How do bonding and structure affect properties of materials?: OCR GCSE Chemistry B questions

Every OCR GCSE Chemistry B exam question on C4.3 How do bonding and structure affect properties of materials?, 2018–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

All 82 questions on How do bonding and structure affect properties of materials?, as a list

June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q5(c)(i) (1 mark): State the number of covalent bonds that carbon forms. [1]
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q5(c)(iii) (1 mark): State one property of diamond. [1]
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q5(c)(iv) (3 marks): Which statements about the nature and arrangement of bonds in diamond are true and which are false? Tick (✓) one box in each row. True False Diamond contains de
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q9(a)(i) (2 marks): The information in the table shows that simple molecules have weak intermolecular forces between molecules. Explain why. [2]
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q9(a)(ii) (2 marks): Describe the nature and arrangement of chemical bonds in diamond. [2]
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q9(a)(iii) (2 marks): Complete the dot and cross diagram for water. Atomic numbers: H = 1 O = 8
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q9(b)(i) (2 marks): Graphite is a good conductor of electricity. Use the structures to explain why. [2]
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q9(b)(ii) (2 marks): Glass can be cut by diamond but not by graphite. Use the structures to explain why. [2]
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q5(a) (4 marks): Complete Table 5.1. [4]
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q5(b) (2 marks): Chlorine is a simple covalent molecule with a low melting point. Which statements about chlorine and silicon dioxide are true, and which are false? Tick (3) one
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q5(c) (2 marks): Both magnesium oxide and magnesium conduct electricity when molten. Complete Table 5.2 to show the particles that conduct electricity. Use words from the list.
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10(a)(i) (1 mark): Draw the displayed formula of formic acid. Show all the bonds. [1]
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10(a)(ii) (1 mark): The name of the carboxylic acid with the formula CH3COOH is ethanoic acid. What is the name of formic acid? Tick (3) one box. Butanoic acid Methanoic acid Propa
June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q2(a)(i) (3 marks): Draw lines to connect each formula to the correct model. Formula Model HCl NH3 H2 CO2 [3]
June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q2(a)(iii) (1 mark): Which formula contains an atom that is in both diamond and graphite? [1]
June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q2(b)(i) (2 marks): Calculate the total number of ions in the model in Fig. 2.1. Total number of ions = [2]
June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q2(b)(ii) (2 marks): Which descriptions about the structure of sodium chloride are shown by the model in Fig. 2.1 and which are not? Tick (3) one box in each row. Shown by the Not s
June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q2(c) (2 marks): Fig. 2.2 shows a two-dimensional diagram of sodium chloride. One ion is labelled. Fig. 2.2 Na+ Label the other ions in Fig. 2.2. Use the symbols Na+ and Cl –. [
June 2023, Paper 3 Higher, Q2(a)(i) (1 mark): Draw the displayed formula of formic acid. Show all the bonds. [1]
June 2023, Paper 3 Higher, Q2(a)(ii) (1 mark): The name of the carboxylic acid with the formula CH3COOH is ethanoic acid. What is the name of formic acid? Tick (3) one box. Butanoic acid Methanoic acid Propa
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q4(d) (2 marks): Complete the sentences to describe C–C bonds. Use words from the list. covalent given ionic shared C–C bonds are . The electrons between the carbon atoms are .
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q1(a) (2 marks): Which of the following statements are true only for the solid, which are true only for the liquid and which are true for both? Tick (3) one box in each row. Tru
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q1(b)(i) (1 mark): What is the state of sodium chloride and of magnesium chloride at 750 °C? Put a ring around one word to complete each sentence. At 750 °C, sodium chloride is a
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q1(b)(ii) (2 marks): A limitation of the model shown in Fig. 1.1 is that it does not show the reasons why different compounds have different melting points. Which two statements des
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q6(a) (2 marks): The atoms in diamond are held together by single covalent bonds. How is a single covalent bond formed? Use ideas about electrons in your answer. [2]
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q6(b) (2 marks): Which of these statements are only true for diamond, which are only true for carbon dioxide and which are true for both? Tick (3) one box in each row. Only true
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q6(c) (6 marks): The diagram shows the structures of diamond and carbon dioxide. Diamond Carbon dioxide giant covalent simple molecules (c)* The melting point is the temperature
June 2022, Paper 3 Higher, Q6(d) (1 mark): Ethanol boils at 78 °C. Ethene boils at –104 °C. Which statement explains why the boiling points are different? Tick (✓) one box. An ethanol molecule has more c
June 2022, Paper 4 Higher, Q1(b) (1 mark): Carbon makes a much bigger range of different types of molecules than any other element. Give one reason why carbon atoms can form so many different types of mo
June 2022, Paper 4 Higher, Q1(c) (2 marks): Explain why polyethene and synthetic rubber have different properties. Use ideas about structure from Fig. 1.1 to help you to answer. [2]
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q2(b)(ii) (1 mark): Fig. 2.2 shows a molecule of oxygen, O2. O O Fig. 2.2 Draw a similar diagram to show a molecule of water, H2O. [1]
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q5(c)(i) (1 mark): The formula of methane is CH4. What is the formula of ethanol? Use Fig. 5.2 to help you. [1]
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q5(c)(ii) (2 marks): Which two statements do the models in Fig. 5.2 accurately show? Tick (3) two boxes. The number of electrons in each atom. The number of atoms in each molecule.
