plumiCell division, cell diversity and cellular organisation: OCR A‑Level Biology A questions
Every OCR A-Level Biology A exam question on 2.1.6 Cell division, cell diversity and cellular organisation, 2016–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.
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Q16(b)(i)
The whole paper ↗![June 2025 Paper 2, question 16(b)(i): State two features of stem cells, not visible under the microscope, that distinguish them from specialised cells. 1 2 [2]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/h42002-jun25-16-bi-qp.webp?v=3)
Q16(b)(ii)
The whole paper ↗![June 2025 Paper 2, question 16(b)(ii): Stem cells have a number of uses in medicine. Explain why stem cells are useful tools in medical research. [2]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/h42002-jun25-16-bii-qp.webp?v=3)
Q7(b)(i)
The whole paper ↗![June 2025 Paper 3, question 7(b)(i): State the location of the stem cells that differentiate into neutrophils. [1]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/h42003-jun25-07-bi-qp.webp?v=3)
Q21(a)(i)
The whole paper ↗![June 2025 AS Paper 1, question 21(a)(i): State the names of stages R and S. Stage R Stage S [1]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/h02001-jun25-21-ai-qp.webp?v=3)
Q21(a)(ii)
The whole paper ↗![June 2025 AS Paper 1, question 21(a)(ii): Describe two features of homologous chromosomes. 1 2 [2]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/h02001-jun25-21-aii-qp.webp?v=3)
Q21(a)(iii)
The whole paper ↗![June 2025 AS Paper 1, question 21(a)(iii): Describe what is happening during stage S. [2]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/h02001-jun25-21-aiii-qp.webp?v=3)
Q21(b)(i)
The whole paper ↗![June 2025 AS Paper 1, question 21(b)(i): State one other role of mitosis in organisms. [1]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/h02001-jun25-21-bi-qp.webp?v=3)
Q21(b)(ii)
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Q26(a)
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Q26(c)
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Q21(a)(i)
The whole paper ↗![June 2024 Paper 2, question 21(a)(i): Name the stage of mitosis shown in the image. [1]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/h42002-jun24-21-ai-qp.webp?v=3)
Q21(a)(ii)
The whole paper ↗![June 2024 Paper 2, question 21(a)(ii): Describe how the image would look different if the cell was in interphase. [2]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/h42002-jun24-21-aii-qp.webp?v=3)
Q21(a)(iii)
The whole paper ↗![June 2024 Paper 2, question 21(a)(iii): The cell in the image is from the root of an onion. State why root tissue is frequently chosen to study mitosis. [1]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/h42002-jun24-21-aiii-qp.webp?v=3)
Q21(b)(i)
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Q21(b)(ii)
The whole paper ↗![June 2024 Paper 2, question 21(b)(ii): Identify one difference between prophase in mitosis and prophase 2 of meiosis. [1]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/h42002-jun24-21-bii-qp.webp?v=3)
Q21(c)
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Q21(d)
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Q3(a)
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Q5(f)(i)
The whole paper ↗![June 2024 Paper 3, question 5(f)(i): State a feature of stem cells that allows them to be used to produce pancreatic β-cells. [1]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/h42003-jun24-05-fi-qp.webp?v=3)
All 125 questions on Cell division, cell diversity and cellular organisation, as a list
- June 2025, Paper 2, Q16(b)(i) (2 marks): State two features of stem cells, not visible under the microscope, that distinguish them from specialised cells. 1 2 [2]
- June 2025, Paper 2, Q16(b)(ii) (2 marks): Stem cells have a number of uses in medicine. Explain why stem cells are useful tools in medical research. [2]
- June 2025, Paper 3, Q7(b)(i) (1 mark): State the location of the stem cells that differentiate into neutrophils. [1]
- June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q3 (1 mark): Which type of stem cell can become specialised into more than one cell type but is limited to a range of cell types? A Embryonic B Multipotent C Pluripotent D T
- June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q21(a)(i) (1 mark): State the names of stages R and S. Stage R Stage S [1]
- June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q21(a)(ii) (2 marks): Describe two features of homologous chromosomes. 1 2 [2]
- June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q21(a)(iii) (2 marks): Describe what is happening during stage S. [2]
