum pudding model of the atom. [2 marks]
June 2025, Paper 1 Higher, Q05.2 (2 marks): The model of the atom changed again after the alpha particle scattering experiment. Give two conclusions that were made from the alpha particle scattering exper
June 2025, Paper 1 Higher, Q05.3 (1 mark): Niels Bohr made another change to the model of the atom. What was this change? [1 mark]
June 2025, Paper 1 Higher, Q05.4 (1 mark): A helium atom has a radius of 1.4 × 10–10 m. The nucleus of this atom has a radius of 1.7 × 10–15 m. How many times larger is the radius of the atom than the ra
June 2025, Paper 1 Higher, Q09.1 (6 marks): Plan a method to obtain crystals of zinc iodide from zinc and iodine. [6 marks]
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.1 (1 mark): What is the name of the compound with the formula ZnBr2? Use the periodic table. [1 mark] Tick () one box. Zinc bromide Zinc chloride Zinc iodide
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.2 (3 marks): A compound has the formula C2H6O Table 1 shows information about a molecule of C2H6O Table 1 Symbol of element Name of element Number of atoms of the element in
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.3 (1 mark): Potassium and sulfur react to produce potassium sulfide. Write the word equation for this reaction. [1 mark] + ⟶
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.2 (1 mark): What is the formula of oxygen gas? [1 mark] Tick () one box. O O2 O2 2 O
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q07.1 (2 marks): Draw one line from each type of mixture to the representation of that mixture. [2 marks] Type of mixture Representation Mixture of compounds Mixture of a compou
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q07.2 (6 marks): A student had a mixture of salt and sand. Salt is soluble in water. Sand is insoluble in water. Plan a method to obtain pure dry samples of salt and of sand fro
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q08.3 (1 mark): A sodium atom can be represented as Na 11 23 Complete Figure 12 to show the electronic structure of a sodium atom. [1 mark] Figure 12
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q08.6 (2 marks): What is meant by ‘isotopes’? Answer in terms of subatomic particles. [2 marks]
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q08.7 (1 mark): Table 5 shows the mass numbers and percentage abundances of the isotopes of X. Table 5 Mass number Percentage abundance (%) 113 4 115 96 Which is the closest es
June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q02.1 (1 mark): Name the process represented by Figure 1. [1 mark]
June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q02.7 (2 marks): Petroleum gases also contain a hydrocarbon with the formula C3H8 Balance the equation for the complete combustion of C3H8 [2 marks] C3H8 + 5 O2 ⟶ CO2 + H2O
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q02.6 (1 mark): C10H22 can be cracked to produce C3H6 and an alkane. Complete the equation for the reaction. [1 mark] C10H22 ⟶ C3H6 + C H16
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q04.7 (2 marks): Fertilisers produced using ammonia contain nitrogen. Which two compounds used in fertilisers contain nitrogen? Use the periodic table. [2 marks] Tick () two bo
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q09.1 (1 mark): Name the process represented by Figure 7. [1 mark]
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q09.7 (2 marks): Petroleum gases also contain a hydrocarbon with the formula C3H8 Balance the equation for the complete combustion of C3H8 [2 marks] C3H8 + 5 O2 ⟶ CO2 + H2O
June 2024, Paper 1 Higher, Q01.3 (1 mark): Give one reason for filtering the mixture in Step 5. [1 mark]
June 2024, Paper 1 Higher, Q03.1 (2 marks): Name the models of the atom shown in Figure 2. [2 marks] Model A Model B
June 2024, Paper 1 Higher, Q03.2 (4 marks): Compare model A with the model of the atom used today. Use Figure 2. [4 marks]
June 2024, Paper 1 Higher, Q03.3 (2 marks): Chadwick’s experiments showed the existence of neutrons in an atom. This led to an understanding of isotopes. Define the term ‘isotopes’. Refer to subatomic par
June 2024, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.4 (2 marks): Complete the ionic equation for the reaction between zinc and copper sulfate solution. Include state symbols. [2 marks] Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) → ( ) + ( )
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.1 (1 mark): Which diagram in Figure 1 represents a pure compound? [1 mark] Tick () one box. A B C D
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.2 (1 mark): Which diagram in Figure 1 represents a mixture of an element and a compound? [1 mark] Tick () one box. A B C D
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.6 (1 mark): Which apparatus could be used to collect water from sodium chloride solution? Use Figure 3. [1 mark] Tick () one box. A B C D
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.7 (1 mark): Which apparatus shows filtration? Use Figure 3. [1 mark] Tick () one box. A B C D
