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Structure and properties: Edexcel GCSE Chemistry questions

Every Edexcel GCSE Chemistry exam question on Structure and properties (specification points 1.33–1.42), 2018–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

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1,880 questions

  1. Q3(b)

    June 2025 · Paper 1 Higher

    3 marksStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 1 Higher, question 3(b): Silver nitrate solution conducts electricity. Solid silver also conducts electricity. Describe how silver nitrate solution conducts electricity and how solid si

  2. Q5(b)(i)

    June 2025 · Paper 1 Higher

    3 marksStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 1 Higher, question 5(b)(i): Explain why fluorine has a low boiling point. (3)

  3. Q9(b)

    June 2025 · Paper 1 Foundation

    3 marksStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 1 Foundation, question 9(b): Silver nitrate solution conducts electricity. Solid silver also conducts electricity. Describe how silver nitrate solution conducts electricity and how solid si

  4. Q6(b)(ii)

    June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher

    3 marksStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 2 Higher, question 6(b)(ii): Some information about xenon tetrafluoride is shown in Figure 7. colour of solid melting point in °C conductor of electricity? colourless 117 no Figure 7 State

  5. Q7(a)(i)

    June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher

    2 marksStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 2 Higher, question 7(a)(i): Explain why graphite is used as a lubricant. (2)

  6. Q3(a)(ii)

    June 2024 · Paper 1 Higher

    3 marksStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Paper 1 Higher, question 3(a)(ii): Explain why solid sodium carbonate cannot conduct electricity but a solution of sodium carbonate can conduct electricity. (3)

  7. Q8(a)(ii)

    June 2024 · Paper 1 Higher

    2 marksStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Paper 1 Higher, question 8(a)(ii): Explain why simple molecular covalent compounds such as silicon tetrachloride have low melting and boiling points. (2)

  8. Q8(b)

    June 2024 · Paper 1 Higher

    1 markStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Paper 1 Higher, question 8(b): Part of the structure of rubidium bromide is shown in Figure 7. Rb+ Br– Figure 7 Which row shows the most likely melting point and boiling point of rubidium bro

  9. Q8(c)

    June 2024 · Paper 1 Higher

    6 marksStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Paper 1 Higher, question 8(c): Diamond and graphite are two forms of carbon. Figure 8 shows how the carbon atoms are arranged in a part of the structure of each of these forms of carbon. diam

  10. Q9(a)(ii)

    June 2024 · Paper 1 Foundation

    3 marksStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Paper 1 Foundation, question 9(a)(ii): Explain why solid sodium carbonate cannot conduct electricity but a solution of sodium carbonate can conduct electricity. (3)

  11. Q1(a)(iii)

    June 2024 · Paper 2 Higher

    1 markStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Paper 2 Higher, question 1(a)(iii): Sand contains silicon dioxide. Figure 2 shows part of the structure of silicon dioxide. Key oxygen atom silicon atom Figure 2 State the type of structure and bo

  12. Q6(a)(i)

    June 2023 · Paper 1 Foundation

    1 markStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2023 Paper 1 Foundation, question 6(a)(i): State one physical property of magnesium. (1)

  13. Q8(c)

    June 2023 · Paper 2 Higher

    3 marksStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2023 Paper 2 Higher, question 8(c): Ammonia, NH3 , and silicon dioxide, SiO2 , are both compounds that are made of two non-metallic elements. Ammonia has a boiling point of –33 °C. Silicon dioxide

  14. Q6(b)(iii)

    June 2023 · Paper 2 Foundation

    2 marksStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2023 Paper 2 Foundation, question 6(b)(iii): Sodium, like all metals, conducts electricity. Explain how sodium conducts electricity. (2)

  15. Q6(b)(v)

    June 2023 · Paper 2 Foundation

    1 markStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2023 Paper 2 Foundation, question 6(b)(v): Sodium chloride is made of a giant structure of ions. Which diagram shows the arrangement of particles in sodium chloride? (1) A C – + – + – + – + – + – + – + –

  16. Q3(a)(ii)

    June 2022 · Paper 1 Higher

    3 marksStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2022 Paper 1 Higher, question 3(a)(ii): Explain why solid magnesium carbonate cannot conduct electricity but solid magnesium can. (3)

  17. Q8(a)

    June 2022 · Paper 1 Higher

    1 markStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2022 Paper 1 Higher, question 8(a): Bromine is a liquid at room temperature and vaporises readily. Bromine has a simple molecular structure. Which row of the table shows the most likely melting an

  18. Q8(b)

    June 2022 · Paper 1 Higher

    3 marksStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2022 Paper 1 Higher, question 8(b): Part of the structure of graphene is shown in Figure 5. carbon atom Figure 5 Explain why graphene will be a good conductor of an electric current. (3)