- June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q21(b)(i) (1 mark): State one other role of mitosis in organisms. [1]
- June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q21(b)(ii) (3 marks): Meiosis allows organisms to make gametes. Describe the three processes that occur during meiosis to cause genetic variation in gametes and state the stage in wh
- June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q26(a) (2 marks): Bone marrow contains stem cells which can only differentiate into blood cell types including erythrocytes and neutrophils. Complete the table to show which stat
- June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q26(c) (1 mark): One area of potential use for stem cells is in medicine, for example, to repair damaged tissues and to treat neurological conditions. State one other potential
- June 2024, Paper 2, Q21(a)(i) (1 mark): Name the stage of mitosis shown in the image. [1]
- June 2024, Paper 2, Q21(a)(ii) (2 marks): Describe how the image would look different if the cell was in interphase. [2]
- June 2024, Paper 2, Q21(a)(iii) (1 mark): The cell in the image is from the root of an onion. State why root tissue is frequently chosen to study mitosis. [1]
- June 2024, Paper 2, Q21(b)(i) (2 marks): At the beginning of mitosis and meiosis, the nuclear envelope disintegrates. Identify two other similarities between prophase in mitosis and prophase 1 of meios
- June 2024, Paper 2, Q21(b)(ii) (1 mark): Identify one difference between prophase in mitosis and prophase 2 of meiosis. [1]
- June 2024, Paper 2, Q21(c) (2 marks): The cell cycle of an onion cell is estimated to be 15 h. A root-tip squash from an onion contained 124 cells. 16 of the cells were undergoing mitosis. Calculate
- June 2024, Paper 2, Q21(d) (6 marks): The cell cycle describes a series of events that occur during the life of a cell. Complete the sentences by choosing the most appropriate terms. During mitosis
- June 2024, Paper 3, Q3(a) (2 marks): The sentences describe the role of meristems in producing xylem vessels. Complete the sentences using the most appropriate words or phrases. Meristem cells are
- June 2024, Paper 3, Q5(f)(i) (1 mark): State a feature of stem cells that allows them to be used to produce pancreatic β-cells. [1]
- June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q12 (1 mark): The photomicrograph shows a group of cells prepared from an onion root tip squash. A B D C Which of the label lines shows a cell that is in metaphase? Your answ
- June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q22(a) (1 mark): State the difference between a tissue and an organ. [1]
- June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q23(c) (2 marks): An outline of the eukaryotic cell cycle is shown below. X, Y and Z represent checkpoints in the regulation of the cell cycle. C M Z Y G2 G1 X S G0 A cell that h
- June 2023, Paper 2, Q1 (1 mark): Which option correctly describes a tissue? A A group of cells performing similar functions B A group of organs performing a specific function C A group of simil
- June 2023, Paper 2, Q2 (1 mark): Bone marrow stem cells are a source of erythrocytes. Which statement about bone marrow stem cells and their role in the production of erythrocytes is correct? A
- June 2023, Paper 2, Q3 (1 mark): Which option correctly describes the sequence of events during the cell cycle? A Cytokinesis interphase G1 G2 S mitosis B Cytokinesis mitosis interphase C G2 mi
- June 2023, Paper 2, Q16(a) (1 mark): State two other roles of mitosis in organisms. 1 2 [1]
- June 2023, Paper 2, Q16(b)(i) (2 marks): Explain why mitosis, and not meiosis, is used for asexual reproduction in plants. [2]
- June 2023, Paper 2, Q16(b)(ii) (2 marks): Bacteria reproduce asexually by a process called binary fission. Suggest why bacteria are unable to reproduce asexually by mitosis. [2]
- June 2023, Paper 2, Q16(d) (2 marks): During meiosis, the independent assortment of chromosomes leads to the formation of genetically different gametes. Gametes of the western clawed frog contain 10
- June 2023, Paper 3, Q2(b) (2 marks): Vitamin B9 is needed for the synthesis of molecule D, shown in Fig. 2.2. Fig. 2.2 O CH3 HN O HO N O OH Molecule D Molecule D is a component in the structure of
- June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q19 (1 mark): Which statement is true of stem cells? A All stem cells can naturally divide to produce a new organism. B Stem cells are differentiated and specialised cells. C
- June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q5(b)(iii) (1 mark): Neutrophils are produced by stem cells. State where in the body these stem cells are found. [1]
