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How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances: AQA GCSE Combined Science questions

Every AQA GCSE Combined Science exam question on 5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances, 2018–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

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3,069 questions

  1. Q03.4

    June 2025 · Chemistry Paper 1 Higher

    3 marks5.1.2 The periodic table5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, question 03.4: Table 2 shows the boiling points of some Group 7 elements. Table 2 Element Boiling point in °C Fluorine −188 Chlorine −35 Bromine 59 Iodine 184 Explain the incr

  2. Q04.7

    June 2025 · Chemistry Paper 1 Higher

    3 marks5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, question 04.7: Metals are mixed together to form alloys. Explain why alloys are harder than pure metals. [3 marks]

  3. Q05.1

    June 2025 · Chemistry Paper 1 Higher

    1 mark5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, question 05.1: Hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in water to form hydrochloric acid. Give the state symbols for: • hydrogen chloride • water • hydrochloric acid. [1 mark] Hydrog

  4. Q07.4

    June 2025 · Chemistry Paper 1 Higher

    4 marks5.2.1 Chemical bonds, ionic, covalent and metallic5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, question 07.4: Silicon dioxide and the polymer poly(ethene) are solid substances. Compare silicon dioxide with the polymer, poly(ethene). Answer in terms of structure and bond

  5. Q02.3

    June 2025 · Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation

    3 marks5.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, question 02.3: Lithium reacts with fluorine to produce lithium fluoride. Draw one line from each substance to the particle diagram that represents the substance. [3 marks]

  6. Q02.4

    June 2025 · Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation

    1 mark5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, question 02.4: Table 2 shows the electrical conductivity of three substances. Table 2 Substance Electrical conductivity when solid Electrical conductivity when liquid C Poor P

  7. Q04.5

    June 2025 · Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation

    1 mark5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, question 04.5: How does the hardness of an alloy of aluminium compare with the hardness of pure aluminium? [1 mark] Tick () one box. The alloy is harder than the pure metal.

  8. Q04.6

    June 2025 · Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation

    3 marks5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, question 04.6: Aluminium can form an alloy with silver. Figure 9 shows how the melting point of the alloy changes with the percentage (%) of silver in the mixture. Figure 9 De

  9. Q05.2

    June 2025 · Chemistry Paper 2 Higher

    2 marks5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances5.6.1 Rate of reaction
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Chemistry Paper 2 Higher, question 05.2: The equation for the reaction is: Na2S2O3(aq) + 2 HCl(aq) → 2 NaCl(aq) + S(s) + SO2(g) + H2O(l) The mixture becomes cloudy as the reaction takes place. Explain

  10. Q01.1

    June 2024 · Chemistry Paper 1 Higher

    2 marks5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, question 01.1: Figure 1 shows the mass of copper produced between 1900 and 2010. Figure 1 Give two conclusions that can be made from Figure 1. [2 marks] 1 2

  11. Q01.2

    June 2024 · Chemistry Paper 1 Higher

    3 marks5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, question 01.2: Figure 2 represents the structures of pure copper and of an alloy of copper and zinc. Figure 2 Explain why the alloy of copper and zinc is harder than pure copp

  12. Q01.3

    June 2024 · Chemistry Paper 1 Higher

    4 marks5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, question 01.3: A 5.25 g sample of an alloy of copper and zinc contains 13.5% zinc by mass. Calculate the mass of copper in the 5.25 g sample. Give your answer to 3 significant

  13. Q03

    June 2024 · Chemistry Paper 1 Higher

    6 marks5.2.1 Chemical bonds, ionic, covalent and metallic5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, question 03: Table 2 shows diagrams which represent the structures of two substances. Table 2 Compare the structure and bonding of sodium chloride and oxygen. [6 marks]

  14. Q02.2

    June 2024 · Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation

    1 mark5.2.1 Chemical bonds, ionic, covalent and metallic5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, question 02.2: Which diagram represents the structure of diamond? [1 mark] Tick () one box.