  19. Q8(c)

    June 2022 · Paper 1 Higher

    2 marksStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2022 Paper 1 Higher, question 8(c): Part of the structure of potassium chloride is shown in Figure 6. K+ Cl− Figure 6 Potassium chloride has a melting point of 770 °C. Explain why potassium chlori

  20. Q6(c)(iii)

    June 2022 · Paper 1 Foundation

    2 marksStructure and properties
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2022 Paper 1 Foundation, question 6(c)(iii): Explain, in terms of its structure, how graphite conducts electricity. (2)
All 50 questions on Structure and properties, as a list
  1. June 2025, Paper 1 Higher, Q3(b) (3 marks): Silver nitrate solution conducts electricity. Solid silver also conducts electricity. Describe how silver nitrate solution conducts electricity and how solid si
  2. June 2025, Paper 1 Higher, Q5(b)(i) (3 marks): Explain why fluorine has a low boiling point. (3)
  3. June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q9(b) (3 marks): Silver nitrate solution conducts electricity. Solid silver also conducts electricity. Describe how silver nitrate solution conducts electricity and how solid si
  4. June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q6(b)(ii) (3 marks): Some information about xenon tetrafluoride is shown in Figure 7. colour of solid melting point in °C conductor of electricity? colourless 117 no Figure 7 State
  5. June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q7(a)(i) (2 marks): Explain why graphite is used as a lubricant. (2)
  6. June 2024, Paper 1 Higher, Q3(a)(ii) (3 marks): Explain why solid sodium carbonate cannot conduct electricity but a solution of sodium carbonate can conduct electricity. (3)
  7. June 2024, Paper 1 Higher, Q8(a)(ii) (2 marks): Explain why simple molecular covalent compounds such as silicon tetrachloride have low melting and boiling points. (2)
  8. June 2024, Paper 1 Higher, Q8(b) (1 mark): Part of the structure of rubidium bromide is shown in Figure 7. Rb+ Br– Figure 7 Which row shows the most likely melting point and boiling point of rubidium bro
  9. June 2024, Paper 1 Higher, Q8(c) (6 marks): Diamond and graphite are two forms of carbon. Figure 8 shows how the carbon atoms are arranged in a part of the structure of each of these forms of carbon. diam
  10. June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q9(a)(ii) (3 marks): Explain why solid sodium carbonate cannot conduct electricity but a solution of sodium carbonate can conduct electricity. (3)
  11. June 2024, Paper 2 Higher, Q1(a)(iii) (1 mark): Sand contains silicon dioxide. Figure 2 shows part of the structure of silicon dioxide. Key oxygen atom silicon atom Figure 2 State the type of structure and bo
  12. June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q6(a)(i) (1 mark): State one physical property of magnesium. (1)
  13. June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q8(c) (3 marks): Ammonia, NH3 , and silicon dioxide, SiO2 , are both compounds that are made of two non-metallic elements. Ammonia has a boiling point of –33 °C. Silicon dioxide
  14. June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q6(b)(iii) (2 marks): Sodium, like all metals, conducts electricity. Explain how sodium conducts electricity. (2)
  15. June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q6(b)(v) (1 mark): Sodium chloride is made of a giant structure of ions. Which diagram shows the arrangement of particles in sodium chloride? (1) A C – + – + – + – + – + – + – + –
  16. June 2022, Paper 1 Higher, Q3(a)(ii) (3 marks): Explain why solid magnesium carbonate cannot conduct electricity but solid magnesium can. (3)
  17. June 2022, Paper 1 Higher, Q8(a) (1 mark): Bromine is a liquid at room temperature and vaporises readily. Bromine has a simple molecular structure. Which row of the table shows the most likely melting an
  18. June 2022, Paper 1 Higher, Q8(b) (3 marks): Part of the structure of graphene is shown in Figure 5. carbon atom Figure 5 Explain why graphene will be a good conductor of an electric current. (3)
  19. June 2022, Paper 1 Higher, Q8(c) (2 marks): Part of the structure of potassium chloride is shown in Figure 6. K+ Cl− Figure 6 Potassium chloride has a melting point of 770 °C. Explain why potassium chlori
  20. June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q6(c)(iii) (2 marks): Explain, in terms of its structure, how graphite conducts electricity. (2)
  21. June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q9(a)(ii) (3 marks): Explain why solid magnesium carbonate cannot conduct electricity but solid magnesium can. (3)
  22. November 2021, Paper 1 Higher, Q9(c) (6 marks): Figure 6 shows some properties of three substances, A, B and C. ability to conduct electricity substance melting point in °C solid molten A 1180 poor good B 153
  23. November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q2(c) (3 marks): A student used the equipment in Figure 3 to investigate whether electricity can pass through solid ammonium chloride and through ammonium chloride solution. 6 V
  24. November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q1(b)(ii) (1 mark): Which type of particle moves through the metal wire to allow it to conduct electricity? (1) A atoms B electrons C neutrons D protons