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.7 (1 mark): A salt is produced when an acid neutralises an alkali. Barium chloride is a salt containing the ions Ba2+ and Cl¯ What is the formula of barium chloride? [1 mar
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.1 (1 mark): What is the number of protons in this atom of carbon? Tick () one box. [1 mark] 1 6 7 13
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.2 (1 mark): What is the number of neutrons in this atom of carbon? Tick () one box. [1 mark] 1 6 7 13
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.3 (1 mark): What is the number of electrons in this atom of carbon? Tick () one box. [1 mark] 1 6 7 13
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q08.3 (1 mark): Give one reason for filtering the mixture in Step 5. [1 mark]
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.1 (2 marks): Name the models of the atom shown in Figure 16. [2 marks] Model A Model B
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.2 (4 marks): Compare model A with the model of the atom used today. Use Figure 16. [4 marks]
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.3 (2 marks): Chadwick’s experiments showed the existence of neutrons in an atom. This led to an understanding of isotopes. Define the term ‘isotopes’. Refer to subatomic par
June 2024, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.4 (3 marks): Compound A has the formula C4H6O2 Compound A is flammable. Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of compound A. [3 marks] + → +
June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.1 (2 marks): Name the two elements in a hydrocarbon. [2 marks] 1 2
June 2023, Paper 1 Higher, Q01.1 (2 marks): Atoms were originally thought to be tiny spheres that could not be divided. The plum pudding model of the atom was then developed. Figure 1 represents the plum
June 2023, Paper 1 Higher, Q01.2 (1 mark): Atoms contain electrons, neutrons and protons. Write these three particles in order of their discovery. [1 mark] Earliest Latest
June 2023, Paper 1 Higher, Q01.5 (3 marks): The discovery of isotopes explained why some relative atomic masses are not whole numbers. Element R has two isotopes. Table 1 shows the mass numbers and percen
June 2023, Paper 1 Higher, Q07.1 (1 mark): Complete the half equation for the reaction occurring at the negative electrode. [1 mark] Al3+ + e− → Al
June 2023, Paper 1 Higher, Q08.5 (3 marks): Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction between barium and hydrochloric acid. [3 marks] + → +
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.1 (1 mark): Which particle has no electrical charge? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Electron Neutron Proton
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.2 (1 mark): Which particles have the same relative mass? [1 mark] Tick () one box. An electron and a neutron An electron and a proton A neutron and a proton
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.3 (2 marks): The formula of a compound is N2O How many of each type of atom are in one molecule of N2O? [2 marks] Nitrogen Oxygen An atom of element Z contains: • 3 electron
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.4 (1 mark): Give the name of element Z. Use the periodic table. [1 mark]
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.5 (4 marks): Complete Figure 1 to show the position of the particles in an atom of element Z. Use the symbols: = electron = neutron = proton [4 marks] Figure 1
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.1 (1 mark): Which type of substance is carbon? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Compound Element Mixture
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.2 (2 marks): Carbon has isotopes with mass numbers 12, 13 and 14. Complete the sentences. Choose answers from the box. [2 marks] electrons ions molecules neutrons protons Th
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.3 (1 mark): 12 g of carbon contains 6.02 ×1023 atoms. Which expression is used to calculate the mass of one atom of carbon? [1 mark] Tick () one box. 12 6.02 × 10 23 6.02
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.5 (1 mark): Titanium oxide contains Ti4+ ions and O2− ions. What is the formula of titanium oxide? [1 mark] Tick () one box. TiO2 TiO4 Ti2O Ti4O2
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q08.1 (2 marks): Balance the equation for the reaction. [2 marks] Fe2O3 + 3 C → Fe + CO
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q08.5 (1 mark): Give one observation that would show a reaction took place. [1 mark]
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q09.1 (2 marks): Atoms were originally thought to be tiny spheres that could not be divided. The plum pudding model of the atom was then developed. Figure 10 represents the plum
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q09.2 (1 mark): Atoms contain electrons, neutrons and protons. Write these three particles in order of their discovery. [1 mark] Earliest Latest
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q09.5 (3 marks): The discovery of isotopes explained why some relative atomic masses are not whole numbers. Element R has two isotopes. Table 5 shows the mass numbers and percen
