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Bonding and structure: OCR A‑Level Chemistry B questions

Every OCR A-Level Chemistry B exam question on OZ Bonding and structure (specification points OZ(a)–(d)), 2016–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

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2,049 questions

  1. Q14

    June 2025 · Paper 1

    1 markOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 1, question 14: Which row has ammonia, methane and water in order of increasing boiling point? A ammonia < methane < water B methane < ammonia < water C methane < water < ammon

  2. Q31(d)(iii)

    June 2025 · Paper 1

    3 marksOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 1, question 31(d)(iii): Hydrogenation reactions convert vegetable oils into solid fats. Fats have higher melting points than oils because fats have more flexible molecules. Explain in

  3. Q4(a)(iii)

    June 2025 · Paper 2

    3 marksOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 2, question 4(a)(iii): Name the type of intermolecular bond shown by the numbers 1, 4 and 5 and suggest why these bonds are weaker than bonds 2 and 3, even though they are of similar

  4. Q4(e)(ii)

    June 2025 · Paper 2

    3 marksOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 2, question 4(e)(ii): Some dyes form instantaneous dipole–induced dipole bonds with certain fabrics. Explain how instantaneous dipole–induced dipole bonds are formed. [3]

  5. Q15

    June 2025 · AS Paper 1

    1 markOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 1, question 15: Which molecule is most polar? A BF3 B CO2 C CH3Cl D CH3F Your answer [1]

  6. Q22(c)

    June 2025 · AS Paper 1

    2 marksOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 1, question 22(c): The boiling point of bromoethane, C2H5Br, is higher than that of chloroethane, C2H5Cl . This is because one type of intermolecular bonds are stronger for C2H5Br

  7. Q3

    June 2023 · Paper 1

    1 markOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2023 Paper 1, question 3: Which molecule is the most polar? A CCl 4 B CF4 C CHF3 D CHCl 2F Your answer [1]

  8. Q15

    June 2023 · Paper 1

    1 markOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2023 Paper 1, question 15: What is the correct order of boiling points for CH3CH2OH, CH3CHO and CH3COOH? A CH3CHO > CH3CH2OH > CH3COOH B CH3COOH > CH3CH2OH > CH3CHO C CH3CH2OH > CH3COOH >

  9. Q22(c)(ii)

    June 2023 · AS Paper 1

    2 marksOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2023 AS Paper 1, question 22(c)(ii): CH3Cl has a higher boiling point than CH4. This is because CH3Cl has permanent dipole‑permanent dipole bonding whereas CH4 does not. Explain why CH3Cl has a per

  10. Q24(b)

    June 2023 · AS Paper 1

    1 markOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2023 AS Paper 1, question 24(b): PVAc acts as a glue because of the intermolecular bonds it forms. Name the strongest type of intermolecular bond between chains of PVAc. [1]

  11. Q3(f)

    June 2023 · AS Paper 2

    6 marksOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2023 AS Paper 2, question 3(f): Aspirin, CH3COOC6H4COOH, is a medicine that is made by an esterification reaction. It is conventionally made in the laboratory by refluxing a mixture of 2-hydro

  12. Q14

    June 2022 · Paper 1

    1 markOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2022 Paper 1, question 14: What is the correct order of boiling points? A CH3CH2COOH > CH3CH2CH2OH > CH3CH2CHO B CH3CH2COOH > CH3CH2CHO > CH3CH2CH2OH C CH3CH2CH2OH > CH3CH2COOH > CH3CH2CH

  13. Q33(a)

    June 2022 · Paper 1

    1 markOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2022 Paper 1, question 33(a): The antifungal properties of parabens are linked to their solubility in fats (esters of propane-1,2,3-triol). Suggest the intermolecular bonds that cause parabe

  14. Q2(e)

    June 2022 · Paper 2

    1 markOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2022 Paper 2, question 2(e): The presence of the three isomers as monomers in ‘polybutene’ means that different side-chains are present that do not allow the polymer chains to get close tog

  15. Q8

    June 2022 · AS Paper 1

    1 markOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2022 AS Paper 1, question 8: Which of these compounds will have the highest boiling point? A CH3CHO B CH3CH2OH C HOCH2CH2OH D CH3OCH3 Your answer [1]

