plumiHow are chemicals made on an industrial scale?: OCR GCSE Chemistry B questions
Every OCR GCSE Chemistry B exam question on C6.4 How are chemicals made on an industrial scale?, 2018–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.
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Q5(a)
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Q5(b)(i)
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The whole paper ↗Q5(e)
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Q6(c)(i)
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Q5(b)
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Q6(c)(ii)
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The whole paper ↗Q10(a)
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Q10(b)(i)
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All 69 questions on How are chemicals made on an industrial scale?, as a list
- June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(a) (1 mark): Predict when the first synthetic fertiliser became available. Use the graph. [1]
- June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(b)(i) (2 marks): How many people could be fed with food grown using only natural fertilisers in 1900 and 2020. Use the graph. Number of people that could be fed using only natur
- June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(b)(ii) (3 marks): Calculate the percentage increase in the number of people that can be fed using only natural fertilisers between 1900 and 2020. Give your answer to 1 decimal pl
- June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(c) (2 marks): A student looks at the graph and has this idea: ‘The total amount of food that can be grown using both natural and synthetic fertilisers in 2020 is enough to fe
- June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(d) (2 marks): Making and using synthetic fertilisers has both costs and benefits. Which statements about making and using synthetic fertilisers are a benefit and which are a
- June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(e) (2 marks): Most synthetic fertilisers contain three essential elements. One essential element is nitrogen. Which two other essential elements do fertilisers contain? Tick
- June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q6(b)(ii) (2 marks): Calculate the atom economy of the reaction. Use: • data from the table above the formula: atom economy = total mass of hydrogen in equation • total mass of all
- June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q6(c)(i) (2 marks): Which two statements give benefits of using the carbon dioxide in another process? Tick (✓) two boxes. Hydrogen and carbon dioxide are easy to separate. Less en
- June 2025, Paper 4 Higher, Q5(a) (2 marks): Which statements about fertilisers are true and which are false? Tick (✓) one box in each row. True False Ammonia is added to fertilisers to provide potassium a
- June 2025, Paper 4 Higher, Q5(b) (6 marks): Nitrogen and hydrogen react together to make ammonia in the Haber process. Ammonia is used in fertilisers. (b)* The diagram shows a flow chart for the substance
- June 2025, Paper 4 Higher, Q6(b) (2 marks): Equation 1 shows the reaction of methane with steam which is used in industry to manufacture hydrogen. Equation 1 CH4 + 2H2O 4H2 + CO2 The carbon dioxide produc
- June 2025, Paper 4 Higher, Q6(c)(ii) (4 marks): Calculate the atom economy of the reaction of methane with steam to make hydrogen. Use: • Equation 1: CH4 + 2H2O 4H2 + CO2 • the data from Table 6.1. Give your
- June 2025, Paper 4 Higher, Q6(d) (2 marks): Scientists did some experiments and collected data about the yield of the products made when 1000 kg of methane reacts with steam. Table 6.2 shows the data they
- June 2025, Paper 4 Higher, Q6(e)(ii) (1 mark): Explain how Equation 2 shows that the atom economy of the reaction to make methanol is not 100%. [1]
- June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10(a) (2 marks): Nitrogen is one essential plant nutrient element. Name two other essential plant nutrient elements. 1 2 [2]
- June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10(b)(i) (1 mark): State one disadvantage of the over-use of synthetic fertilisers. [1]
- June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10(b)(ii) (1 mark): Suggest why farmers still use synthetic fertilisers despite their disadvantages. [1]
- June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(a)(i) (1 mark): Which method can be used to separate aqueous ammonium sulfate from the mixture left at the end of the reaction. Put a ring around the correct option. Distillati
- June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(a)(ii) (2 marks): Explain the difference between what happens to by-products and waste products from industrial processes. [2]
