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Hydrocarbons: Eduqas A‑Level Chemistry questions

Every Eduqas A-Level Chemistry exam question on C3.2 Hydrocarbons, 2016–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

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1,513 questions

  1. Q2(b)

    June 2025 · Component 2

    1 markC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Component 2, question 2(b): Benzene and chlorine react together in the presence of ultraviolet light to produce chlorinated cyclohexadiene derivatives. The first stage of this reaction is

  2. Q10(a)(i)

    June 2025 · Component 2

    1 markC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Component 2, question 10(a)(i): State the name of the mechanism occurring during this reaction. [1]

  3. Q10(a)(ii)

    June 2025 · Component 2

    1 markC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Component 2, question 10(a)(ii): Explain why 2-bromohexane is the major product of this reaction. [1]

  4. Q10(b)(i)

    June 2025 · Component 2

    1 markC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Component 2, question 10(b)(i): Suggest why this reaction produces two products in roughly equal proportions unlike the reaction in part (a). [1]

  5. Q10(c)(i)

    June 2025 · Component 2

    2 marksC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Component 2, question 10(c)(i): Ozone can be used in analysis to find the position of a carbon-carbon double bond in a compound. In the reaction, the double bond is broken, giving aldehydes an

  6. Q3

    June 2025 · AS Component 2

    1 markC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Component 2, question 3: Name the alkene monomer that can be polymerised to give the following polymer. [1] CH3 Cl C C H CH2CH2CH3 n

  7. Q11(a)(i)

    June 2025 · AS Component 2

    8 marksC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Component 2, question 11(a)(i): Use the information to deduce possible identities for each isomer. Explain your reasoning. [8]

  8. Q11(a)(ii)

    June 2025 · AS Component 2

    1 markC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Component 2, question 11(a)(ii): Name the catalyst in the reaction between isomers A and B and hydrogen. [1]

  9. Q11(a)(iii)

    June 2025 · AS Component 2

    1 markC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Component 2, question 11(a)(iii): Classify the reaction mechanism when isomers D and E react with hydrogen bromide. [1]

  10. Q11(b)(ii)

    June 2025 · AS Component 2

    1 markC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Component 2, question 11(b)(ii): Suggest why the bottle of hexane is kept in a metal storage cupboard. [1]

  11. Q1(b)

    June 2024 · Component 2

    1 markC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Component 2, question 1(b): Give the equation for the complete combustion of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane. [1]

  12. Q4

    June 2024 · Component 2

    1 markC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Component 2, question 4: The formula of a section of an addition polymer is shown below. CN CN CN CH2 CH CH2 CH CH2 CH State the name of the monomer that can produce this polymer. [1]

  13. Q7(e)(iii)

    June 2024 · Component 2

    5 marksC3.2 HydrocarbonsC3.3 Halogenoalkanes
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Component 2, question 7(e)(iii): One method to prepare malic acid from maleic acid is shown in the reaction sequence below. COO–Na+ H COOH H COOH H H COOH excess C HBr C H NaOH(aq) C H HCI(aq)

  14. Q8(c)

    June 2024 · Component 2

    2 marksC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Component 2, question 8(c): A sample of ethylbenzene is contaminated with phenylethene. Give a test that would confirm the presence of phenylethene in this sample. State the reagent used a

  15. Q9(b)

    June 2024 · Component 2

    2 marksC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Component 2, question 9(b): The radical chlorination of butane produces 2-chlorobutane as one of the products. One stage in this reaction is the formation of the 2-butyl radical. Complete

  16. Q9(c)(i)

    June 2024 · Component 2

    1 markC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Component 2, question 9(c)(i): State the name of the mechanism occurring in route 1 [1]

  17. Q9(c)(iii)

    June 2024 · Component 2

    1 markC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Component 2, question 9(c)(iii): Suggest why route 2 may give a higher yield of 2-chlorobutane than route 1 [1]

  18. Q9(d)(ii)

    June 2024 · Component 2

    1 markC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Component 2, question 9(d)(ii): Explain why compound T cannot be cycloheptane, despite it containing the correct percentages of carbon and hydrogen by mass. [1]