- June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q5(c) (2 marks): Parkinson’s disease is a neurological condition which results in problems with co-ordination of body movements. • It can be caused by the death of dopamine prod
- June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q6(a)(i) (2 marks): Describe the role of mitosis in fragmentation. [2]
- June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q6(a)(ii) (1 mark): State one other function of mitosis in starfish. [1]
- June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q6(a)(iii) (3 marks): When Komodo dragons reproduce sexually the gametes are produced by meiosis. Explain how meiosis produces genetic variation in the offspring. [3]
- June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q6(b) (2 marks): HeLa cells and RPE1 cells are cell lines that are commonly used in research. Scientists can use these cell lines to observe mitosis in human tissues outside the
- June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q7(a) (2 marks): With reference to the features shown in Fig. 7.1, explain how the sperm cell is adapted to its function. [2]
- June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q7(b) (2 marks): With reference to the features shown in Fig. 7.2, explain how the palisade cell is adapted to its function. [2]
- June 2022, Paper 1, Q21(d)(i) (2 marks): The ESCs are described as pluripotent. Explain what is meant by pluripotent. [2]
- June 2022, Paper 1, Q21(d)(ii) (3 marks): The scientists concluded that growing the ESCs with growth factors caused them to differentiate into functional thyroid tissue. Evaluate this conclusion. [3]
- June 2022, Paper 1, Q21(d)(iii) (2 marks): The scientists then repeated their experiments with adult stem cells taken from the skin of patients with hypothyroidism. These cells were artificially transfor
- June 2022, Paper 3, Q2(a)(ii) (2 marks): The blood cell labelled Z in Fig. 2.1 contains a high concentration of haemoglobin. Outline two other ways in which the blood cell labelled Z is adapted for its
- June 2022, Paper 3, Q4(b) (3 marks): Both A. aerophoba and S. fasciatum reproduce sexually, but under particular conditions they are both able to reproduce asexually. In asexual reproduction in A.
- June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q25(b)(i) (2 marks): On the photomicrograph, label the location of meristem tissue. [2]
- June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q25(c) (2 marks): Explain the role of meristem tissue in a stem. [2]
- June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q25(d) (1 mark): Name one potential use of stem cells in medicine. [1]
- June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q2(a)(i) (1 mark): The size of the cell increases during stage G2 in the cell cycle. State one other process that takes place during stage G2. [1] 8 The length of a stag beetle la
- June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q2(a)(ii) (1 mark): Assuming that the growth of the larva follows a relationship of y = mx + c, use Fig. 2.3 to determine the length of the larva at 0 years, when it emerges from t
- June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q2(a)(iii) (2 marks): Calculate the growth rate of the larva. Growth rate = mm year –1 [2]
- June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q2(b)(i) (1 mark): Describe how Fig. 2.4 shows the importance of differential staining for observing cells undergoing mitosis. [1]
- June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q2(b)(ii) (1 mark): Identify one piece of evidence that would have led the students to conclude that the cell in Fig. 2.4 is at metaphase. [1]
- June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q2(b)(iii) (2 marks): Three students were studying onion root tip squashes under the microscope. They recorded the number of cells at each stage of mitosis. A record of their observa
- June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q2(c) (4 marks): Compare prophase in mitosis with prophase in meiosis. [4]
- June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q4(a)(iii) (1 mark): Using Fig. 4.1, explain why blood is described as a tissue and not an organ. [1]
- November 2021, Paper 1, Q6 (1 mark): The table describes adaptations of three types of specialised cell. Erythrocytes Neutrophils Palisade cells biconcave shape with a large, spherical nucleus flat
- November 2021, Paper 1, Q20(d) (2 marks): Plant growth requires the production of new xylem cells. Describe how new xylem cells are produced. [2]