- June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(c)(i) (1 mark): State one advantage of using continuous processes in industry. [1]
- June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q5(c)(ii) (1 mark): State one advantage of making chemicals in the laboratory in batches. [1]
- June 2024, Paper 3 Higher, Q1(a) (2 marks): Nitrogen is one essential plant nutrient element. Name two other essential plant nutrient elements. 1 2 [2]
- June 2024, Paper 3 Higher, Q1(b)(i) (1 mark): State one disadvantage of the over-use of synthetic fertilisers. [1]
- June 2024, Paper 3 Higher, Q1(b)(ii) (1 mark): Suggest why farmers still use synthetic fertilisers despite their disadvantages. [1]
- June 2024, Paper 3 Higher, Q1(c) (4 marks): An example of a synthetic fertiliser is ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3. Ammonium nitrate is produced when ammonium hydroxide, NH4OH, reacts with nitric acid, HNO3. NH
- June 2024, Paper 4 Higher, Q11(a) (2 marks): Ammonium sulfate, (NH4)2SO4, is made in an industrial process for use as a fertiliser. Aqueous ammonium carbonate reacts with excess solid calcium sulfate. (NH4
- June 2024, Paper 4 Higher, Q11(c) (2 marks): Which statements about industrial processes and laboratory reactions are true and which are false? Tick (3) one box in each row. True False Industrial processes
- June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q8(a) (2 marks): Which two statements explain why the atom economy of this reaction is 100%? Tick (3) two boxes. All of the atoms in nitrogen and hydrogen are used to make ammon
- June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q8(b)(i) (1 mark): Fertiliser from fields can get into rivers. How does this cause a risk to the environment? [1]
- June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q8(b)(ii) (1 mark): Give one benefit of using fertilisers. [1]
- June 2023, Paper 3 Higher, Q9(c) (2 marks): The industrial company use a pressure of only 200 kPa. Explain why a higher pressure is not used. [2]
- June 2023, Paper 4 Higher, Q8(a) (2 marks): What is the atom economy of this reaction? Explain your answer. Atom economy = % Explanation [2]
- June 2023, Paper 4 Higher, Q8(c) (2 marks): The reaction used to make ammonia takes place in a reactor. Unreacted nitrogen and hydrogen left at the end of the reaction are recycled back into the reactor.
- June 2023, Paper 4 Higher, Q8(d) (6 marks): Ammonia is made on an industrial scale in a reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen. The equation to make ammonia is shown. N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) (d)* The graph
- June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q9(b) (2 marks): An ammonia factory tests a new reactor. The table shows the theoretical yield and actual yield for a process in the new reactor. Theoretical yield (tonnes) 150
- June 2022, Paper 4 Higher, Q2(c)(i) (1 mark): Bubbles of ammonia gas enter the water but no gas collects in the test-tube. What happens to the ammonia gas when it enters the water? [1]
- June 2022, Paper 4 Higher, Q2(c)(ii) (1 mark): Which apparatus should Kofi use to collect ammonia? Tick (3) one box. burette gas syringe measuring cylinder volumetric flask [1]
- November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q7(a)(ii) (1 mark): Potassium is an element. It is an essential nutrient for plants. Name one other element that is an essential nutrient for plants. [1]
- November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q8(e)(i) (3 marks): Some relative formula masses are given in the table. Formula Ti O2 TiO2 Relative formula mass 47.9 32.0 79.9 Calculate the atom economy for Method 2. Use the da
- November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q8(e)(ii) (2 marks): Look at the equations again for Method 1 and Method 2. Method 1: 2Mg + TiO2 Ti + 2MgO Method 2: TiO2 Ti + O2 Explain why Method 2 has a higher atom economy than
- November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q9(a) (3 marks): Ammonia is manufactured in the Haber process. N2 + 3H2 2NH3 Which statements about this reaction are true and which are false? Tick (3) one box in each row. Tru
- November 2020, Paper 3 Higher, Q9(b)(ii) (1 mark): Suggest one disadvantage of using a temperature of 350 °C rather than 450 °C in the Haber process. [1]
- November 2020, Paper 3 Higher, Q9(d) (1 mark): Ammonium sulfate can be mixed with other substances to make compound fertilisers. Suggest why compound fertilisers are better for farmers than pure ammonium sul
- November 2020, Paper 3 Higher, Q11(c)(i) (1 mark): What does atom economy tell us about a reaction? [1]
