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Oxidation of alcohols: Edexcel International A Level Chemistry questions

Edexcel International A Level Chemistry past-paper questions on 10.C.3 Oxidation of alcohols, 2019–2025, with mark schemes and examiner’s reports where available.

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  1. Q12(b)

    June 2025 · AS Unit 2

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  2. Q12(c)

    June 2025 · AS Unit 2

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  3. Q16(c)(i)

    June 2025 · AS Unit 2

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  4. Q1(b)(i)

    June 2025 · AS Unit 3

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  5. Q18(d)

    June 2025 (A) · Unit 5

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  6. Q21(d)(i)

    January 2025 · AS Unit 2

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  7. Q21(d)(ii)

    January 2025 · AS Unit 2

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  8. Q20(b)

    January 2025 · Unit 4

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  9. Q14(a)

    October 2024 · AS Unit 2

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  10. Q3(c)(i)

    October 2024 · AS Unit 3

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  11. Q17

    June 2024 (R) · AS Unit 2

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  13. Q5(c)(ii)

    June 2024 (R) · AS Unit 3

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  14. Q19

    January 2024 · AS Unit 2

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  16. The start of question 4

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  17. Q14(a)

    October 2023 · AS Unit 2

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  18. Q14(b)

    October 2023 · AS Unit 2

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  19. Q21(b)(ii)