  25. November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q8(c) (3 marks): A student used the equipment in Figure 18 to investigate whether electricity can pass through solid ammonium chloride and through ammonium chloride solution. 6
  26. November 2020, Paper 1 Higher, Q8(c) (6 marks): Calcium chloride can be prepared by the reaction of calcium with chlorine gas. Figure 9 shows some properties of calcium, chlorine and calcium chloride. ability
  27. November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q4(c)(ii) (1 mark): Gallium oxide has a very high melting point. Gallium oxide does not conduct electricity when solid but does conduct electricity when molten. What type of substa
  28. November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q4(e) (2 marks): Gallium metal is a conductor of electricity. Explain how metals conduct electricity. (2)
  29. November 2020, Paper 2 Higher, Q2(c) (2 marks): Fluorine boils at –188 °C. There are forces between fluorine molecules. Explain, in terms of these forces, why the boiling point of fluorine is low. (2)
  30. November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(d)(i) (1 mark): State what would happen to the lamp when glucose solution is tested. (1)
  31. November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(d)(ii) (1 mark): State what would happen to the lamp when sodium chloride solution is tested. (1)
  32. November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(e) (2 marks): Figure 9 shows how the conductivity of one solution changes as its concentration increases. increasing conductivity 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 con
  33. November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q8(c) (2 marks): Fluorine boils at –188 °C. There are forces between fluorine molecules. Explain, in terms of these forces, why the boiling point of fluorine is low. (2)
  34. June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q1(d) (2 marks): The diagrams below show particles in five different structures. The different circles show different particles. Draw one straight line from each substance to it
  35. June 2019, Paper 2 Higher, Q1(a)(i) (1 mark): Titanium(IV) oxide is an ionic solid. Many ionic solids are soluble in water. Titanium(IV) oxide is not soluble in water. Its other physical properties are typi
  36. June 2019, Paper 2 Higher, Q5(b) (2 marks): Carbon dioxide is a simple molecular, covalent compound. It has a low boiling point of –78.5 °C. Explain why carbon dioxide has a low boiling point. (2)
  37. June 2018, Paper 1 Higher, Q1(d) (2 marks): Metals have high melting points. Explain, in terms of their structure and bonding, why metals have high melting points. (2)
  38. June 2018, Paper 1 Higher, Q8(a)(i) (1 mark): Ammonia is a simple molecular, covalent substance. Which is the most likely set of properties for ammonia? (1) melting point boiling point ability to conduct in
  39. June 2018, Paper 1 Higher, Q8(c) (6 marks): Figure 8 shows the arrangement of carbon atoms in diamond, graphene and a fullerene (C60). diamond graphene a fullerene, C60 Figure 8 Consider these three subst
  40. June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q4(d) (1 mark): Substance X is a gas at room temperature. It is a simple molecular, covalent substance. Which row of the table shows the properties that substance X is most lik
  41. June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q4(e) (1 mark): Diamond has a giant covalent structure. State one property of diamond that is the result of its giant covalent structure. (1)
  42. June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q8(a) (2 marks): State two characteristic properties of metals. (2) property 1 property 2
  43. June 2018, Paper 2 Higher, Q2(c)(ii) (2 marks): Explain why chlorine is a gas, rather than a liquid, at room temperature. (2)
  44. June 2018, Paper 2 Higher, Q7(d) (3 marks): A solid ionic compound is dissolved in water to form a solution. Describe a simple experiment to show that charged particles are present in this solution. (3)
  45. June 2018, Paper 2 Foundation, Q7(a)(i) (1 mark): Why is this wire made of metal? (1) A the metal is hard B the metal reacts with water C the metal is an element D the metal conducts electricity
  46. June 2018, Paper 2 Foundation, Q8(c)(ii) (2 marks): Explain why chlorine is a gas, rather than a liquid, at room temperature. (2)
  47. Specimen, Paper 1 Higher, Q8(a)(i) (2 marks): State two ways in which this model fails to accurately represent a crystal of sodium chloride. (2) 1 2
  48. Specimen, Paper 1 Higher, Q8(a)(ii) (3 marks): Magnesium oxide has a melting point of 2852 °C. Explain why magnesium oxide has such a high melting point. (3)
  49. Specimen, Paper 1 Foundation, Q1(c)(ii) (1 mark): What is the structure of water? (1) A ionic B simple molecular (covalent) C giant covalent D metallic
  50. Specimen, Paper 1 Foundation, Q9(c) (6 marks): Figure 18 shows the ability of different substances to conduct electricity. substance conducts electricity solid calcium chloride no molten calcium chloride yes

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