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q5(d)(i) (2 marks): Which two structures are compounds? Put a ring around the two correct answers. A B C D [2]
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q5(d)(ii) (1 mark): Which structure conducts electricity when it is solid? Put a ring around the one correct answer. A B C D [1]
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q5(d)(iii) (2 marks): Which two structures contain ions? Put a ring around the two correct answers. A B C D [2]
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q1(c) (3 marks): Amir draws the structures of urea and of the gases involved in the reaction. O O C H H O C O N N N N H H H H Urea CO2 H2O N2 Amir looks at the number of bonds f
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(a) (6 marks): Table 5.1 and Table 5.2 show information about the structure, properties, and uses of graphite and graphene. Graphite Structure Many layers of carbon atoms. Car
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(b) (2 marks): Which two materials also contain only carbon atoms? Put a ring around the two correct answers. Crude oil Diamond Fullerenes Methane Polymers [2]
November 2021, Paper 3 Higher, Q6(c)(i) (2 marks): Which two features are shown by the model in Fig. 6.2? Tick (✓) two boxes. The number of electrons in the atoms. The 3D shape of the molecule. The number of ato
November 2021, Paper 3 Higher, Q6(d)(i) (2 marks): Which two structures contain covalent bonds? Put a ring around the two correct answers. A B C D [2]
November 2021, Paper 3 Higher, Q6(d)(ii) (1 mark): Which structure only conducts electricity when it is molten? Put a ring around the one correct answer. A B C D [1]
November 2021, Paper 4 Higher, Q5(a) (6 marks): Table 5.1 and Table 5.2 show information about the structures and uses of diamond and graphene. Diamond Structure: Giant covalent Many carbon atoms. Each carbon
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q4(a)(i) (1 mark): What do the black dots in Fig. 4.1 represent? [1]
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q4(a)(ii) (1 mark): Name the type of bond that is represented by the solid black lines in Fig. 4.1. [1]
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q4(b) (2 marks): Fig. 4.2 shows a model of sodium chloride, which has a giant ionic lattice structure. Fig. 4.2 Describe one similarity and one difference between the properties
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q1(a) (2 marks): Which molecules are elements and which are compounds? Tick (3) one box in each row. Element (3) Compound (3) carbon dioxide chlorine hydrogen water [2]
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q1(b) (2 marks): How do the dot and cross diagrams in Fig. 1.1 show that all of these molecules are simple covalent? Tick (3) two boxes. They are all gases. They bond by sharing
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q1(c) (2 marks): How does the dot and cross diagram in Fig. 1.1 show that carbon dioxide has double bonds? [2]
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q1(d) (2 marks): Using Fig. 1.1, complete the table to show how many bonds each atom forms. Atom Number of bonds hydrogen oxygen 2 carbon chlorine [2]
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q1(e) (2 marks): Argon is a gas. The arrangement of electrons in the outer shell of argon is shown in Fig. 1.2. Ar Fig. 1.2 Explain how and why argon is different to the simple
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(b)(i) (2 marks): Room temperature is 20 °C. Draw lines to connect each oxide with its correct state and state symbol (at room temperature). Oxide State State symbol gas (s) magn
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(b)(ii) (3 marks): Complete the sentences to explain the differences between the melting points of the three oxides. Use words from the list. Each word can be used once, more than
November 2020, Paper 3 Higher, Q8(a) (3 marks): Graphite can mark paper but diamond cannot. Explain why. Use ideas about intermolecular forces and bonding in your answer. [3]
November 2020, Paper 3 Higher, Q8(b) (1 mark): Fig. 8.2 shows a model of sodium chloride: Fig. 8.2 What type of structure does sodium chloride have? You should include the type of bonding in your answer. [1]
November 2020, Paper 3 Higher, Q8(c) (3 marks): Complete the table to explain how graphite and sodium chloride conduct electricity. Graphite Sodium chloride either molten or Conducts electricity solid when: P
November 2020, Paper 4 Higher, Q3(c)(iii) (2 marks): Carbon makes a greater range of different compounds than any other element. Which two statements explain why? Tick (3) two boxes. Carbon has a total of four ele
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q1(c) (2 marks): A chlorine atom has seven electrons in its outer shell. Complete the ‘dot and cross’ diagram for an HCl molecule. You only need to show outer-shell electrons. C