- November 2021, Paper 3, Q2(a) (6 marks): (a)* Fig. 2.1 shows three images, C to E, of animal cells undergoing mitosis. C D E Fig. 2.1 7 Describe the events taking place in cells C, D and E. [6] Additio
- November 2021, Paper 3, Q2(b)(i) (1 mark): In one tissue, the scientists found a genetic mutation that stopped the metaphase checkpoint from working. Suggest an abnormality the scientists might observe i
- November 2021, Paper 3, Q2(b)(ii) (1 mark): In the other tissue, the scientists observed cells with chromosomes that had been replicated despite containing damaged DNA. Suggest which cell cycle checkpoint
- November 2021, Paper 3, Q2(c) (2 marks): Mitosis does not occur in bacteria. Bacterial cells divide using binary fission. Binary fission is shown in Fig. 2.2. Fig. 2.2 Bacteria do not have a nucleus. D
- November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q12 (1 mark): The enzyme microtubule depolymerase is responsible for the breakdown of spindle fibres in mitosis. Which of the phases, A to D, will have the highest number of
- November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q18 (1 mark): Which row, A to D, shows the stages of meiosis where crossing over and independent assortment occur? Crossing over Independent assortment A prophase 1 metaphase
- November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q22(b)(ii) (2 marks): A transmission electron microscope image of a white blood cell was studied. It was concluded that the cell had stopped dividing at the G2 checkpoint. Suggest tw
- November 2020, Paper 2, Q3 (1 mark): Which of the following statements, A to D, is not true of human erythrocytes? A They are produced from stem cells. B They are produced in bone marrow. C They ar
- November 2020, Paper 2, Q12 (1 mark): Which of the following, A to D, is not true about adult stem cells? A They are found in bone marrow. B They are not specialised. C They are totipotent. D They c
- November 2020, Paper 2, Q19(a)(i) (2 marks): Hydra is a small animal that lives in fresh water. When environmental conditions are favourable, Hydra reproduces asexually. Large numbers of offspring can be p
- November 2020, Paper 2, Q19(a)(ii) (2 marks): Suggest why Hydra reproduces asexually when conditions are favourable. .. [2]
- November 2020, Paper 2, Q19(b)(i) (6 marks): When conditions are not favourable, Hydra reproduces sexually. This often happens in the winter. Cells in the body wall produce sperms and eggs by meiosis. Larg
- November 2020, Paper 2, Q19(c)(i) (1 mark): The zygote grows into the sporophyte by mitosis. The haploid gametophyte of one species of Funaria contains 28 chromosomes. A single DNA molecule contains two s
- November 2020, Paper 2, Q19(c)(ii) (1 mark): Mark an X on Fig. 19.2 at the point at which meiosis occurs. ..[1] Answer on Fig. 19.2
- November 2020, Paper 2, Q22(a)(iv) (2 marks): Which letter or letters indicate a tissue? Explain your answer. 12]
- November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q1 (1 mark): Which of the following stages, A to D, of the cell cycle, would DNA polymerase be most active? A G1 B G2 C mitosis D S Your answer [1]
- November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q4 (1 mark): Which of the rows, A to D, in the table below shows the correct order of increasing complexity of organisation within an organism? A epithelium goblet cell lung
- November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q12 (1 mark): The image below shows onion root tissue. Some of the cells in the tissue are undergoing mitosis. A B C D Which of the label lines, A to D, shows a cell that is
- November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q21(a) (2 marks): Explain why the type of nuclear division in a zygote is mitosis and not meiosis. [2]
- November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q21(b)(i) (2 marks): Explain the role of embryonic stem cells in the development of the embryo. [2]
- November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q21(b)(ii) (2 marks): Explain why the cells of the inner cell mass are not totipotent stem cells. [2]
- November 2020, AS Paper 2, Q1(c)(i) (3 marks): A student wrote the following passage about cells: ƇErythrocytes and neutrophils are formed in the spleen. One of the places ciliated epithelial cells are found
- November 2020, AS Paper 2, Q1(c)(ii) (2 marks): A man with a body mass of 73 kg was admitted to hospital with an infection. His neutrophil production was measured at approximately 3804 billion cells in a 24h
- November 2020, AS Paper 2, Q1(c)(iii) (6 marks): (iii)* Erythrocytes and neutrophils are both examples of specialised blood cells. Squamous and ciliated epithelial cells are also examples of specialised cells.