  19. Q9(d)(iii)

    June 2024 · Component 2

    2 marksC3.2 HydrocarbonsOA2.2 Aldehydes and ketones
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Component 2, question 9(d)(iii): Ozonolysis of compound T produced two different ketones. Explain what can be deduced about the structure of compound T from this statement. [2]

  20. Q9(d)(vi)

    June 2024 · Component 2

    2 marksC3.2 Hydrocarbons
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2024 Component 2, question 9(d)(vi): Use your answers to parts (i)-(v) to suggest a structure for compound T. [2]
All 88 questions on Hydrocarbons, as a list
  1. June 2025, Component 2, Q2(b) (1 mark): Benzene and chlorine react together in the presence of ultraviolet light to produce chlorinated cyclohexadiene derivatives. The first stage of this reaction is
  2. June 2025, Component 2, Q10(a)(i) (1 mark): State the name of the mechanism occurring during this reaction. [1]
  3. June 2025, Component 2, Q10(a)(ii) (1 mark): Explain why 2-bromohexane is the major product of this reaction. [1]
  4. June 2025, Component 2, Q10(b)(i) (1 mark): Suggest why this reaction produces two products in roughly equal proportions unlike the reaction in part (a). [1]
  5. June 2025, Component 2, Q10(c)(i) (2 marks): Ozone can be used in analysis to find the position of a carbon-carbon double bond in a compound. In the reaction, the double bond is broken, giving aldehydes an
  6. June 2025, AS Component 2, Q3 (1 mark): Name the alkene monomer that can be polymerised to give the following polymer. [1] CH3 Cl C C H CH2CH2CH3 n
  7. June 2025, AS Component 2, Q11(a)(i) (8 marks): Use the information to deduce possible identities for each isomer. Explain your reasoning. [8]
  8. June 2025, AS Component 2, Q11(a)(ii) (1 mark): Name the catalyst in the reaction between isomers A and B and hydrogen. [1]
  9. June 2025, AS Component 2, Q11(a)(iii) (1 mark): Classify the reaction mechanism when isomers D and E react with hydrogen bromide. [1]
  10. June 2025, AS Component 2, Q11(b)(ii) (1 mark): Suggest why the bottle of hexane is kept in a metal storage cupboard. [1]
  11. June 2024, Component 2, Q1(b) (1 mark): Give the equation for the complete combustion of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane. [1]
  12. June 2024, Component 2, Q4 (1 mark): The formula of a section of an addition polymer is shown below. CN CN CN CH2 CH CH2 CH CH2 CH State the name of the monomer that can produce this polymer. [1]
  13. June 2024, Component 2, Q7(e)(iii) (5 marks): One method to prepare malic acid from maleic acid is shown in the reaction sequence below. COO–Na+ H COOH H COOH H H COOH excess C HBr C H NaOH(aq) C H HCI(aq)
  14. June 2024, Component 2, Q8(c) (2 marks): A sample of ethylbenzene is contaminated with phenylethene. Give a test that would confirm the presence of phenylethene in this sample. State the reagent used a
  15. June 2024, Component 2, Q9(b) (2 marks): The radical chlorination of butane produces 2-chlorobutane as one of the products. One stage in this reaction is the formation of the 2-butyl radical. Complete
  16. June 2024, Component 2, Q9(c)(i) (1 mark): State the name of the mechanism occurring in route 1 [1]
  17. June 2024, Component 2, Q9(c)(iii) (1 mark): Suggest why route 2 may give a higher yield of 2-chlorobutane than route 1 [1]
  18. June 2024, Component 2, Q9(d)(ii) (1 mark): Explain why compound T cannot be cycloheptane, despite it containing the correct percentages of carbon and hydrogen by mass. [1]
  19. June 2024, Component 2, Q9(d)(iii) (2 marks): Ozonolysis of compound T produced two different ketones. Explain what can be deduced about the structure of compound T from this statement. [2]
  20. June 2024, Component 2, Q9(d)(vi) (2 marks): Use your answers to parts (i)-(v) to suggest a structure for compound T. [2]
