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Adaptations for nutrition: WJEC A‑Level Biology questions

Every WJEC A-Level Biology exam question on 2.4 Adaptations for nutrition, 2016–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

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1,223 questions

  1. Q6(a)(i)

    Summer 2025 · AS Unit 2

    2 marks2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2025 AS Unit 2, question 6(a)(i): Identify the two main sites of protein digestion in the digestive system in a mammal. [2]

  2. Q6(a)(ii)

    Summer 2025 · AS Unit 2

    4 marks2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2025 AS Unit 2, question 6(a)(ii): Both horse and cow manure can be used to fertilise land for growing food crops. Use Image 6.1 to explain why there are less nitrogen-containing compounds in cow

  3. Q6(b)(i)

    Summer 2025 · AS Unit 2

    1 mark2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2025 AS Unit 2, question 6(b)(i): Label tissues A and B on Image 6.2. [1]

  4. Q6(b)(ii)

    Summer 2025 · AS Unit 2

    2 marks2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2025 AS Unit 2, question 6(b)(ii): The villus indicated with the line Y–Y is 750 µm in length. Calculate the magnification of Image 6.2. [2] Magnification = × . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

  5. Q6(b)(iii)

    Summer 2025 · AS Unit 2

    3 marks2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2025 AS Unit 2, question 6(b)(iii): Nervous tissue at X in Image 6.2 controls the activity of the two muscle layers. Name and describe the process by which food is moved along the gut and explain

  6. Q3(a)(i)

    Summer 2024 · AS Unit 2

    3 marks2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2024 AS Unit 2, question 3(a)(i): Explain why it is important that pepsin is produced in an inactive form and why it is necessary that hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen are produced by separate c

  7. Q3(a)(ii)

    Summer 2024 · AS Unit 2

    1 mark2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2024 AS Unit 2, question 3(a)(ii): Describe the function of the goblet cells. [1]

  8. Q3(a)(iii)

    Summer 2024 · AS Unit 2

    2 marks2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2024 AS Unit 2, question 3(a)(iii): Glands within the wall of the duodenum produce exopeptidases. Explain the advantage of the stomach producing endopeptidases and the duodenum producing exopeptid

  9. Q3(b)

    Summer 2024 · AS Unit 2

    1 mark2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2024 AS Unit 2, question 3(b): Image 3.2 shows a transverse section through the small intestine with some of the tissue layers labelled. Image 3.2 serosa sub-mucosa mucosa X lumen Y Name the

  10. Q3(c)(i)

    Summer 2024 · AS Unit 2

    1 mark2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2024 AS Unit 2, question 3(c)(i): State what is meant by the term parasite. [1]

  11. Q3(c)(ii)

    Summer 2024 · AS Unit 2

    4 marks2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2024 AS Unit 2, question 3(c)(ii): Explain how damage to the cells in tissue X can result in the symptoms described above. [4]

  12. Q5(a)(i)

    Summer 2023 · AS Unit 2

    1 mark2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2023 AS Unit 2, question 5(a)(i): State the meaning of the term heterotrophic organism. [1]

  13. Q5(a)(ii)

    Summer 2023 · AS Unit 2

    3 marks2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2023 AS Unit 2, question 5(a)(ii): Describe the process of saprotrophic nutrition in fungi. [3]

  14. Q5(b)

    Summer 2023 · AS Unit 2

    3 marks2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2023 AS Unit 2, question 5(b): Amoeba and Hydra are also heterotrophic organisms. Images 5.1 and 5.2 show Amoeba and Hydra feeding. The images also show food which has previously been taken i

  15. Q5(c)(i)

    Summer 2023 · AS Unit 2

    2 marks2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2023 AS Unit 2, question 5(c)(i): Use Image 5.3 to calculate the length of one eyepiece unit in micrometres. [2] One eyepiece unit = . . . µm

  16. Q5(c)(ii)

    Summer 2023 · AS Unit 2

    1 mark2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2023 AS Unit 2, question 5(c)(ii): The Amoeba at ×40 magnification measured 27 eyepiece units (epu). Calculate the actual length of the Amoeba in micrometres. [1] Amoeba length = . . . µm

  17. Q7

    Summer 2023 · AS Unit 2

    9 marks2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2023 AS Unit 2, question 7: Table 7 shows the skulls from three different mammals. It also provides information regarding their classification, dentition and diet. Table 7 White-tailed dee