- June 2019, Paper 1, Q1 (1 mark): Rheumatoid arthritis is a long-term condition that causes pain, swelling and stiffness in the joints. Which of the following, A to D, explains why stem cells ar
- June 2019, Paper 1, Q4 (1 mark): Which of the following rows, A to D, shows the correct cell names from the image above? P Q A neutrophil erythrocyte B erythrocyte epithelial cell C erythrocyte
- June 2019, Paper 1, Q5 (1 mark): Both of the cell types P and Q develop from haematopoetic stem cells in the bone marrow. Which of the following statements, A to D, correctly describes haematop
- June 2019, Paper 1, Q6 (1 mark): Which of the following statements, A to D, correctly explains why meristems can differentiate into xylem vessels in plant stems? A Meristems are living and unsp
- June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q20 (1 mark): The table below shows the stages of the cell cycle. Which row, A to D, shows the correct order of the different stages? Cytokinesis G1 G2 Mitosis S A four two t
- June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q23(a)(i) (1 mark): Write the letters of the images, P to S, in the correct mitotic sequence. [1]
- June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q23(a)(ii) (2 marks): Describe in detail what is happening in image Q. [2]
- June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q23(b) (3 marks): In the space below produce a labelled diagram of the cell in image S from Fig. 23. [3]
- June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q23(c) (2 marks): A student observed a prepared slide of an onion root tip under a microscope. The total number of cells in the field of view was 265. The number of cells at the
- June 2019, AS Paper 2, Q2(b)(i) (1 mark): Name the cell labelled B. [1]
- June 2018, Paper 2, Q10 (1 mark): During which stage of the cell cycle does semi-conservative DNA replication take place? A first growth phase B prophase C second growth phase D synthesis phase
- June 2018, Paper 2, Q11 (1 mark): The cell cycle includes a number of checkpoints. Which of the following statements about the cell cycle is correct? A If damaged DNA is detected at a checkpoint
- June 2018, Paper 2, Q16(a)(i) (1 mark): Name the stage of mitosis shown in cell A. [1]
- June 2018, Paper 2, Q16(a)(ii) (4 marks): In the space provided below draw cell A. Label your drawing to show visible features. [4]
- June 2018, Paper 2, Q16(b)(iii) (1 mark): Mitosis is involved in growth and repair of tissues. State two other roles of mitosis in multicellular organisms. 1 2 [1]
- June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q20 (1 mark): In human cells, the tumour suppressor gene TP53 codes for a protein that interrupts the cell cycle if there is any damage to the DNA and prevents the copying of
- June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q23(b)(i) (1 mark): The cell labelled T on Fig. 23 is a parenchyma cell which carries out photosynthesis and stores starch. Suggest why cell T and the cells surrounding it, can be
- June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q23(c) (1 mark): The tissues labelled Q and S in Fig. 23 are produced by mitosis from the tissue labelled R on Fig. 23. Identify the tissue labelled R. R [1]
- June 2017, Paper 1, Q5 (1 mark): During cell division, the chromosome number in the cells changes. The following sequences describe the chromosome number in cells before, during and after diffe
- June 2017, Paper 1, Q18(d) (4 marks): Explain why a plant leaf is described as an organ. [4]
- June 2017, Paper 1, Q19(a) (3 marks): Three phases of meiosis are listed below. Match each phase of meiosis to a letter on Fig. 19.1. Metaphase 1 occurs during the stage labelled Telophase 2 occurs
- June 2017, Paper 1, Q22(c)(i) (3 marks): Explain why podocytes are usually unable to undergo mitosis. [3]
- June 2017, Paper 1, Q22(c)(ii) (2 marks): Studies show that after damage by infection or injury, it is possible for nephron tissues to be regenerated. Adult stem cells are involved in this process. What