  21. June 2024, Component 2, Q10(c) (1 mark): Ethenyl ethanoate is the starting material for the manufacture of the addition polymer PVA, which is the main constituent of wood glue. O C O CH CH2 H3C Draw th
  22. June 2024, AS Component 2, Q2(a) (1 mark): Name the alkene monomer that can be polymerised to give [1] CH2CH3 CH3 C C H H n
  23. June 2024, AS Component 2, Q2(b) (1 mark): New polymers are being made that are biodegradable. Give an advantage of biodegradable polymers. [1]
  24. June 2024, AS Component 2, Q5(b) (2 marks): Describe a test to show that the compound is unsaturated. Give the reagent(s) used and the expected observation. [2]
  25. June 2024, AS Component 2, Q7(a)(i) (1 mark): Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of heptane. [1]
  26. June 2024, AS Component 2, Q7(a)(iv) (1 mark): Decane can be cracked to form ethene and only one other molecule. Write a balanced equation for this reaction. [1]
  27. June 2024, AS Component 2, Q7(b)(i) (3 marks): Draw the mechanism for the reaction of propene with hydrogen bromide to show the formation of the major product. [3]
  28. June 2024, AS Component 2, Q7(b)(ii) (2 marks): A student said that “the reaction between butene and hydrogen bromide also gives a major product and a minor product”. Explain, with reference to the reaction m
  29. Autumn 2021, Component 2, Q7(e)(ii) (2 marks): Compound L reacts with hydrogen to give a saturated ketone, compound M. I. Suggest the type of reaction mechanism occurring in this hydrogenation. [1] II. The
  30. Autumn 2021, Component 2, Q9(b)(ii) (1 mark): Explain why 1,3-diphenylpropene can exist as E-Z isomers. [1]
  31. Autumn 2021, Component 2, Q9(b)(iii) (1 mark): Give the formula of the repeating section of the polymer that can be obtained from 1,3-diphenylpropene. [1]
  32. Autumn 2020, Component 2, Q7(f) (2 marks): Alkanes react with chlorine in a radical reaction. For example C5H12 + Cl2 C5H11CI + HCI Deduce the structure of an isomer of formula C5H12 which will give only
  33. Autumn 2020, Component 2, Q9(e)(i) (2 marks): The starting point for the preparation of the polyester is 1,6-dichlorohexane. David said that this could be prepared by reacting hexa-1,5-diene with hydrogen c
  34. Autumn 2020, AS Component 2, Q2(c) (2 marks): oils of many plants. It has the structure shown below. CH3 CH2 CH3 C CH CH2 CH2 C CH CH2 Describe a test to show that myrcene contains C C double bonds. (c) [2]
  35. Autumn 2020, AS Component 2, Q3 (1 mark): Name an element that contaminates many hydrocarbon fuels and that burns to form an oxide that contributes to acid rain. [1]
  36. Autumn 2020, AS Component 2, Q4 (1 mark): The polymer PMMA which is used in aeroplane windows and skylights is formed from the monomer methyl methacrylate. CH2 C(CH3)CO2CH3 Draw the repeat unit of this
  37. Autumn 2020, AS Component 2, Q8(c)(i) (1 mark): Classify the reaction mechanism. [1]
  38. Autumn 2020, AS Component 2, Q8(c)(ii) (2 marks): Explain why 2-bromo-2-methylbutane is the major product of this reaction. [2]
  39. Autumn 2020, AS Component 2, Q8(c)(iii) (3 marks): Draw the mechanism for the formation of 2-bromo-2-methylbutane. [3]
  40. Autumn 2020, AS Component 2, Q8(d)(iii) (1 mark): Circle the isomer which exhibits E-Z isomerism. Explain your choice. [1]
  41. June 2019, Component 2, Q8(a)(i) (1 mark): Give the equation for the reaction of methylpropane, (CH3)3CH, with chlorine, giving 2-chloro-2-methylpropane as one of the products. Your answer should show th
  42. June 2019, Component 2, Q8(a)(ii) (1 mark): The chlorination of methylpropane also produces a number of polychlorinated alkanes. State how these polychlorinated products are formed. [1]
  43. June 2019, Component 2, Q8(a)(iii) (1 mark): The formula of methylpropane shows that 9 of the 10 hydrogen atoms are equivalent and therefore there is a greater chance of 1-chloro-2-methylpropane being the