  16. Q21(c)

    June 2022 · AS Paper 1

    5 marksOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2022 AS Paper 1, question 21(c): Both compound A and vinyl chloride have instantaneous dipole-induced dipole intermolecular bonds. Vinyl chloride also has permanent dipole-permanent dipole inte

  17. Q32(d)(ii)

    November 2021 · Paper 1

    6 marksOZ Bonding and structureO Energetics
    The whole paper ↗
    November 2021 Paper 1, question 32(d)(ii): Chlorinated solvents were once widely used in industry. Some are made by chlorinating ethane. (ii)* Substance A was a solvent used in the electronics industry.

  18. Q1(c)

    November 2021 · Paper 2

    3 marksOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    November 2021 Paper 2, question 1(c): Suggest, with reasons, which of compounds 2, 3 and 4 from Table 1.1 has the highest boiling point. [3]

  19. Q11

    November 2021 · AS Paper 1

    1 markOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    November 2021 AS Paper 1, question 11: The bond between carbon and chlorine can be represented as Cδ+– Cl δ–. Which statement is correct? A All compounds containing C – Cl bonds have permanent dipole

  20. Q18

    November 2021 · AS Paper 1

    1 markOZ Bonding and structure
    The whole paper ↗
    November 2021 AS Paper 1, question 18: Which compound has the highest boiling point? A CH3CH2OH B CH3COOH C CH3CHO D CH3OCH3 Your answer [1]
All 54 questions on Bonding and structure, as a list
  1. June 2025, Paper 1, Q14 (1 mark): Which row has ammonia, methane and water in order of increasing boiling point? A ammonia < methane < water B methane < ammonia < water C methane < water < ammon
  2. June 2025, Paper 1, Q31(d)(iii) (3 marks): Hydrogenation reactions convert vegetable oils into solid fats. Fats have higher melting points than oils because fats have more flexible molecules. Explain in
  3. June 2025, Paper 2, Q4(a)(iii) (3 marks): Name the type of intermolecular bond shown by the numbers 1, 4 and 5 and suggest why these bonds are weaker than bonds 2 and 3, even though they are of similar
  4. June 2025, Paper 2, Q4(e)(ii) (3 marks): Some dyes form instantaneous dipole–induced dipole bonds with certain fabrics. Explain how instantaneous dipole–induced dipole bonds are formed. [3]
  5. June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q15 (1 mark): Which molecule is most polar? A BF3 B CO2 C CH3Cl D CH3F Your answer [1]
  6. June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q22(c) (2 marks): The boiling point of bromoethane, C2H5Br, is higher than that of chloroethane, C2H5Cl . This is because one type of intermolecular bonds are stronger for C2H5Br
  7. June 2023, Paper 1, Q3 (1 mark): Which molecule is the most polar? A CCl 4 B CF4 C CHF3 D CHCl 2F Your answer [1]
  8. June 2023, Paper 1, Q15 (1 mark): What is the correct order of boiling points for CH3CH2OH, CH3CHO and CH3COOH? A CH3CHO > CH3CH2OH > CH3COOH B CH3COOH > CH3CH2OH > CH3CHO C CH3CH2OH > CH3COOH >
  9. June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q22(c)(ii) (2 marks): CH3Cl has a higher boiling point than CH4. This is because CH3Cl has permanent dipole‑permanent dipole bonding whereas CH4 does not. Explain why CH3Cl has a per
  10. June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q24(b) (1 mark): PVAc acts as a glue because of the intermolecular bonds it forms. Name the strongest type of intermolecular bond between chains of PVAc. [1]
  11. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q3(f) (6 marks): Aspirin, CH3COOC6H4COOH, is a medicine that is made by an esterification reaction. It is conventionally made in the laboratory by refluxing a mixture of 2-hydro
  12. June 2022, Paper 1, Q14 (1 mark): What is the correct order of boiling points? A CH3CH2COOH > CH3CH2CH2OH > CH3CH2CHO B CH3CH2COOH > CH3CH2CHO > CH3CH2CH2OH C CH3CH2CH2OH > CH3CH2COOH > CH3CH2CH
  13. June 2022, Paper 1, Q33(a) (1 mark): The antifungal properties of parabens are linked to their solubility in fats (esters of propane-1,2,3-triol). Suggest the intermolecular bonds that cause parabe