- June 2017, Paper 2, Q4 (1 mark): The haploid chromosome number in the koala, Phascolarctos cinereus, is 8. Independent assortment of chromosomes in meiosis contributes to genetic variation in t
- June 2017, AS Paper 1, Q21(a)(i) (2 marks): Explain why onion root tips were used to view cells undergoing mitosis. [2]
- June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q1(b)(i) (1 mark): Identify the stage of meiosis 1 shown in the cell labelled A. [1]
- June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q1(b)(ii) (2 marks): Based only on your observations of Fig. 1.2, state two reasons for your answer in (b)(i). [2]
- June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q1(b)(iii) (3 marks): Another stage of meiosis is metaphase 1. Explain how the organisation of homologous chromosomes during metaphase 1 increases genetic variation. [3]
- June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q1(c) (4 marks): The use of stem cells is being evaluated for the treatment of certain human diseases. Name two potential sources of human stem cells and for one source, describ
- June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q14 (1 mark): The image shows a stage in mitosis. Which of the following options, A to D, is the stage of mitosis shown above? A anaphase B metaphase C prophase D telophase Y
- June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q18 (1 mark): A diagram of a stained blood smear observed under a light microscope is shown below. B C D A Which of the structures labelled A to D in the diagram is a neutrop
- June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q24(b)(i) (2 marks): Explain one advantage and one disadvantage of the lack of nuclei and other membrane- bound organelles to mammalian erythrocytes. Advantage Disadvantage [2]
- June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q2(a) (3 marks): Mitosis and meiosis play an important role in the life cycles of organisms. Fig. 2.1 and Fig. 2.2 represent an outline of the life cycles of two different organ
- June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q2(b)(i) (1 mark): State all the letters in Fig. 2.3 that represent the phases of interphase. [1]
- June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q2(b)(ii) (1 mark): Suggest what is being checked at checkpoint Y on Fig. 2.3. [1]
- June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q2(c)(i) (1 mark): Which of the cells P, Q or R takes the shortest time to divide? [1]
- June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q2(c)(ii) (1 mark): Suggest why cell P spends twice as much time in phase S than cell Q. [1]
- June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q2(c)(iii) (2 marks): What can be deduced about the behaviour of cell R? Give reasons for your answer. [2]
- June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q2(d)(i) (1 mark): Identify the pieces of evidence in Table 2.2 that caused the student to suspect that the results for tissue type W might be significantly different from those f
- June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q2(d)(ii) (1 mark): The student decided to analyse the data using a statistical test. A friend suggested using Student’s t-test. Why is Student’s t-test not suitable for dealing wi
- June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q2(e)(i) (3 marks): Complete the rows for metaphase and telophase in the table below and calculate the χ2 value for the data. The χ2 value is calculated using the following formula
- June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q2(e)(ii) (1 mark): The value of chi-squared (χ2) can be used to conclude whether the results for cells in tissue type W differ significantly from those for tissue type V. The numb
- June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q2(e)(iii) (2 marks): The student had expected that the results observed for tissue type W would not be significantly different from those for tissue type V. Use your calculated valu
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