  44. June 2019, Component 2, Q8(a)(v) (1 mark): Methylpropane is replacing CFCs as a domestic refrigerant. While this material is seen as more environmentally friendly, it is very flammable. Give the equation
  45. June 2019, Component 2, Q11(a)(i) (1 mark): Naphtha, obtained from crude oil (petroleum) contains hexane. Write the equation for the conversion (reforming) of hexane into benzene and hydrogen. [1]
  46. June 2019, Component 2, Q11(b)(i) (4 marks): 4.31 dm3 of hydrogen, measured at 312 K and at a pressure of 1.01 × 105 Pa, was needed to completely react with 8.29 g of ectocarpene to produce compound G. H3C
  47. June 2019, Component 2, Q13(c)(ii) (4 marks): Navenone C is a similar compound. H H H H O C C C C C C C C C CH3 HO H H H H This compound reacts with hydrogen bromide and with bromine. I. State what is seen
  48. June 2019, Component 3, Q5(d)(iv) (1 mark): Give a chemical test which gives a positive result for compound H but not for compounds B, I and J. [1] Reagent(s) ……… Observation(s) …
  49. June 2019, AS Component 2, Q1 (1 mark): Draw the structure of a hydrocarbon that has five carbon atoms and exhibits E-Z isomerism. [1]
  50. June 2019, AS Component 2, Q2 (1 mark): Draw the repeat unit of the polymer formed from the monomer CH3CHCH2. [1]
  51. June 2019, AS Component 2, Q6 (1 mark): Name two compounds formed during the incomplete combustion of propane. [1]
  52. June 2019, AS Component 2, Q8(b)(i) (1 mark): Name the type of reaction mechanism taking place. [1]
  53. June 2019, AS Component 2, Q8(b)(ii) (2 marks): Explain why butane can also form during this reaction. [2]
  54. June 2019, AS Component 2, Q8(c)(i) (2 marks): Identify the products. [2]
  55. June 2019, AS Component 2, Q8(c)(ii) (1 mark): State and explain which of the two products is more likely to be formed. [1]
  56. June 2018, Component 2, Q1 (1 mark): Give the name of the monomer that is used to produce the polymer shown below. [1] Cl H C C Cl H n
  57. June 2018, Component 2, Q11(b)(iii) (2 marks): The final stage involves catalytic hydrogenation. One method of carrying this out is to dissolve the alkene in a suitable solvent and react it with hydrogen at
  58. June 2018, Component 2, Q11(b)(iv) (1 mark): One solvent that can be used for the hydrogenation described in (iii) above is hexane. The boiling temperatures of pentane and hexane are 35 °C and 69 °C respec
  59. June 2018, Component 2, Q11(b)(v) (4 marks): The boiling temperatures of some alkanes are shown in the table. Alkane Boiling temperature / °C 2,2-dimethylpropane 9 2-methylbutane 28 pentane 35 2,2-dimethyl
  60. June 2018, Component 2, Q11(b)(vi) (2 marks): A radical reaction occurs when alkanes are reacted with chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet light. For example in the chlorination of butane. CH3CH2CH2CH2Cl
  61. June 2018, Component 2, Q12(a) (2 marks): At room temperature propene reacts with chlorine by electrophilic addition. Complete the mechanism for this reaction. [2] H H H H H H C C H C C H C C CH3 H CH3
  62. June 2018, Component 2, Q12(b) (2 marks): At 500 °C propene reacts with chlorine via a radical mechanism to give 3-chloropropene together with hydrogen chloride. H H C C H CH2CI 3-chloropropene Describe
  63. June 2018, Component 2, Q13(d)(i) (1 mark): The addition of hydrogen bromide to undec-10-enoic acid would give 10-bromoundecanoic acid as the major product. Explain why this is the case. [1]
  64. June 2018, AS Component 2, Q2(a) (1 mark): Draw the skeletal formula for Z-but-2-ene. [1]
  65. June 2018, AS Component 2, Q2(b) (2 marks): Explain why but-2-ene can form E- and Z- isomers but but-1-ene cannot. [2]