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q05.1 (2 marks): CuFeS2 reacts with oxygen to produce copper(II) sulfate and iron(II) sulfate. Complete the equation for this reaction. You should balance the equation. [2 marks
June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q02.4 (2 marks): Table 2 shows some information about the elements in one molecule of propene. Table 2 Symbol for element Name of element Number of atoms of element in one molec
June 2022, Paper 1 Higher, Q01.4 (1 mark): Complete Figure 2 to show the electronic structure of an aluminium atom. Use the periodic table. [1 mark] Figure 2
June 2022, Paper 1 Higher, Q05.3 (3 marks): Complete the equation for the reaction of rubidium with water. You should balance the equation. [3 marks] Rb + H2O → +
June 2022, Paper 1 Higher, Q05.5 (3 marks): Table 1 shows information about the three isotopes of neon. Table 1 Mass number Percentage abundance (%) 20 90.48 21 0.27 22 9.25 Calculate the relative atomic
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.1 (2 marks): Figure 1 represents an atom of an element. Figure 1 Draw one line from each name to the correct label. [2 marks] Name Label Neutron Proton A B C D
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.2 (2 marks): An atom of element Y has: • an atomic number of 9 • a mass number of 19. Give the number of electrons and the number of neutrons in this atom. Choose answers fr
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.3 (3 marks): Calculate the relative atomic mass (Ar) of element Z. Use Table 1 and the equation: Ar = (mass number × percentage) of isotope A + (mass number × percentage) of
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.4 (1 mark): Suggest the identity of element Z. Use the periodic table. [1 mark] Element Z
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.5 (1 mark): Complete the sentence. Choose the answer from the box. [1 mark] electrons neutrons protons Isotopes of the same element have different mass numbers because the
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.1 (1 mark): Which type of substance is hydrogen? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Element Compound Mixture The diagrams in Figure 2 represent different substances. represent atom
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.2 (1 mark): Which diagram represents a mixture of compounds? [1 mark] A B C D
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.3 (1 mark): Which diagram represents a mixture of elements? [1 mark] A B C D
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.4 (1 mark): Complete the sentence. [1 mark] Sand can be separated from a mixture of sand and water by .
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.5 (1 mark): Which liquid in Table 2 would distil and be collected in the beaker first? [1 mark] Liquid
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.6 (1 mark): Suggest what would happen to the temperature of the water as the water flows through the condenser. [1 mark]
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.7 (2 marks): Describe how to obtain sodium chloride crystals from sodium chloride solution by crystallisation. [2 marks]
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q07.5 (1 mark): An atom has a radius of 1 × 10−10 m. A spherical nanoparticle has a radius of 1 × 10−8 m. How many times larger is the radius of the nanoparticle than the radiu
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q09.4 (1 mark): Complete Figure 16 to show the electronic structure of an aluminium atom. Use the periodic table. [1 mark] Figure 16
June 2022, Paper 2 Higher, Q04.3 (2 marks): Petrol contains a hydrocarbon with the formula C9H20 Complete the equation for the complete combustion of C9H20 You should balance the equation. [2 marks] C9H20
June 2022, Paper 2 Higher, Q05.3 (2 marks): Explain why the concentrations of sodium ions and of chloride ions in the ground water in Table 5 are unchanged by Process 1. [2 marks]
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q06.1 (1 mark): Balance the equation for this reaction. [1 mark] Na2S2O3 + 2 HCl → ____ NaCl + H2O + SO2 + S
November 2021, Paper 1 Higher, Q02.1 (2 marks): Give the meaning of ‘isotopes’. You should answer in terms of subatomic particles. [2 marks]
November 2021, Paper 1 Higher, Q02.2 (2 marks): Table 1 shows the mass numbers and percentage abundances of the isotopes of gallium. Table 1 Mass number Percentage abundance (%) 69 60 71 40 Calculate the rela
November 2021, Paper 1 Higher, Q02.3 (2 marks): Give the numbers of electrons and neutrons in an atom of the isotope Ga 31 69 [2 marks] Number of electrons Number of neutrons
November 2021, Paper 1 Higher, Q03.2 (1 mark): Identify element R. You should use: • your answer to question 03.1 • the periodic table. [1 mark] Identity of R =
November 2021, Paper 1 Higher, Q05.2 (1 mark): Write an ionic equation for the neutralisation of hydrochloric acid with potassium hydroxide. [1 mark] + →
November 2021, Paper 1 Higher, Q07.4 (4 marks): Some of the copper produced did not stick to the negative electrode but fell to the bottom of the beaker. Suggest how the students could find the total mass of