  14. June 2022, Paper 2, Q2(e) (1 mark): The presence of the three isomers as monomers in ‘polybutene’ means that different side-chains are present that do not allow the polymer chains to get close tog
  15. June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q8 (1 mark): Which of these compounds will have the highest boiling point? A CH3CHO B CH3CH2OH C HOCH2CH2OH D CH3OCH3 Your answer [1]
  16. June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q21(c) (5 marks): Both compound A and vinyl chloride have instantaneous dipole-induced dipole intermolecular bonds. Vinyl chloride also has permanent dipole-permanent dipole inte
  17. November 2021, Paper 1, Q32(d)(ii) (6 marks): Chlorinated solvents were once widely used in industry. Some are made by chlorinating ethane. (ii)* Substance A was a solvent used in the electronics industry.
  18. November 2021, Paper 2, Q1(c) (3 marks): Suggest, with reasons, which of compounds 2, 3 and 4 from Table 1.1 has the highest boiling point. [3]
  19. November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q11 (1 mark): The bond between carbon and chlorine can be represented as Cδ+– Cl δ–. Which statement is correct? A All compounds containing C – Cl bonds have permanent dipole
  20. November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q18 (1 mark): Which compound has the highest boiling point? A CH3CH2OH B CH3COOH C CH3CHO D CH3OCH3 Your answer [1]
  21. November 2021, AS Paper 2, Q3(d) (6 marks): The manufacture of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) has been banned because they cause the depletion of ozone in the stratosphere. CFCs like CCl3F have been replaced
  22. November 2020, Paper 1, Q11 (1 mark): Which compound has the lowest boiling point? A CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl B CH3CH2CH2CH2OH C (CH3)3COH D (CH3)2CHCH2Cl Your answer [1]
  23. November 2020, Paper 1, Q32(d)(i) (1 mark): Explain why hydrogen chloride is a gas at room temperature. [1]
  24. November 2020, Paper 2, Q1(c) (1 mark): Aspartame tastes sweet. One theory is that the sweetness is caused by hydrogen bonds forming between sweetener molecules and sweetness receptors in the body. On
  25. November 2020, Paper 2, Q1(d) (1 mark): The enzyme pepsin catalyses the hydrolysis of protein chains. Some students read that pepsin breaks the peptide bonds adjacent to aromatic amino-acids, for exam
  26. November 2020, Paper 3, Q2(a)(ii) (2 marks): State the types of intermolecular bonds between molecules of both structures and describe where in the molecules they occur. [2]
  27. November 2020, Paper 3, Q2(a)(iii) (3 marks): Suggest why Structure A is more likely to be a solid at room temperature than Structure B. [3]
  28. November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q12 (1 mark): Iodopropane has a higher boiling point than chloropropane. What is a reason for this? A Iodopropane has more hydrogen bonds than chloropropane. B Iodopropane ha
  29. November 2020, AS Paper 2, Q3(d) (3 marks): 4-acetoxybenzoic acid has a melting point of 193 °C. A student explains the high melting point as follows: • Oxygen is more electronegative than carbon so the c
  30. June 2019, Paper 2, Q1(e)(i) (1 mark): Name the strongest intermolecular bonds that can form between the chains. [1]
  31. June 2019, Paper 2, Q1(e)(ii) (1 mark): Mark the positions of the intermolecular bonds by drawing dotted lines on the diagram below. O H N N H O O H N N H O [1]
  32. June 2019, Paper 3, Q1(b)(ii) (2 marks): State the strongest type of intermolecular bonding that occurs between PLA polymer chains. Explain, in terms of electronegativity, how this intermolecular bondi
  33. June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q14 (1 mark): Which molecule forms permanent dipole – permanent dipole bonds as its strongest intermolecular bond? A CH3CHO B CH3COOH C CCl4 D CO2 Your answer [1]
  34. June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q19 (1 mark): Which statement about instantaneous dipole – induced dipole bonds is correct? A They become weaker with increasing chain length of an organic compound. B They b