  15. Q04.6

    June 2024 · Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation

    2 marks5.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, question 04.6: Two processes occur in the apparatus shown in Figure 9. Draw one line from each description to the name of the process. [2 marks] Description Name of process Li

  16. Q05.2

    June 2024 · Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation

    1 mark5.1.1 A simple model of the atom, symbols, relative atomic mass, electronic charge and isotopes5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, question 05.2: Which represents molten magnesium chloride? [1 mark] Tick () one box. MgCl2(g) MgCl2(l) MgCl2(s)

  17. Q06.1

    June 2024 · Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation

    2 marks5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, question 06.1: Figure 11 shows the mass of copper produced between 1900 and 2010. Figure 11 Give two conclusions that can be made from Figure 11. [2 marks] 1 2

  18. Q06.2

    June 2024 · Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation

    3 marks5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, question 06.2: Figure 12 represents the structures of pure copper and of an alloy of copper and zinc. Figure 12 Explain why the alloy of copper and zinc is harder than pure co

  19. Q06.3

    June 2024 · Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation

    4 marks5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, question 06.3: A 5.25 g sample of an alloy of copper and zinc contains 13.5% zinc by mass. Calculate the mass of copper in the 5.25 g sample. Give your answer to 3 significant

  20. Q08

    June 2024 · Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation

    6 marks5.2.1 Chemical bonds, ionic, covalent and metallic5.2.2 How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, question 08: Table 8 shows diagrams which represent the structures of two substances. Table 8 Compare the structure and bonding of sodium chloride and oxygen. [6 marks]
All 89 questions on How bonding and structure are related to the properties of substances, as a list
  1. June 2025, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q03.4 (3 marks): Table 2 shows the boiling points of some Group 7 elements. Table 2 Element Boiling point in °C Fluorine −188 Chlorine −35 Bromine 59 Iodine 184 Explain the incr
  2. June 2025, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q04.7 (3 marks): Metals are mixed together to form alloys. Explain why alloys are harder than pure metals. [3 marks]
  3. June 2025, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q05.1 (1 mark): Hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in water to form hydrochloric acid. Give the state symbols for: • hydrogen chloride • water • hydrochloric acid. [1 mark] Hydrog
  4. June 2025, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q07.4 (4 marks): Silicon dioxide and the polymer poly(ethene) are solid substances. Compare silicon dioxide with the polymer, poly(ethene). Answer in terms of structure and bond
  5. June 2025, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.3 (3 marks): Lithium reacts with fluorine to produce lithium fluoride. Draw one line from each substance to the particle diagram that represents the substance. [3 marks]
  6. June 2025, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.4 (1 mark): Table 2 shows the electrical conductivity of three substances. Table 2 Substance Electrical conductivity when solid Electrical conductivity when liquid C Poor P
  7. June 2025, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q04.5 (1 mark): How does the hardness of an alloy of aluminium compare with the hardness of pure aluminium? [1 mark] Tick () one box. The alloy is harder than the pure metal.
  8. June 2025, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q04.6 (3 marks): Aluminium can form an alloy with silver. Figure 9 shows how the melting point of the alloy changes with the percentage (%) of silver in the mixture. Figure 9 De
  9. June 2025, Chemistry Paper 2 Higher, Q05.2 (2 marks): The equation for the reaction is: Na2S2O3(aq) + 2 HCl(aq) → 2 NaCl(aq) + S(s) + SO2(g) + H2O(l) The mixture becomes cloudy as the reaction takes place. Explain
  10. June 2024, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q01.1 (2 marks): Figure 1 shows the mass of copper produced between 1900 and 2010. Figure 1 Give two conclusions that can be made from Figure 1. [2 marks] 1 2
  11. June 2024, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q01.2 (3 marks): Figure 2 represents the structures of pure copper and of an alloy of copper and zinc. Figure 2 Explain why the alloy of copper and zinc is harder than pure copp
  12. June 2024, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q01.3 (4 marks): A 5.25 g sample of an alloy of copper and zinc contains 13.5% zinc by mass. Calculate the mass of copper in the 5.25 g sample. Give your answer to 3 significant
  13. June 2024, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q03 (6 marks): Table 2 shows diagrams which represent the structures of two substances. Table 2 Compare the structure and bonding of sodium chloride and oxygen. [6 marks]