- November 2020, Paper 3 Higher, Q11(c)(ii) (3 marks): Calculate the atom economy of Method 2. Give your answer to 2 significant figures. Atom economy = % [3]
- November 2020, Paper 3 Higher, Q11(c)(iii) (1 mark): Explain, without further calculation, which method has the higher atom economy. [1]
- November 2020, Paper 3 Higher, Q11(c)(iv) (3 marks): Jamal and Mia discuss atom economy. The method with the higher atom economy is more environmentally friendly. It’s not possible to say. Jamal Mia Evaluate Jamal
- November 2020, Paper 4 Higher, Q7(c) (1 mark): Some fertilisers contain more than one compound mixed together. Which two compounds, when mixed together, contain the three elements nitrogen, phosphorus and po
- June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q10(b) (1 mark): The NO then reacts with air and water to form nitric acid. Nitric acid is an ingredient used to make fertilisers. Why is nitric acid not used as a fertiliser on
- June 2019, Paper 2 Foundation, Q6(a) (2 marks): In process 1, the reactor reaches 60 °C without being heated. Explain why the reactor keeps hot without being heated. [2]
- June 2019, Paper 2 Foundation, Q6(b) (2 marks): Suggest one advantage of using process 2 to make ammonium sulfate, rather than the other two processes. [2]
- June 2019, Paper 2 Foundation, Q6(c) (2 marks): Use the equations in the table to explain why the atom economies of the processes are different. [2]
- June 2019, Paper 2 Foundation, Q6(d)(ii) (2 marks): Ammonium sulfate is made in the laboratory in a batch process. The processes that make ammonium sulfate in industry are continuous processes. Describe the diffe
- June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q10(b) (2 marks): Which two statements about the Haber Process are correct? Tick (3) two boxes. Nitrogen is the most expensive raw material. Hydrogen is made from natural gas and
- June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q10(c) (3 marks): In the Haber process a temperature of 450 °C is often used. Nina says, ‘The Haber process should be run at a lower temperature. More ammonia is produced per day
- June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q10(d) (2 marks): Jamal, another student, says, ‘Fertilisers that contain ammonium compounds should be banned.’ Give one argument for and one argument against these types of fert
- June 2019, Paper 4 Higher, Q6(a) (3 marks): Both process 1 and process 2 are exothermic. Explain why an exothermic reaction has a positive effect on how each process works. [3]
- June 2019, Paper 4 Higher, Q6(b) (2 marks): Process 1 and process 3 both need to go through further separation after the main reactions. How can pure, solid ammonium sulfate be separated from the reaction
- June 2019, Paper 4 Higher, Q6(c) (3 marks): Use relative formula masses to calculate the atom economy of process 3. Give your answer to 1 decimal place. Atom economy = % [3]
- June 2019, Paper 4 Higher, Q6(d)(i) (1 mark): Explain what sustainability means. [1]
- June 2019, Paper 4 Higher, Q6(d)(ii) (2 marks): Give two examples from Table 6.1 to explain why some processes are more sustainable than others. [2]
- June 2019, Paper 4 Higher, Q6(e) (2 marks): Process 3 can be carried out as a batch process in the laboratory. In industry, process 3 is carried out as a continuous process. Explain why batch processes ar
- June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q3(a)(ii) (1 mark): Plants need one of the elements in ammonium sulfate to grow faster. Write down the name of this element. [1]
- June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q3(b)(i) (1 mark): Suggest one reason, other than cost, why some farmers use manure rather than ammonium sulfate as a fertiliser. [1]
- June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q3(b)(ii) (1 mark): Suggest one reason, other than cost, why some farmers use ammonium sulfate rather than manure as a fertiliser. [1]
- June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q13(b) (4 marks): Calculate the atom economy for the production of carbon dioxide in this reaction. Use the formula: atom economy = mass of atoms in desired product total mass of
- June 2018, Paper 3 Higher, Q2(b) (4 marks): Calculate the atom economy for the production of carbon dioxide in this reaction. Use the formula: atom economy = mass of atoms in desired product total mass of
- June 2018, Paper 3 Higher, Q7(b)(i) (1 mark): Suggest a use for these compounds. [1]
- June 2018, Paper 3 Higher, Q7(c) (3 marks): There are several ways of making nitrogen compounds from nitrogen gas in industry. Give two reasons why scientists may choose this reaction and one against. Rea
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