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q2(a)(i) (2 marks): What do the ‘sticks’ show? Put a ring around the two correct answers. covalent bonds intermolecular forces ionic bonds shared electrons [2]
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q2(a)(ii) (1 mark): Which statement is correct about the model of butane shown in Fig. 2.1? Tick (3) one box. It shows how the electrons are arranged. It shows the shape of the mol
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q11(a)(i) (1 mark): Fig. 11.1 shows the structure of diamond: Fig. 11.1 Explain why diamond has a high melting point. [1]
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q11(a)(ii) (2 marks): Fig. 11.2 shows the structure of graphite. Graphite also has a high melting point. Fig. 11.2 Describe and explain two other properties of graphite. Use the stru
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q11(b) (2 marks): Diamond has a high density. 1.0 g of diamond has a volume of 0.29 cm3. Calculate the mass of 1.0 cm3 of diamond. Give your answer to 2 significant figures. Mass
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q11(c)(ii) (2 marks): Jane makes some statements about graphite and diamond: 1 ‘Complete combustion of 12 g of graphite produces less than 44 g of CO2.’ 2 ‘This is because atoms in g
June 2019, Paper 2 Foundation, Q7 (6 marks): 7* Ice (solid water) and common salt (sodium chloride) are solids with different melting points. Melting point (°C) ice 0 salt 800 The diagrams show what happen
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q1(a)(i) (1 mark): Fig. 1.1 shows the structure of diamond: Fig. 1.1 Explain why diamond has a high melting point. [1]
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q1(a)(ii) (2 marks): Fig. 1.2 shows the structure of graphite. Graphite also has a high melting point. Fig. 1.2 Describe and explain two other properties of graphite. Use the struct
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q1(b) (2 marks): Diamond has a high density. 1.0 g of diamond has a volume of 0.29 cm3. Calculate the mass of 1.0 cm3 of diamond. Give your answer to 2 significant figures. Mass
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q1(c)(ii) (2 marks): Jane makes some statements about graphite and diamond: 1 ‘Complete combustion of 12 g of graphite produces less than 44 g of CO2.’ 2 ‘This is because atoms in g
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q3(a)(i) (1 mark): Butane is a hydrocarbon. Draw a ‘dot and cross’ diagram for a butane molecule. [1]
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q3(a)(ii) (2 marks): Chemists use ‘ball and stick’ models and ‘dot and cross’ diagrams. Give one advantage of using each model. ‘ball and stick’ ‘dot-and cross’ [2]
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q3(c) (2 marks): Propane is another hydrocarbon. Butane, C4H10, boils at 0 °C. Propane, C3H8, boils at −42 °C. Explain this difference in boiling point. Use ideas about intermol
June 2019, Paper 4 Higher, Q7 (6 marks): 7* Li is planning a presentation on sodium chloride. She looks for a diagram to show the bonding, structure, movement and arrangement of particles in solid sodi
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q1(c) (3 marks): Here is a model of a molecule of carbon dioxide. Draw lines to link parts of this model to the correct labels. Some of the labels are incorrect. Carbon atom Dou
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q9(b) (2 marks): Which of polymers, A, B and C, has the weakest intermolecular forces? Give a reason for your answer. Polymer Reason [2]
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10(c)(ii) (1 mark): Explain why CH3 cannot be the molecular formula of compound A. [1]
June 2018, Paper 2 Foundation, Q1(a) (2 marks): Complete Table 1.1 by filling in the state for graphite and carbon dioxide. [2]
June 2018, Paper 2 Foundation, Q1(c) (2 marks): Diamond and graphite have giant covalent structures. Carbon dioxide has a simple covalent structure. Explain how the diagrams of their structures show that thes
June 2018, Paper 3 Higher, Q3(b) (2 marks): Which of polymers A, B and C, has the weakest intermolecular forces? Give a reason for your answer. Polymer Reason [2]
June 2018, Paper 4 Higher, Q5(a) (2 marks): The structures of diamond and carbon dioxide are different, but the bonds are similar. Write down some similarities between the bonds in diamond and carbon diox
June 2018, Paper 4 Higher, Q5(b) (3 marks): Explain why diamond is a solid and carbon dioxide is a gas at room temperature and pressure. [3]
June 2018, Paper 4 Higher, Q5(c) (2 marks): Diamond is an allotrope of carbon. Graphite is another allotrope of carbon. Graphite Carbon dioxide is not an allotrope of carbon. Explain why diamond and graph

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