  14. June 2024, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.2 (1 mark): Which diagram represents the structure of diamond? [1 mark] Tick () one box.
  15. June 2024, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q04.6 (2 marks): Two processes occur in the apparatus shown in Figure 9. Draw one line from each description to the name of the process. [2 marks] Description Name of process Li
  16. June 2024, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.2 (1 mark): Which represents molten magnesium chloride? [1 mark] Tick () one box. MgCl2(g) MgCl2(l) MgCl2(s)
  17. June 2024, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q06.1 (2 marks): Figure 11 shows the mass of copper produced between 1900 and 2010. Figure 11 Give two conclusions that can be made from Figure 11. [2 marks] 1 2
  18. June 2024, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q06.2 (3 marks): Figure 12 represents the structures of pure copper and of an alloy of copper and zinc. Figure 12 Explain why the alloy of copper and zinc is harder than pure co
  19. June 2024, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q06.3 (4 marks): A 5.25 g sample of an alloy of copper and zinc contains 13.5% zinc by mass. Calculate the mass of copper in the 5.25 g sample. Give your answer to 3 significant
  20. June 2024, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q08 (6 marks): Table 8 shows diagrams which represent the structures of two substances. Table 8 Compare the structure and bonding of sodium chloride and oxygen. [6 marks]
  21. June 2023, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q01.5 (1 mark): What is the state symbol (x) in the equation? [1 mark] Tick () one box. (aq) (g) (l) (s)
  22. June 2023, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q05.1 (1 mark): Why does solid sodium chloride not conduct electricity? [1 mark]
  23. June 2023, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q07.2 (3 marks): Explain why the structure of copper allows the conduction of thermal energy. [3 marks]
  24. June 2023, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q07.3 (3 marks): Explain why copper oxide (CuO) has a high melting point. [3 marks]
  25. June 2023, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q07.4 (3 marks): Explain why water (H2O) has a low melting point. [3 marks]
  26. June 2023, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.3 (1 mark): What state of matter is represented by state C in Figure 3? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Gas Liquid Solid
  27. June 2023, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.4 (1 mark): What is the name of the process when state B changes into state A? Use Figure 3. [1 mark] Tick () one box. Condensing Freezing Melting
  28. June 2023, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.5 (1 mark): How can state B be changed into state C? Use Figure 3. [1 mark]
  29. June 2023, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.6 (1 mark): Polymers have very large molecules. Figure 9 represents part of the structure of a polymer. Figure 9 What holds polymer molecule 1 and polymer molecule 2 togeth
  30. June 2023, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.7 (3 marks): Figure 10 shows the melting point of a polymer as the length of the polymer molecule increases. Figure 10 Describe the trend shown in Figure 10. [3 marks]
  31. June 2023, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q04.1 (1 mark): Which particles carry the electrical charge through the metal wire? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Electrons Neutrons Protons There are four ions in copper bromide
  32. June 2023, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q06.5 (1 mark): What is the state symbol (x) in the equation? [1 mark] Tick () one box. (aq) (g) (l) (s)
  33. June 2023, Chemistry Paper 2 Higher, Q01.7 (2 marks): Explain why water vapour and not liquid water is produced when diesel burns. [2 marks]
  34. June 2023, Chemistry Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.4 (2 marks): The hydrocarbons in crude oil are separated into fractions using fractional distillation. Complete the sentences. Choose answers from the box. [2 marks] condens
  35. June 2023, Chemistry Paper 2 Foundation, Q05.7 (2 marks): Explain why water vapour and not liquid water is produced when diesel burns. [2 marks]
  36. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q04.5 (3 marks): Explain the trend in the melting points of the Group 7 elements. Use Figure 4. [3 marks]
  37. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q04.6 (1 mark): What is the state symbol for bromine at –50 °C? Use Figure 4. [1 mark] Tick () one box. (aq) (g) (l) (s)
  38. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q04.7 (1 mark): Evaporation and boiling occur at the surface of bromine at its boiling point. Name one more process that happens at the surface of bromine at its boiling point.