November 2021, Paper 1 Higher, Q08.1 (1 mark): What does H2O(g) represent? [1 mark]
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.1 (1 mark): Substance A contains only one type of atom. Substance A does not conduct electricity. Which type of substance is A? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Compound Metallic
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.2 (1 mark): Substance B contains two types of atoms. The atoms are chemically combined together in fixed proportions. Which type of substance is B? [1 mark] Tick () one bo
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.1 (1 mark): Complete Table 2 to show the electronic structure of a potassium atom. [1 mark] Table 2 Atom Number of electrons Electronic structure Sodium 11 2,8,1 Potassium
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.3 (1 mark): Balance the equation for the reaction between sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide. [1 mark] H2SO4 + ____ KOH → K2SO4 + ____ H2O
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q07.1 (1 mark): Some silver did not stick to the negative electrode but fell to the bottom of the beaker. The students needed to weigh this silver. How could the students separ
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q09.1 (2 marks): Give the meaning of ‘isotopes’. You should answer in terms of subatomic particles. [2 marks]
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q09.2 (2 marks): Table 8 shows the mass numbers and percentage abundances of the isotopes of gallium. Table 8 Mass number Percentage abundance (%) 69 60 71 40 Calculate the rela
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q09.3 (2 marks): Give the numbers of electrons and neutrons in an atom of the isotope Ga 31 69 [2 marks] Number of electrons Number of neutrons
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.2 (1 mark): Identify element R. You should use: • your answer to question 10.1 • the periodic table. [1 mark] Identity of R =
November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q10.7 (2 marks): When butanol is burned in a car engine, complete combustion takes place. Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of butanol. You do not need to in
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q02.4 (2 marks): Students Y and Z boil the same volume of sea water for the same period of time. Explain why student Y collects a smaller volume of water than student Z. [2 mark
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q07.5 (1 mark): Ethanol burns in oxygen. Balance the equation for the reaction. [1 mark] C2H5OH + ___ O2 → 3 H2O + 2 CO2
November 2020, Paper 1 Higher, Q02.4 (2 marks): Metal M has two isotopes. Table 2 shows the mass numbers and percentage abundances of the isotopes. Table 2 Mass number Percentage abundance (%) 203 30 205 70 C
November 2020, Paper 1 Higher, Q03.2 (1 mark): Suggest how the student could separate the insoluble silver iodide from the mixture at the end of the reaction. [1 mark]
November 2020, Paper 1 Higher, Q03.3 (1 mark): Suggest one impurity that was removed by rinsing with water. [1 mark]
November 2020, Paper 1 Higher, Q03.4 (1 mark): Suggest why the student warmed the silver iodide. [1 mark]
November 2020, Paper 1 Higher, Q05.1 (3 marks): The plum pudding model did not have a nucleus. Describe three other differences between the nuclear model of the atom and the plum pudding model. [3 marks] 1 2
November 2020, Paper 1 Higher, Q05.2 (2 marks): Niels Bohr adapted the nuclear model. Describe the change that Bohr made to the nuclear model. [2 marks]
November 2020, Paper 1 Higher, Q05.3 (2 marks): Mendeleev published his periodic table in 1869. Mendeleev arranged the elements in order of atomic weight. Mendeleev then reversed the order of some pairs of el
November 2020, Paper 1 Higher, Q06.3 (2 marks): Complete the ionic equation for the reaction. You should include state symbols. [2 marks] Mg(s) + Zn2+(aq) → _________ + _________
November 2020, Paper 1 Higher, Q08.6 (6 marks): A teacher investigated the reaction of iron with chlorine using the apparatus in Figure 5. The word equation for the reaction is: iron + chlorine → iron chlorid
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.7 (1 mark): Balance the equation for the reaction between iron and bromine. [1 mark] 2 Fe + _____ Br2 → 2 FeBr3
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.1 (1 mark): Atoms were first thought to be tiny spheres that could not be divided. Which particle was discovered to change this model of the atom? [1 mark] Tick () one box
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.2 (1 mark): Figure 2 shows another model of the atom. Figure 2 What is the name of this model of the atom? [1 mark]
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.3 (1 mark): A scientist fired particles at gold atoms. Some of these particles were scattered. The results led to a different model of the atom. Which type of particle was
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.4 (1 mark): Which scientist first suggested that electrons orbit the nucleus at specific distances? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Bohr Chadwick Mendeleev