  18. Q3(a)

    Summer 2022 · AS Unit 2

    2 marks2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2022 AS Unit 2, question 3(a): Describe what is meant by the terms mechanical digestion and chemical digestion. [2]

  19. Q3(b)(i)

    Summer 2022 · AS Unit 2

    1 mark2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2022 AS Unit 2, question 3(b)(i): Using the letters from Image 3.1, identify the organs where lipase and bile are synthesised. [1] Lipase: Bile:

  20. Q3(b)(ii)

    Summer 2022 · AS Unit 2

    2 marks2.4 Adaptations for nutrition
    The whole paper ↗
    Summer 2022 AS Unit 2, question 3(b)(ii): Bile is composed of bile salts and HCO3 − ions in the small intestine. HCO3 [2]
All 43 questions on Adaptations for nutrition, as a list
  1. Summer 2025, AS Unit 2, Q6(a)(i) (2 marks): Identify the two main sites of protein digestion in the digestive system in a mammal. [2]
  2. Summer 2025, AS Unit 2, Q6(a)(ii) (4 marks): Both horse and cow manure can be used to fertilise land for growing food crops. Use Image 6.1 to explain why there are less nitrogen-containing compounds in cow
  3. Summer 2025, AS Unit 2, Q6(b)(i) (1 mark): Label tissues A and B on Image 6.2. [1]
  4. Summer 2025, AS Unit 2, Q6(b)(ii) (2 marks): The villus indicated with the line Y–Y is 750 µm in length. Calculate the magnification of Image 6.2. [2] Magnification = × . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
  5. Summer 2025, AS Unit 2, Q6(b)(iii) (3 marks): Nervous tissue at X in Image 6.2 controls the activity of the two muscle layers. Name and describe the process by which food is moved along the gut and explain
  6. Summer 2024, AS Unit 2, Q3(a)(i) (3 marks): Explain why it is important that pepsin is produced in an inactive form and why it is necessary that hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen are produced by separate c
  7. Summer 2024, AS Unit 2, Q3(a)(ii) (1 mark): Describe the function of the goblet cells. [1]
  8. Summer 2024, AS Unit 2, Q3(a)(iii) (2 marks): Glands within the wall of the duodenum produce exopeptidases. Explain the advantage of the stomach producing endopeptidases and the duodenum producing exopeptid
  9. Summer 2024, AS Unit 2, Q3(b) (1 mark): Image 3.2 shows a transverse section through the small intestine with some of the tissue layers labelled. Image 3.2 serosa sub-mucosa mucosa X lumen Y Name the
  10. Summer 2024, AS Unit 2, Q3(c)(i) (1 mark): State what is meant by the term parasite. [1]
  11. Summer 2024, AS Unit 2, Q3(c)(ii) (4 marks): Explain how damage to the cells in tissue X can result in the symptoms described above. [4]
  12. Summer 2023, AS Unit 2, Q5(a)(i) (1 mark): State the meaning of the term heterotrophic organism. [1]
  13. Summer 2023, AS Unit 2, Q5(a)(ii) (3 marks): Describe the process of saprotrophic nutrition in fungi. [3]
  14. Summer 2023, AS Unit 2, Q5(b) (3 marks): Amoeba and Hydra are also heterotrophic organisms. Images 5.1 and 5.2 show Amoeba and Hydra feeding. The images also show food which has previously been taken i
  15. Summer 2023, AS Unit 2, Q5(c)(i) (2 marks): Use Image 5.3 to calculate the length of one eyepiece unit in micrometres. [2] One eyepiece unit = . . . µm
  16. Summer 2023, AS Unit 2, Q5(c)(ii) (1 mark): The Amoeba at ×40 magnification measured 27 eyepiece units (epu). Calculate the actual length of the Amoeba in micrometres. [1] Amoeba length = . . . µm
  17. Summer 2023, AS Unit 2, Q7 (9 marks): Table 7 shows the skulls from three different mammals. It also provides information regarding their classification, dentition and diet. Table 7 White-tailed dee
  18. Summer 2022, AS Unit 2, Q3(a) (2 marks): Describe what is meant by the terms mechanical digestion and chemical digestion. [2]
  19. Summer 2022, AS Unit 2, Q3(b)(i) (1 mark): Using the letters from Image 3.1, identify the organs where lipase and bile are synthesised. [1] Lipase: Bile:
  20. Summer 2022, AS Unit 2, Q3(b)(ii) (2 marks): Bile is composed of bile salts and HCO3 − ions in the small intestine. HCO3 [2]
  21. Summer 2022, AS Unit 2, Q3(c)(i) (1 mark): Explain why it was important that sodium carbonate solution was added to each of the test tubes. [1]
  22. Summer 2022, AS Unit 2, Q3(c)(ii) (1 mark): Explain why it was important that different volumes of water were added to each of the test tubes. [1]
  23. Summer 2022, AS Unit 2, Q3(d)(i) (4 marks): Explain the results shown in test tubes A and B. [4]
  24. Summer 2022, AS Unit 2, Q3(d)(ii) (1 mark): Explain why bile salts were included in test tube C but lipase was not. [1]
  25. Summer 2022, AS Unit 2, Q3(d)(iii) (2 marks): Suggest one source of inaccuracy with this investigation and suggest one possible way in which it could be improved. [2]
  26. Summer 2022, AS Unit 2, Q6 (9 marks): Image 6.1 shows two human parasites, the pork tapeworm (Taenia solium) and a head louse (Pediculus capitus). The diagrams illustrate the life cycles of these pa
  27. Summer 2019, AS Unit 2, Q6(a)(i) (1 mark): Carnivore. [1]
  28. Summer 2019, AS Unit 2, Q6(a)(ii) (1 mark): Herbivore. [1]
  29. Summer 2019, AS Unit 2, Q6(b) (2 marks): The alimentary canal of a wild boar is very similar to that of a human. State the region of the human alimentary canal where the digestion of the following diet
  30. Summer 2019, AS Unit 2, Q6(c) (5 marks): Porcine epidemic diarrhoea (PED) is a condition that is caused by a virus and leads to severe gastrointestinal disease in wild boars. The virus infects and dest
  31. Summer 2019, AS Unit 2, Q6(d) (4 marks): The epithelial cells of villi contain many mitochondria. These supply ATP for the active transport of sodium ions (Na+) out of epithelial cells and eventually i
  32. Summer 2018, AS Unit 2, Q2(a)(i) (1 mark): State the method of nutrition, exemplified by Hydra, where food is ingested and then digested internally. [1]
  33. Summer 2018, AS Unit 2, Q2(a)(ii) (2 marks): The endodermal cells of Hydra viridis contain cells of the green alga Chlorella. This is called mutualism which is a relationship between two different species
  34. Summer 2018, AS Unit 2, Q2(b) (3 marks): Nostoc commune and Nitrosomonas europaea are bacterial species that can be found in soil. Both species use simple inorganic molecules to build up their organic
  35. Summer 2018, AS Unit 2, Q2(c) (4 marks): The photograph illustrates the structure of a fungus belonging to the genus Rhizopus. All Rhizopus species have a similar structure. hyphae Two species of this
  36. Summer 2017, AS Unit 2, Q1(a)(i) (2 marks): Define the term ectoparasite. [2]
  37. Summer 2017, AS Unit 2, Q1(a)(ii) (1 mark): Unlike fleas, head lice normally infest a new host only by close contact between individuals. Suggest one reason why this is the case. [1]
  38. Summer 2017, AS Unit 2, Q6(a) (2 marks): Calculate the mean time for the milk solution to become clear when mixed with the endopeptidase. Insert your answer in the table above. [2]
  39. Summer 2017, AS Unit 2, Q6(b) (1 mark): The results show a great deal of variation. However, it was decided that there were no anomalous results. Explain why this decision was made. [1]
  40. Summer 2017, AS Unit 2, Q6(c) (4 marks): Suggest two sources of inaccuracy within the experimental method, which could account for the variation in the results of the groups. For each of your suggestio
  41. Summer 2017, AS Unit 2, Q6(d) (3 marks): Explain why digestion was more rapid when using the enzyme mixture than when using the individual enzymes. [3]
  42. Summer 2017, AS Unit 2, Q6(e) (2 marks): Explain why pepsin was not the endopeptidase chosen for use in this investigation. [2]
  43. Summer 2016, AS Unit 2, Q7 (9 marks): All animals need a source of amino acids for growth and repair of tissues. Bacteria, found in the gut of herbivores, can break down cellulose into energy rich m

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