  39. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q05.3 (4 marks): An alloy of aluminium contains small amounts of other metals. Explain why other metals are added to aluminium. [4 marks]
  40. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q05.4 (3 marks): Figure 6 represents part of the structure of a polymer. Figure 6 Compare the bonding within the chains with the forces between the chains in this polymer. [3 ma
  41. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q07.5 (2 marks): Describe how sodium metal conducts electricity. [2 marks]
  42. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q07.6 (3 marks): Explain how sodium chloride can conduct electricity. [3 marks]
  43. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.4 (2 marks): Lithium is heated and then cooled in an experiment. Two physical changes happen in the experiment. Draw one line from each stage to the physical change that hap
  44. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.8 (1 mark): The boiling point of sodium is 883 °C What is the state of sodium at 150 °C? Use Figure 2. [1 mark] Tick () one box. Gas Liquid Solid
  45. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.1 (1 mark): What type of structure is silicon dioxide? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Giant covalent Ionic lattice Simple molecular
  46. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.2 (1 mark): Each oxygen atom forms two bonds. What is the number of bonds formed by each silicon atom? Use Figure 6. [1 mark]
  47. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.6 (1 mark): What holds the atoms together in a polymer chain? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Covalent bonds Ionic bonds Metallic bonds
  48. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.7 (1 mark): Complete the sentence. Choose the answer from the box. [1 mark] atomic intermolecular macromolecular In Figure 8 the polymer chains are held together by forces.
  49. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.8 (3 marks): Calculate the percentage of copper atoms in the alloy. [3 marks] Number of magnesium atoms in the alloy = Number of copper atoms in the alloy = Total number of
  50. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.9 (3 marks): Explain why the magnesium alloy is harder than magnesium metal. Use Figure 9. [3 marks]
  51. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q04.6 (3 marks): Figure 11 represents the structure of sodium chloride. Figure 11 Explain why sodium chloride conducts electricity when molten but not when solid. [3 marks]
  52. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q04.7 (2 marks): Figure 12 represents the structure of sodium metal. Figure 12 Explain why sodium metal conducts electricity when solid. [2 marks]
  53. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 2 Higher, Q03.1 (2 marks): The mass of the conical flask and contents was greater at the start of the reaction than at the end. Explain why. [2 marks]
  54. June 2022, Chemistry Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.2 (1 mark): Ammonia is a gas. What is the state symbol for ammonia? [1 mark] Tick () one box. (aq) (g) (I) (s)
  55. November 2021, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q02.3 (1 mark): What is the state symbol for nitric acid? [1 mark]
  56. November 2021, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q04.3 (3 marks): Explain why steel is harder than iron. [3 marks]
  57. November 2021, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q04.4 (4 marks): Iron is alloyed with carbon and other metals to make stainless steel. A stainless steel fork contains 71.92% iron. Table 2 shows the mass of each element in the
  58. November 2021, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q03.4 (1 mark): What type of bonds hold the carbon atoms together in graphite? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Covalent Ionic Metallic
  59. November 2021, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q07.3 (1 mark): What is the state symbol for nitric acid? [1 mark]
  60. November 2020, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q01.4 (3 marks): A substance conducts electricity because of free moving, charged particles. What are the free moving, charged particles in a: • carbon electrode (made from grap
  61. November 2020, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q02.2 (1 mark): Ice has a low melting point. Water molecules in ice are held together by intermolecular forces. Complete the sentence. [1 mark] Ice has a low melting point beca
  62. November 2020, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q02.6 (2 marks): Name two other substances with giant covalent structures. [2 marks] 1 2
  63. November 2020, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q04.1 (2 marks): Complete the equation for the reaction by writing the state symbols. [2 marks] ZnO( ) + 2 HCl( ) → ZnCl2( ) + H2O( )
  64. November 2020, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q04.4 (1 mark): What holds the particles together in sodium chloride? Use Figure 6. [1 mark] Tick () one box. Electrostatic attractions Intermolecular forces Metallic bonds
