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Inheritance: AQA A‑Level Biology questions

Every AQA A-Level Biology exam question on 3.7.1 Inheritance, 2016–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

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1,383 questions

  1. Q04.3

    June 2025 · Paper 2

    1 mark3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 2, question 04.3: Haemophilia C is an autosomal recessive condition. Two parents are both heterozygous for the haemophilia C allele. Calculate the probability of these parents pr

  2. Q05.1

    June 2025 · Paper 2

    2 marks3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 2, question 05.1: Explain what is meant by the term phenotype. [2 marks]

  3. Q05.2

    June 2025 · Paper 2

    2 marks3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 2, question 05.2: In genetic crosses, the observed phenotypic ratios obtained in the offspring are often not the same as the expected ratios. Suggest two reasons why. Do not refe

  4. Q05.3

    June 2025 · Paper 2

    3 marks3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 2, question 05.3: In sweet pea plants, the F allele for purple flowers is dominant to the f allele for red flowers. The L allele for long pollen is dominant to the l allele for r

  5. Q04.1

    June 2024 · Paper 2

    2 marks3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Paper 2, question 04.1: In fruit flies, a gene for body colour has a dominant allele for grey body, G, and a recessive allele for black body, g. Explain how you would determine if the

  6. Q04.2

    June 2024 · Paper 2

    1 mark3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Paper 2, question 04.2: In fruit flies, males are XY and females are XX. A cross between a grey-bodied male fly and a black-bodied female fly produced some black-bodied females. Explai

  7. Q04.4

    June 2024 · Paper 2

    3 marks3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Paper 2, question 04.4: In fruit flies, a gene for wing shape has a dominant allele for curly wings, R, and a recessive allele for normal wings, r. The alleles for this gene are on a d

  8. Q05.4

    June 2024 · Paper 3

    3 marks3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Paper 3, question 05.4: LS usually causes death within the first three years of life. Using all the information in this question, evaluate whether all people should be genetically scre

  9. Q04.1

    June 2023 · Paper 2

    1 mark3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2023 Paper 2, question 04.1: Name the type of interaction between the two genes affecting fur colour. [1 mark]

  10. Q04.2

    June 2023 · Paper 2

    1 mark3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2023 Paper 2, question 04.2: What phenotype would a cat with the following genotype have? [1 mark] XGXBff

  11. Q04.3

    June 2023 · Paper 2

    3 marks3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2023 Paper 2, question 04.3: Complete the genetic diagram to show all the possible genotypes and the ratio of phenotypes expected in the offspring of this cross. [3 marks] Phenotypes of par

  12. Q06.1

    June 2022 · Paper 2

    1 mark3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2022 Paper 2, question 06.1: Give the genotypes of the ABO blood groups for individuals 1 and 2. Do not include the genotypes for the Rhesus blood groups in your answer. [1 mark] 1 2

  13. Q06.2

    June 2022 · Paper 2

    2 marks3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2022 Paper 2, question 06.2: Explain one piece of evidence from Figure 3 that the allele for Rhesus positive is dominant. [2 marks]

  14. Q06.3

    June 2022 · Paper 2

    2 marks3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2022 Paper 2, question 06.3: Calculate the probability of individuals 1 and 2 producing a Rhesus positive son with blood group A (individual 3). You can assume that individual 1 is heterozy

  15. Q04.1

    November 2021 · Paper 2

    2 marks3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    November 2021 Paper 2, question 04.1: Male fruit flies are more likely than female fruit flies to have white eyes. Explain why. [2 marks]

  16. Q04.2

    November 2021 · Paper 2

    1 mark3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    November 2021 Paper 2, question 04.2: A female fruit fly with white eyes was crossed with a male fruit fly with red eyes to produce a large number of offspring. Tick ( ) one box next to the statemen

  17. Q04.3

    November 2021 · Paper 2

    3 marks3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    November 2021 Paper 2, question 04.3: Explain the results in Table 2. [3 marks]

  18. Q06.2

    November 2020 · Paper 2

    1 mark3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    November 2020 Paper 2, question 06.2: Name the relationship between the two alleles that code for flower colour. [1 mark]

  19. Q06.3

    November 2020 · Paper 2

    3 marks3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    November 2020 Paper 2, question 06.3: A dwarf, pink-flowered plant was crossed with a heterozygous tall, white-flowered plant. Complete the genetic diagram to show all the possible genotypes and the