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.5 (3 marks): The model of the atom used today has three subatomic particles: • electrons • neutrons • protons. Complete the sentences. [3 marks] Atoms of the same element ha
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.6 (1 mark): The radius of a nucleus is approximately 1 × 10–14 m The radius of an atom is approximately 1 × 10–10 m A teacher uses a ball of radius 1 cm to represent the nu
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.1 (1 mark): Complete the word equation for the reaction. [1 mark] hydrogen + oxygen → ____________
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.3 (1 mark): Bauxite contains between 15% and 25% aluminium. Aluminium oxide always contains 53% aluminium. How does this show that bauxite is a mixture and not a compound?
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.5 (1 mark): The formula of cryolite is Na3AlF6 Give the total number of atoms in the formula. [1 mark] Number of atoms =
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q07.3 (1 mark): Name the salt with the formula MgBr2 [1 mark]
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q09.4 (2 marks): Metal M has two isotopes. Table 6 shows the mass numbers and percentage abundances of the isotopes. Table 6 Mass number Percentage abundance (%) 203 30 205 70 C
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.2 (1 mark): Suggest how the student could separate the insoluble silver iodide from the mixture at the end of the reaction. [1 mark]
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.3 (1 mark): Suggest one impurity that was removed by rinsing with water. [1 mark]
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.4 (1 mark): Suggest why the student warmed the silver iodide. [1 mark]
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q07.2 (3 marks): An ethanol molecule contains atoms of three different elements. Complete Table 5 to show: • the name of each element • the symbol for each element • the number
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q07.7 (1 mark): Ethanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate. The equation for the reaction is: 2 CH3COOH(aq) + Na2CO3(s) → 2 CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) What is the name of t
June 2019, Paper 1 Higher, Q01.3 (1 mark): Mendeleev arranged the elements in order of their atomic weight. What is the modern name for atomic weight? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Atomic number Mass number
June 2019, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.1 (2 marks): Atoms contain subatomic particles. Table 2 shows properties of two subatomic particles. Complete Table 2. [2 marks] Table 2 Name of particle Relative mass Relat
June 2019, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.2 (1 mark): Define mass number. [1 mark]
June 2019, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.3 (1 mark): Why is the mass number different in the two isotopes? [1 mark]
June 2019, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.4 (4 marks): The model of the atom changed as new evidence was discovered. The plum pudding model suggested that the atom was a ball of positive charge with electrons embedd
June 2019, Paper 1 Higher, Q07.3 (2 marks): Oxygen is produced at the positive electrode. Complete the balanced half-equation for the process at the positive electrode. [2 marks] → O2 +
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.1 (2 marks): Name the parts of the atom labelled A and B. Choose answers from the box. [2 marks] electron neutron nucleus proton A B
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.2 (1 mark): Which particle has the lowest mass? Choose the answer from the box. [1 mark] electron neutron nucleus proton
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.4 (2 marks): Give the atomic number and the mass number of element Z. Use Figure 1. Choose answers from the box. [2 marks] 1 5 6 11 16 Atomic number Mass number
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.5 (1 mark): What is the name for this type of atom? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Compound Ion Isotope Molecule
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.6 (1 mark): The different types of bromine atom can be represented as Br 35 79 and Br 35 81 The relative atomic mass (Ar) of bromine is 80 Which statement is true about the
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.1 (1 mark): What is the correct formula of hydrogen peroxide? [1 mark] Tick () one box. H2O2 HO2 H2O2 H2O2
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.1 (1 mark): to 03.3 0 3 . 1 Which substance is only one compound? [1 mark] Tick () one box. A B C D E
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.2 (1 mark): Which substance is a mixture of elements? [1 mark] Tick () one box. A B C D E
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.3 (1 mark): 0 3 . 3 Which substance is a mixture of an element and a compound? [1 mark] Tick () one box. A B C D E
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.4 (2 marks): Draw one line from each method of separation to the substance and mixture it would separate. [2 marks] Method of separation Substance and mixture blue food colo