  35. June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q24(f) (2 marks): The boiling point of salicylaldehyde is 197 °C and the boiling point of salicyl alcohol is 267 °C. The structures of salicylaldehyde and salicyl alcohol are sho
  36. June 2019, AS Paper 2, Q4(a)(i) (2 marks): Explain, chemically, the correct part of the statement. [2]
  37. June 2018, Paper 2, Q4(b)(ii) (2 marks): A CO2 molecule has no dipole. A student says that this is because bonds between carbon and oxygen atoms are not polar. Discuss the student’s statement. [2]
  38. June 2018, Paper 2, Q4(c) (2 marks): Another student says that CO2 will form only instantaneous dipole-induced dipole bonds with water molecules. Explain why this is incorrect. [2]
  39. June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q4 (1 mark): What is the correct order of boiling points with the lowest first? A CH4 CH3Cl CH3OH B CH4 CH3OH CH3Cl C CH3Cl CH3OH CH4 D CH3OH CH3Cl CH4 Your answer [1]
  40. June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q11 (1 mark): Which statement about electronegativity is correct? A Electronegativity is the charge on an element’s ion. B If a bond is polar, the two atoms have different el
  41. June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q12 (1 mark): Which substance does not have hydrogen bonding between its molecules? A C6H5OH B CH3CHO C CH3COOH D C3H7OH Your answer [1]
  42. June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q18 (1 mark): What is not a consequence of hydrogen bonding? A Water expands on freezing. B Ethanol is very soluble in water. C Sodium chloride dissolves in water. D H2O has
  43. June 2018, AS Paper 2, Q3(b) (4 marks): A student predicts incorrectly that chloromethane will have a higher boiling point than bromomethane. The student’s reason is that chlorine is more electronegat
  44. June 2017, Paper 1, Q15 (1 mark): Which statement is correct about electronegativity? A It increases from left to right across a period. B It increases down a group. C It measures the negative c
  45. June 2017, Paper 1, Q16 (1 mark): Which one of these molecules has an overall dipole? A CH2F2 B CF4 C BF3 D SF6 Your answer [1]
  46. June 2017, Paper 2, Q2(b)(ii) (2 marks): The two nitrophenols formed can be separated since they have different boiling points. 2-nitrophenol has a lower boiling point than 4-nitrophenol. This is becau
  47. June 2017, AS Paper 1, Q18 (1 mark): This question concerns four compounds each with four carbon atoms. 1. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH 2. CH3CH(CH3)CH2OH 3. CH3CH2CH2CHO 4. CH3CH2OCH2CH3 What is the order of th
  48. June 2017, AS Paper 1, Q24(b)(i) (1 mark): Caffeine contains some atoms that have greater electronegativity than carbon. Explain the term electronegativity. [1]
  49. June 2017, AS Paper 1, Q24(b)(iv) (1 mark): Name the strongest intermolecular bond that can form between caffeine and ethyl ethanoate. [1]
  50. June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q5 (1 mark): Why do the boiling points of the halogens increase down the group? A There is an increase in bond enthalpy. B There is an increase in bond polarity. C There is
  51. June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q11 (1 mark): Which bar chart shows the boiling points of the group 15 hydrides? A B Boiling point Boiling point NH3 PH3 AsH3 SbH3 BiH3 NH3 PH3 AsH3 SbH3 BiH3 C D Boiling poi
  52. June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q15 (1 mark): Which molecule is non-polar? IBr A CH2Cl2 B C NF3 D BF3 Your answer [1]
  53. June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q22(c)(iv) (2 marks): Alcohol A has the lowest boiling point of the isomeric alcohols. Suggest why this is so, naming the intermolecular bonds involved. [2]
  54. June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q4(c) (4 marks): Ethanal (CH3CHO) is formed as an intermediate compound during the oxidation of ethanol to ethanoic acid. The boiling points of these three compounds are shown i

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