    October 2023 · AS Unit 2

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All 61 questions on Oxidation of alcohols, as a list
  1. June 2025, AS Unit 2, Q12(b) (1 mark): Which compound can be oxidised to form a ketone? (1) A butanone B butanal C butan-2-ol D methylpropan-2-ol
  2. June 2025, AS Unit 2, Q12(c) (1 mark): Which compound forms a red precipitate when warmed with Fehling’s solution? (1) A butanone B butanal C butan-2-ol D methylpropan-2-ol Use this space for any rou
  3. June 2025, AS Unit 2, Q16(c)(i) (2 marks): Name the reagents and conditions for this conversion. (2)
  4. June 2025, AS Unit 3, Q1(b)(i) (1 mark): Give the colour change of the mixtures during heating. (1) From To
  5. June 2025 (A), Unit 5, Q18(d) (2 marks): Suggest two ways in which the maximum yield of the aldehyde in Step 4 could be obtained. (2)
  6. January 2025, AS Unit 2, Q21(d)(i) (1 mark): State the type of reaction taking place as methanol is converted into methanal. (1)
  7. January 2025, AS Unit 2, Q21(d)(ii) (4 marks): Give the reagents and conditions that are needed for this reaction in the laboratory. Include in your answer any colour change seen. (4) Reagents . Conditions C
  8. January 2025, Unit 4, Q20(b) (2 marks): Give the laboratory reagents and conditions required to convert glycolic acid, HOCH2COOH, to oxalic acid. Do not consider nitric acid. (2)
  9. October 2024, AS Unit 2, Q14(a) (1 mark): Which compound would not give a colour change when heated with acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution? (1) A propan-1-ol B propan-2-ol C propanal D propano
  10. October 2024, AS Unit 3, Q3(c)(i) (4 marks): The purified organic liquid was refluxed with acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution. A colour change was observed while refluxing. The resulting solution
  11. June 2024 (R), AS Unit 2, Q17 (1 mark): Which alcohol can be oxidised to a carboxylic acid by acidified potassium dichromate(VI)? OH A B OH C OH OH D
  12. June 2024 (R), AS Unit 2, Q20(b)(i) (3 marks): Some chemical tests were carried out on acetoin. These tests identify one of the two functional groups. Acetoin produced steamy fumes when reacted with PCl5 . A
  13. June 2024 (R), AS Unit 3, Q5(c)(ii) (5 marks): Describe how a solution of acidified potassium dichromate(VI) and subsequent chemical tests could be used to distinguish between alcohols X, Y and Z. You may as
  14. January 2024, AS Unit 2, Q19 (1 mark): What amount, in mol, of [O] is needed to convert 1 mol of pentane-1,3,5-triol into 3-oxopentanedioic acid and water? OH O OH OH HO OH O O pentane-1,3,5-triol 3-
  15. January 2024, AS Unit 3, Q1(b) (4 marks): Describe a chemical test and the expected positive result for both functional group 2 and functional group 3. (4) Functional group 2 Test Result Functional grou
  16. January 2024, AS Unit 3, Q4(b)(i) (2 marks): Explain why the reaction mixture is heated as shown, instead of heating under reflux. (2)
  17. October 2023, AS Unit 2, Q14(a) (1 mark): When propan‑2‑ol is refluxed with excess acidified potassium dichromate(VI), the product will show a peak due to (1) A O H stretching at 3750 – 3200 cm–1 B C O
  18. October 2023, AS Unit 2, Q14(b) (1 mark): When propan‑1‑ol is heated with acidified potassium dichromate(VI), the product that is distilled off as it is formed will show a peak due to (1) A O H stretchi
  19. October 2023, AS Unit 2, Q21(b)(ii) (1 mark): The propenal is then oxidised to propenoic acid. Write an equation for this reaction using [O] to represent the oxygen from the oxidising agent. (1)
  20. June 2023, AS Unit 3, Q3(a)(i) (2 marks): Explain why apparatus E is not suitable for the oxidation of butan‑1‑ol to butanoic acid. (2)
  21. June 2023, AS Unit 3, Q3(a)(iv) (1 mark): State the reaction mixture that can be used to oxidise the butan‑1‑ol to butanoic acid. (1)
  22. June 2023, AS Unit 3, Q3(a)(v) (1 mark): Give the colour change observed in the flask during this oxidation. (1) From to
  23. January 2023, AS Unit 2, Q19(c) (3 marks): Give the structure of the organic product of each reaction shown. (3) Reaction 1 K2Cr2O7 , H2SO4 OH heat under reflux Reaction 2 K2Cr2O7 , H2SO4 OH heat under r
  24. January 2023, AS Unit 3, Q4(b)(i) (2 marks): A sample of butan‑1‑ol is warmed with a solution of potassium dichromate(VI) in dilute sulfuric acid. State the colour change which would be observed. (2)
  25. January 2023, AS Unit 3, Q4(b)(ii) (1 mark): The three isomers K, L and M are warmed separately with portions of a solution of potassium dichromate(VI) in dilute sulfuric acid. No colour change is observed
  26. January 2023, AS Unit 3, Q4(b)(iii) (3 marks): The other isomers L and M are oxidised when warmed with a solution of potassium dichromate(VI) in dilute sulfuric acid. Complete the table to show the displayed
  27. October 2022, AS Unit 2, Q6 (1 mark): How many structural isomers with the molecular formula C5H10O react with Benedict’s or Fehling’s solutions? A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5
  28. October 2022, AS Unit 2, Q22(c)(i) (2 marks): Identify by name or formula the reagents needed to prepare the oxidising mixture. (2)
  29. October 2022, AS Unit 2, Q22(c)(ii) (1 mark): Write the equation for Step 1 using [O] to represent the oxygen from the oxidising agent. (1)
  30. October 2022, AS Unit 3, Q4(a) (2 marks): State the colour change seen when an alcohol is oxidised with acidified potassium dichromate(VI). (2)
  31. October 2022, AS Unit 3, Q4(c)(ii) (1 mark): State why there is no reaction when 2-methylpropan-2-ol is heated with acidified potassium dichromate(VI). (1)
