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Covalent and dative covalent bonding: OCR A‑Level Chemistry A questions

OCR A-Level Chemistry A past-paper questions on 2.2.2.2 Covalent and dative covalent bonding, 2016–2025, with mark schemes and examiner’s reports where available.

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  1. The start of question 5

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  2. Q5(a)(i)

    June 2025 · AS Paper 2

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  3. Q1

    June 2024 · Paper 2

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  4. Q4(c)(iv)

    June 2024 · Paper 3

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  5. Q23(c)

    June 2024 · AS Paper 1

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    The start of question 23

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  6. Q1(c)(ii)

    June 2024 · AS Paper 2

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  7. Q6(b)(ii)

    June 2023 · Paper 3

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    The start of question 6

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  8. Q21(a)(i)

    June 2023 · AS Paper 1

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    The start of question 21

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  9. Q21(a)(ii)

    June 2023 · AS Paper 1

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    The start of question 21

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  10. Q1(b)

    November 2021 · AS Paper 2

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  11. Q5(c)(ii)

    June 2019 · Paper 3

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  12. Q21(d)(iv)

    June 2019 · AS Paper 1

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    The start of question 21

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  13. Q19(c)

    June 2018 · Paper 1

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    The start of question 19

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  14. Q21(b)(i)

    June 2018 · AS Paper 1

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  15. Q16(a)

    June 2017 · Paper 1

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    The start of question 16

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  16. Q21(c)(ii)

    June 2016 · AS Paper 1

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All 16 questions on Covalent and dative covalent bonding, as a list
  1. June 2025, Paper 3, Q5(b) (2 marks): NaBH4 contains Na+ and BH4 – ions. Draw a ‘dot‑and‑cross’ diagram for NaBH4. Use a different symbol for the electrons from each element. Show outer electrons on
  2. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q5(a)(i) (1 mark): Draw a ‘dot-and-cross’ diagram for CH3Cl . Show outer electrons only. Use a different symbol for the electrons of each element. [1]
  3. June 2024, Paper 2, Q1 (1 mark): All organic compounds have covalent bonds. What is the electrostatic attraction in a covalent bond between? A A shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the b
  4. June 2024, Paper 3, Q4(c)(iv) (2 marks): In a molecule of P3N3Cl 6 all the N and Cl atoms are bonded to P atoms. Suggest a possible structure for a molecule of P3N3Cl 6. [2]
  5. June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q23(c) (2 marks): Hydrogen cyanide, HCN, is bonded by a single bond between the H and C atoms and a triple bond between the C and N atoms. Draw a ‘dot‑and‑cross’ diagram for a mo
  6. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q1(c)(ii) (2 marks): When ammonia dissolves in water, ammonium ions, NH4 + ion. Draw a ‘dot-and-cross’ diagram to show the bonding in an NH4 Show outer electrons only. [2]
  7. June 2023, Paper 3, Q6(b)(ii) (2 marks): The solution contains nitrate ions, NO3 – ion. Draw a ‘dot-and-cross’ diagram for the NO3 Use a different symbol for the extra electron. [2]
  8. June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q21(a)(i) (1 mark): What is meant by a covalent bond? [1]
  9. June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q21(a)(ii) (2 marks): Draw ‘dot-and-cross’ diagrams for NF3 and BF3. Show outer electrons only. NF3 BF3 [2]
  10. November 2021, AS Paper 2, Q1(b) (2 marks): Sulfur difluoride, SF2, shows covalent bonding. Draw a ‘dot-and-cross’ diagram to show the bonding in SF2. Show outer electrons only. [2]
  11. June 2019, Paper 3, Q5(c)(ii) (1 mark): In some of its reactions, the thiosulfate ion forms the tetrathionate ion, S4O6 2− ion is a ‘dimer’ of S2O3 2−. The S4O6 2− ion. Draw a displayed formula for th
  12. June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q21(d)(iv) (2 marks): Nitrogen forms an oxide with the formula N2O. A molecule of N2O is linear and has a nitrogen atom in the centre. Draw a ‘dot-and-cross’ diagram for an N2O molec
  13. June 2018, Paper 1, Q19(c) (2 marks): Sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, is a base used in washing soda. 2–, shown below. Na2CO3 contains the carbonate ion, CO3 O– C O– O Draw the ‘dot-and-cross’ diagram for
  14. June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q21(b)(i) (1 mark): Draw a ‘dot-and-cross’ diagram of a phosgene molecule. Show outer electrons only. [1]
  15. June 2017, Paper 1, Q16(a) (1 mark): Lithium aluminium hydride, LiAl H4, contains the Al H4 – ion. Draw a ‘dot-and-cross’ diagram to show the bonding in an Al H4 Show outer electrons only. [1]
  16. June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q21(c)(ii) (2 marks): Ni(NO3)2 contains the NO3 single covalent bond, a double covalent bond and a dative covalent bond, as shown below. O– N O O – ion, showing outer shell electrons

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