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.5 (3 marks): Sand does not dissolve in water. A student separates a mixture of sand and water by filtration. Draw a diagram of the apparatus the student could use. You shoul
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.6 (1 mark): A student distils a sample of salt solution to produce pure water. Figure 6 shows the apparatus. Figure 6 What temperature would you expect the thermometer to s
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.7 (4 marks): Describe how the process of distillation shown in Figure 6 produces pure water from salt solution. [4 marks]
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q08.3 (1 mark): Mendeleev arranged the elements in order of their atomic weight. What is the modern name for atomic weight? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Atomic number Mass number
June 2018, Paper 1 Higher, Q02.2 (3 marks): An atom of iron is represented as Fe 26 56 Give the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in this atom of iron. [3 marks] Number of protons Number of neutro
June 2018, Paper 1 Higher, Q03.4 (2 marks): Complete the balanced equation for the overall reaction in a hydrogen fuel cell. [2 marks] H2 +  H2O
June 2018, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.1 (1 mark): Which diagram shows the plum pudding model of the atom? [1 mark] Tick one box. A B C D E
June 2018, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.2 (1 mark): Which diagram shows the model of the atom developed from the alpha particle scattering experiment? [1 mark] Tick one box. A B C D E
June 2018, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.3 (1 mark): Which diagram shows the model of the atom resulting from Bohr’s work? [1 mark] Tick one box. A B C D E
June 2018, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.4 (1 mark): Define the mass number of an atom. [1 mark]
June 2018, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.5 (1 mark): Element X has two isotopes. Their mass numbers are 69 and 71 The percentage abundance of each isotope is: • 60% of 69X • 40% of 71X Estimate the relative atomic
June 2018, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.6 (3 marks): Chadwick’s experimental work on the atom led to a better understanding of isotopes. Explain how his work led to this understanding. [3 marks]
June 2018, Paper 1 Higher, Q08.6 (1 mark): Complete the half equation for the oxidation reaction. [1 mark] Na  +
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.1 (3 marks): Substances are separated from a mixture using different methods. Draw one line from each substance and mixture to the best method of separation. [3 marks] Subst
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.2 (1 mark): A student filters a mixture. Figure 1 shows the apparatus. Figure 1 Suggest one improvement to the apparatus. [1 mark]
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.3 (2 marks): Complete the sentences. Choose answers from the box. [2 marks] condense evaporate freeze melt solidify In simple distillation, the mixture is heated to make the
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.3 (1 mark): What is the formula for fluorine gas? [1 mark] Tick one box. F F2 F2 2F
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.1 (5 marks): Complete the sentences. Choose answers from the box. Each word may be used once, more than once, or not at all. [5 marks] electron ion neutron nucleus proton Th
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.2 (2 marks): Calculate the relative atomic mass (Ar) of element X using the equation: Ar= (mass number × percentage) of isotope 1 + (mass number × percentage) of isotope 2 1
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.3 (1 mark): Suggest the identity of element X. Use the periodic table. [1 mark] Element X is
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.4 (2 marks): The radius of an atom of element X is 1.2 × 10-10 m The radius of the centre of the atom is 1 10 000 the radius of the atom. Calculate the radius of the centre
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q07.1 (1 mark): Complete the word equation for the reaction. [1 mark] sodium + oxygen 
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q07.4 (1 mark): The solution contains a substance with the formula NaOH Give the name of the substance. [1 mark]
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q09.2 (3 marks): An atom of iron is represented as Fe 26 56 Give the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in this atom of iron. [3 marks] Number of protons Number of neutro
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.4 (2 marks): Complete the balanced equation for the overall reaction in a hydrogen fuel cell. [2 marks] H2 +  H2O
Specimen, Paper 1 Higher, Q01.4 (1 mark): What is the ionic equation for the reaction of chlorine with potassium iodide? [1 mark] Tick one box. Cl2 + 2K → 2KCl 2I− + Cl2 → I2 + 2Cl− I− + Cl → I + Cl− I−
Specimen, Paper 1 Higher, Q02.1 (3 marks): Give the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in this atom of aluminium.