  32. October 2022, AS Unit 3, Q4(c)(iii) (1 mark): Identify, by name or formula, all the possible oxidation products of propan‑1‑ol and propan‑2‑ol. (1)
  33. October 2022, AS Unit 3, Q4(c)(iv) (4 marks): Give a further chemical test and the positive result for each of the oxidation products of propan‑1‑ol. (4)
  34. October 2022, Unit 5, Q23(b)(i) (2 marks): State the reagents and conditions needed for this oxidation. (2)
  35. October 2022, Unit 5, Q23(b)(ii) (2 marks): The boiling temperature of salicylaldehyde is 197 °C. Suggest why this makes it very difficult to obtain salicylaldehyde by oxidising salicyl alcohol. . (2)
  36. June 2022, AS Unit 2, Q13 (1 mark): Which of these alcohols will produce a carboxylic acid when heated under reflux with acidified potassium dichromate(VI)? P Q OH OH R S OH OH A P only B P and Q
  37. June 2022, AS Unit 2, Q14(b) (1 mark): The reagent for Reaction 2 is acidified potassium dichromate(VI). Which equation best represents this reaction? (1) A C6H11OH → C6H10O + H2 B C6H11OH → C6H10O +
  38. January 2022, AS Unit 3, Q2(c) (3 marks): Compound X is converted into compound Y when refluxed with excess sodium dichromate(VI) in sulfuric acid. Compound Y is a liquid that is soluble in the reaction
  39. January 2022, Unit 4, Q14 (1 mark): Compound X, C4H10O, is oxidised to form compound Y. Compound Y reacts with ethanol in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid to give an ester, Z. Which of t
  40. October 2021, AS Unit 2, Q2 (1 mark): Which of these compounds does not react with acidified potassium dichromate(VI)? A CH3CH2OH B CH3CHOHCH3 C CH3CH2CHO D CH3COCH3
  41. October 2021, AS Unit 2, Q22(b) (1 mark): Suggest why this fermentation must be carried out in the absence of air. (1)
  42. June 2021, AS Unit 3, Q2(c) (2 marks): Separate samples of each of these compounds are warmed with acidified potassium dichromate(VI). Complete the table to give the colour changes observed, if any.
  43. June 2021, Unit 4, Q8(c) (1 mark): Four groups of students warmed samples of menthol with sodium dichromate(VI) in acid. They purified the reaction mixture and carried out a series of qualitative
  44. January 2021, AS Unit 2, Q19(c)(i) (1 mark): Draw the structure of Y. (1)
  45. January 2021, AS Unit 2, Q19(c)(ii) (2 marks): State the conditions needed to maximise the yield of each product. (2) Conditions for maximum yield of Y Conditions for maximum yield of ethanoic acid
  46. January 2021, Unit 4, Q17(b) (3 marks): A reaction scheme involving butanoic acid is shown. O O acidified K2Cr2O7 reagent Y alcohol X Cl OH heat under reflux butanoic acid CH3NH2 compound Z Identify X
  47. October 2020, AS Unit 2, Q17(b)(i) (2 marks): State the reagents and reaction conditions for this oxidation in the laboratory. (2)
  48. October 2020, AS Unit 2, Q17(b)(ii) (1 mark): Complete the equation to show the products of this oxidation. State symbols are not required. (1) CH3OH + [O] →
  49. October 2020, Unit 4, Q15(b) (1 mark): Which test would distinguish between 2-methylpropan-2-ol, (CH3)3COH, and butan-1-ol, CH3CH2CH2CH2OH? (1) A B C D
  50. October 2020, Unit 5, Q25(e)(ii) (4 marks): The Lanthanides The lanthanides form a series in the Periodic Table comprising the elements from lanthanum, La (Z = 57) to lutetium, Lu (Z = 71). They have impo
  51. October 2020, Unit 6, Q1(b)(ii) (1 mark): Suggest the name or formula of the organic product formed in the green mixture. (1)
  52. January 2020, AS Unit 2, Q14(b) (1 mark): Propanal and propanone can be distinguished by chemical tests. Which pair of observations is correct? (1) Observation with Observation Test propanal with propan
  53. January 2020, AS Unit 2, Q17(e) (2 marks): In the liver, enzymes oxidise some alcohols as part of the process which removes them from the body. During this process any aldehydes produced are toxic. Other
  54. January 2020, AS Unit 3, Q1(c)(i) (2 marks): Acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution was added to two test tubes each containing a different alcohol. The test tubes were placed in a warm water bath. Th
  55. June 2019, AS Unit 2, Q23(a) (1 mark): Write the balanced equation for the oxidation of propan-1-ol to form propanoic acid. Use [O] to represent the oxygen from the oxidising agent. State symbols are
  56. June 2019, AS Unit 2, Q23(b) (6 marks): Propan-1-ol is heated with a concentrated solution of acidified potassium dichromate(VI). Explain how the conditions used affect the rate of the reaction and en
  57. June 2019, AS Unit 2, Q23(c) (1 mark): A student suggested using universal indicator to check for the presence of propanoic acid formed in the reaction mixture. Give a reason why the result of this t
  58. June 2019, AS Unit 3, Q2(b)(i) (1 mark): Identify the reagent mixture that can be used to oxidise A. (1)
  59. June 2019, AS Unit 3, Q2(b)(ii) (2 marks): One student said that if A was a primary alcohol this could be shown by oxidising it to the corresponding aldehyde and testing the product. Identify which appar
  60. June 2019, AS Unit 3, Q2(b)(iv) (1 mark): State whether or not a positive result for the test in (b)(iii), together with the molecular formula, would allow the alcohol A to be identified. Justify your a
  61. June 2019, AS Unit 3, Q2(b)(v) (2 marks): Another student said that if A was a secondary alcohol this could be shown by oxidising it to the corresponding ketone. Identify which apparatus (1, 2 or 3) sho

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