  65. November 2020, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q04.5 (2 marks): Solid sodium chloride does not conduct electricity. Give two ways in which sodium chloride can be made to conduct electricity. [2 marks] 1 2
  66. November 2020, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.3 (1 mark): What state is lithium at 100 °C? Use Table 3. [1 mark] Tick () one box. Gas Liquid Solid
  67. November 2020, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.4 (3 marks): Complete the graph in Figure 8. Use Table 3. You should: • complete the scale on the y-axis • draw bars to show the melting points of sodium and potassium. [3 m
  68. November 2020, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q06.4 (3 marks): A substance conducts electricity because of free moving, charged particles. What are the free moving, charged particles in a: • carbon electrode (made from grap
  69. November 2020, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q07.2 (1 mark): Ice has a low melting point. Water molecules in ice are held together by intermolecular forces. Complete the sentence. [1 mark] Ice has a low melting point beca
  70. November 2020, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q07.6 (2 marks): Name two other substances with giant covalent structures. [2 marks] 1 2
  71. November 2020, Chemistry Paper 2 Higher, Q05.4 (3 marks): Explain the trend in the boiling points of the alkanes. [3 marks]
  72. November 2020, Chemistry Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.5 (1 mark): What does X represent in Figure 1? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Covalent bond Ionic bond Metallic bond
  73. June 2019, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q02.1 (1 mark): Give the state symbol for ammonium nitrate solution. [1 mark]
  74. June 2019, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q04.3 (2 marks): Explain why the boiling points in Table 2 are low. [2 marks]
  75. June 2019, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q04.4 (3 marks): Explain the trend in the boiling points in Table 2. [3 marks]
  76. June 2019, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q06.4 (6 marks): Chlorine reacts with sodium and with hydrogen. Compare the structure and bonding in sodium chloride and hydrogen chloride. [6 marks] Copyright © 2019 AQA and it
  77. June 2019, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.1 (1 mark): What is the state symbol of oxygen at room temperature? [1 mark]
  78. June 2019, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.5 (1 mark): Complete the sentence. Choose the answer from the box. [1 mark] covalent ionic metallic There are bonds between the atoms of oxygen in an oxygen molecule.
  79. June 2019, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q05.6 (2 marks): Figure 6 shows the relative sizes of an oxygen molecule and a sulfur molecule. Figure 6 How does the boiling point of sulfur compare with the boiling point of o
  80. June 2019, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q07.1 (1 mark): Give the state symbol for ammonium nitrate solution. [1 mark]
  81. June 2018, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q05.2 (3 marks): Figure 6 shows part of the structure and bonding in sodium chloride (NaCl). Figure 6 Explain the conditions needed for sodium chloride to conduct electricity. [
  82. June 2018, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q05.3 (3 marks): Figure 7 shows the structure of sodium. Figure 7 Describe how sodium conducts thermal energy. [3 marks]
  83. June 2018, Chemistry Paper 1 Higher, Q07.1 (6 marks): Identify the solids A, B, C and D. Explain your answers. [6 marks]
  84. June 2018, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.6 (1 mark): Complete the sentence. Choose the answer from the box. [1 mark] gas liquid solid solution Figure 5 shows that copper conducts electricity as a .
  85. June 2018, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.7 (1 mark): Complete the sentence. Choose the answer from the box. [1 mark] atoms electrons ions molecules Copper conducts electricity because of the movement of delocalise
  86. June 2018, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.8 (1 mark): Figure 6 shows the apparatus used to investigate the effect of electricity on sodium chloride solution. Figure 6 Complete the sentence. Choose the answer from t
  87. June 2018, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q01.9 (2 marks): Sodium chloride is made up of ions. Figure 7 shows the apparatus used to investigate the effect of electricity on solid sodium chloride and molten sodium chlori
  88. June 2018, Chemistry Paper 1 Foundation, Q02.9 (3 marks): Explain why fluorine is a gas at room temperature. Use the following words in your answer: energy forces molecules weak [3 marks]
  89. June 2018, Chemistry Paper 2 Higher, Q04.3 (4 marks): The fertiliser also contains potassium chloride. Explain why potassium chloride has a high melting point. [4 marks]

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