  66. June 2018, AS Component 2, Q4 (1 mark): Name the alkene monomer that can be polymerised to give the following polymer. [1] H CH3 C C H CH2CH3 n
  67. June 2018, AS Component 2, Q7(a) (2 marks): Alkanes are derived from petroleum and many are used as fuels. Some of the compounds found in petroleum contain sulfur. State and explain one reason why sulfur
  68. June 2018, AS Component 2, Q7(c)(i) (1 mark): Name the type of reaction mechanism which occurs in this case. [1]
  69. June 2018, AS Component 2, Q7(c)(ii) (4 marks): Write the mechanism for this reaction to form chloromethane. Include one termination step. [4]
  70. June 2018, AS Component 2, Q8(b)(iii) (2 marks): Draw the structure of an organic product formed when geraniol reacts with I. Br2 [1] II. CH3COOH in the presence of sulfuric acid [1]
  71. June 2017, Component 2, Q1 (2 marks): Ethane reacts with chlorine by free radical substitution. Explain why ultraviolet light is needed for this reaction and give an equation for the formation of ch
  72. June 2017, Component 2, Q9(c)(i) (3 marks): In an experiment 4.08 g of limonene just removed the colour from 9.58 g of bromine. Use this information to calculate the relative molecular mass of limonene. [
  73. June 2017, Component 2, Q9(c)(ii) (2 marks): When limonene reacts completely with hydrogen under suitable conditions, menthane is produced. Use information from the question and your answer to part (i) to
  74. June 2017, Component 2, Q12(b)(ii) (1 mark): Suggest suitable reagent(s) that can be used to convert DDE into DDD. [1]
  75. June 2017, Component 3, Q4(a) (1 mark): Complete the risk assessment for step 1 given below. [1] Hazard Risk Control measure Reaction must be carried out in the fume cupboard. Wear eye protection and
  76. June 2017, Component 3, Q4(b)(iii) (5 marks): Determine the molecular formula of the alkene and hence suggest its structural formula and name. Show your reasoning. [5] Structural formula Name
  77. June 2017, AS Component 2, Q1(b) (1 mark): An example of a cracking reaction is decane being broken down. When decane is cracked propene and one other product is formed. Write an equation for this reacti
  78. June 2017, AS Component 2, Q2 (1 mark): Propene is used to make the important polymer polypropene. Draw the repeating unit in polypropene. [1]
  79. June 2017, AS Component 2, Q4(b) (1 mark): State what you would observe when acidified potassium manganate(VII) is added to pent-2-en-4-ol. [1]
  80. June 2017, AS Component 2, Q7(a) (4 marks): Describe the nature of the bonding in simple alkenes and explain how this governs their chemical behaviour. [4] A diagram may be used as part of your answer.
  81. June 2017, AS Component 2, Q7(b) (3 marks): State the type(s) of isomerism that exists in simple alkenes and draw the structures of all the isomeric forms of C4H8 that are alkenes. [3] Type(s) of isomeris
  82. June 2017, AS Component 2, Q7(c)(i) (3 marks): Draw the mechanism for this reaction. [3]
  83. June 2017, AS Component 2, Q7(c)(ii) (1 mark): State briefly why 2-bromopropane is the main product of this reaction. [1]
  84. June 2016, AS Component 2, Q2 (1 mark): Butane, C4H10, is used as a fuel. Write a balanced equation for its complete combustion. [1]
  85. June 2016, AS Component 2, Q5(a) (1 mark): Name a suitable catalyst for this reaction. [1]
  86. June 2016, AS Component 2, Q5(b) (1 mark): State why this type of reaction is so commercially important. [1]
  87. June 2016, AS Component 2, Q5(c) (2 marks): Describe a test to show that alkenes contain a C C double bond. Include reagents and expected observations. [2]
  88. June 2016, AS Component 2, Q7(a) (6 marks): Halogenoalkanes can be formed directly from alkanes and alkenes but the ease of formation differs greatly. Briefly outline and explain this difference by consid

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