  20. Q08.2

    November 2020 · Paper 2

    1 mark3.7.1 Inheritance
    The whole paper ↗
    November 2020 Paper 2, question 08.2: AS results from a sex-linked mutation. In a male with AS, where would the sex-linked mutation be located? Tick () one box. [1 mark] The homologous section of a
All 38 questions on Inheritance, as a list
  1. June 2025, Paper 2, Q04.3 (1 mark): Haemophilia C is an autosomal recessive condition. Two parents are both heterozygous for the haemophilia C allele. Calculate the probability of these parents pr
  2. June 2025, Paper 2, Q05.1 (2 marks): Explain what is meant by the term phenotype. [2 marks]
  3. June 2025, Paper 2, Q05.2 (2 marks): In genetic crosses, the observed phenotypic ratios obtained in the offspring are often not the same as the expected ratios. Suggest two reasons why. Do not refe
  4. June 2025, Paper 2, Q05.3 (3 marks): In sweet pea plants, the F allele for purple flowers is dominant to the f allele for red flowers. The L allele for long pollen is dominant to the l allele for r
  5. June 2024, Paper 2, Q04.1 (2 marks): In fruit flies, a gene for body colour has a dominant allele for grey body, G, and a recessive allele for black body, g. Explain how you would determine if the
  6. June 2024, Paper 2, Q04.2 (1 mark): In fruit flies, males are XY and females are XX. A cross between a grey-bodied male fly and a black-bodied female fly produced some black-bodied females. Explai
  7. June 2024, Paper 2, Q04.4 (3 marks): In fruit flies, a gene for wing shape has a dominant allele for curly wings, R, and a recessive allele for normal wings, r. The alleles for this gene are on a d
  8. June 2024, Paper 3, Q05.4 (3 marks): LS usually causes death within the first three years of life. Using all the information in this question, evaluate whether all people should be genetically scre
  9. June 2023, Paper 2, Q04.1 (1 mark): Name the type of interaction between the two genes affecting fur colour. [1 mark]
  10. June 2023, Paper 2, Q04.2 (1 mark): What phenotype would a cat with the following genotype have? [1 mark] XGXBff
  11. June 2023, Paper 2, Q04.3 (3 marks): Complete the genetic diagram to show all the possible genotypes and the ratio of phenotypes expected in the offspring of this cross. [3 marks] Phenotypes of par
  12. June 2022, Paper 2, Q06.1 (1 mark): Give the genotypes of the ABO blood groups for individuals 1 and 2. Do not include the genotypes for the Rhesus blood groups in your answer. [1 mark] 1 2
  13. June 2022, Paper 2, Q06.2 (2 marks): Explain one piece of evidence from Figure 3 that the allele for Rhesus positive is dominant. [2 marks]
  14. June 2022, Paper 2, Q06.3 (2 marks): Calculate the probability of individuals 1 and 2 producing a Rhesus positive son with blood group A (individual 3). You can assume that individual 1 is heterozy
  15. November 2021, Paper 2, Q04.1 (2 marks): Male fruit flies are more likely than female fruit flies to have white eyes. Explain why. [2 marks]
  16. November 2021, Paper 2, Q04.2 (1 mark): A female fruit fly with white eyes was crossed with a male fruit fly with red eyes to produce a large number of offspring. Tick ( ) one box next to the statemen
  17. November 2021, Paper 2, Q04.3 (3 marks): Explain the results in Table 2. [3 marks]
  18. November 2020, Paper 2, Q06.2 (1 mark): Name the relationship between the two alleles that code for flower colour. [1 mark]
  19. November 2020, Paper 2, Q06.3 (3 marks): A dwarf, pink-flowered plant was crossed with a heterozygous tall, white-flowered plant. Complete the genetic diagram to show all the possible genotypes and the
  20. November 2020, Paper 2, Q08.2 (1 mark): AS results from a sex-linked mutation. In a male with AS, where would the sex-linked mutation be located? Tick () one box. [1 mark] The homologous section of a
  21. June 2019, Paper 2, Q06.1 (1 mark): Give the full genotype of the fly numbered 6 in Figure 4. [1 mark] Genotype =
  22. June 2019, Paper 2, Q06.2 (1 mark): Give one piece of evidence from Figure 4 to show that the allele for grey body colour is dominant. [1 mark]
  23. June 2019, Paper 2, Q06.3 (2 marks): Explain one piece of evidence from Figure 4 to show that the gene for body colour is not on the X chromosome. [2 marks]
  24. June 2019, Paper 2, Q06.4 (3 marks): A heterozygous grey-bodied, white-eyed female fly was crossed with a black-bodied, red-eyed male fly. Complete the genetic diagram below to show all the possibl
  25. June 2018, Paper 2, Q06.1 (2 marks): In genetic crosses, the observed phenotypic ratios obtained in the offspring are often not the same as the expected ratios. Suggest two reasons why. [2 marks] 1
  26. June 2018, Paper 2, Q06.2 (1 mark): What would be the genotype of the offspring with dwarf plants and mottled leaves? [1 mark]
  27. June 2018, Paper 2, Q06.3 (3 marks): Use the information provided to explain the results in Table 3. [3 marks]
  28. June 2018, Paper 2, Q06.4 (2 marks): Complete Table 4 to show the expected ratio of phenotypes if the same cross had been carried out but the genes for height of plant and for the type of leaf were
  29. June 2018, Paper 2, Q10.3 (2 marks): 1 0 Read the following passage. Complete achromatopsia is a form of complete colour blindness. It is caused by having only rods and no functional cone cells. Pe
  30. June 2017, Paper 2, Q07.1 (2 marks): What is meant by the term phenotype? [2 marks]
  31. June 2017, Paper 2, Q07.2 (1 mark): The inheritance of fruit colour in summer squash plants is controlled by two genes, A and B. Each gene has two alleles. Figure 7 shows the interaction of these
  32. June 2017, Paper 2, Q07.3 (1 mark): What fruit colour would you expect the following genotypes to have? [1 mark] AAbb aaBB
  33. June 2017, Paper 2, Q07.4 (3 marks): Genes A and B are not linked. Complete the genetic diagram to show all the possible genotypes and the ratio of phenotypes expected in the offspring of this cros
  34. June 2017, Paper 2, Q10.6 (2 marks): 1 0 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a non-reversible brain disorder that develops over a number of years. At the start of 2014 the number of Americans with AD was e
  35. Specimen, Paper 2, Q03.1 (1 mark): 9
  36. Specimen, Paper 2, Q03.2 (4 marks): [ ]
  37. Specimen, Paper 2, Q03.3 (1 mark): If these genes were not linked, what ratio of phenotypes would the scientist have expected to obtain in the offspring? [1 mark] 0 3 . 3
  38. Specimen, Paper 2, Q03.4 (2 marks): 0

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