Specimen, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.1: Suggest one improvement to step 2 to make sure all the salt is dissolved in the water. [1 ma
Specimen, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.2: The salty water in step 4 still contained very small grains of sand. Suggest one improvement to step 4 to remove all the sand. [1 ma
Specimen, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.3: Suggest one safety precaution the students should take in step 5. [1 ma 3
Specimen, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.4 (2 marks): Describe how this technique works by referring to the processes at A and B. [2 marks]
Specimen, Paper 1 Higher, Q04.5 (1 mark): 0 4 Rock salt is a mixture of sand and salt. Salt dissolves in water. Sand does not dissolve in water. Some students separated rock salt. This is the method use
Specimen, Paper 1 Higher, Q09.4 (6 marks): Figure 8 shows the reaction between ethene and chlorine and is similar to the reaction between ethene and bromine. Figure 8 “The more energy levels (shells) of
Specimen, Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.6 (1 mark): What type of substance is an alloy? [1 mark] Tick one box. Compound Element Mixture 6
Specimen, Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.1 (1 mark): Look at Figure 8. How can you tell that a chemical reaction is taking place?
Specimen, Paper 1 Foundation, Q07.1: to 07.5. Each element can be used once, more than once or not at all. Use the periodic table to help you. 0 7 . 1 Which element is hydrogen? [1 mar Tick one box
Specimen, Paper 1 Foundation, Q07.5 (4 marks): There are two isotopes of element A. Information about the two isotopes is shown in Table 4. Table 4 Mass number of the isotope 6 7 Percentage abundance 92.5 7.
Specimen, Paper 1 Foundation, Q08.1 (3 marks): Give the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in this atom of aluminium.
Specimen, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.1 (1 mark): Suggest one improvement to step 2 to make sure all the salt is dissolved in the water.
Specimen, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.2 (1 mark): The salty water in step 4 still contained very small grains of sand. Suggest one improvement to step 4 to remove all the sand.
Specimen, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.3 (1 mark): Suggest one safety precaution the students should take in step 5. 38
Specimen, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.4 (2 marks): Describe how this technique works by referring to the processes at A and B. [2 marks]
Specimen, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10.5 (1 mark): What is the reading on the thermometer during this process? [1 mark] oC
Specimen, Paper 2 Higher, Q02.3 (3 marks): Some countries make drinking water from sea water. Complete Figure 1 to show how you can distil salt solution to produce and collect pure water. Label the follo
Specimen, Paper 2 Higher, Q09.1 (2 marks): Complete and balance the equation for the reaction between marble chips and hydrochloric acid. [2 mark + → CaCl2 + +
Specimen, Paper 2 Higher, Q10.1 (1 mark): Why does the mixture from the separator contain ethanol and water? [1 mark] 3
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.1 (2 marks): Which two substances are mixtures? [2 mark Tick two boxes. Air Carbon dioxide Graphite Sodium Chloride Steel
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.2 (1 mark): Give the percentage of silver in 18 carat gold. [1 mark
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q06.4: Complete the word equation for the reaction to produce ethanol. [1 mar + → ethanol
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.1 (1 mark): The names and formulae of three hydrocarbons in the same homologous series are: Ethane C2H6 Propane C3H8 Butane C4H10 The next member in the series is pentane.
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.3 (2 marks): Propane (C3H8) is used as a fuel. Complete the equation for the complete combustion of propane. [2 mark C3H8 + 5O2 → 3 + 4
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q10.3 (3 marks): Some countries make drinking water from sea water. Complete Figure 11 to show how you can distil salt solution to produce and collect pure water. Label the foll

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