Reproduction: AQA GCSE Biology questions

Every AQA GCSE Biology exam question on 4.6.1 Reproduction, 2018–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

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Q06.1
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
1 mark4.1.2 Cell division 4.6.1 Reproduction
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Q06.2
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
1 mark4.1.2 Cell division 4.6.1 Reproduction
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Q06.3
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
1 mark4.6.1 Reproduction
Mark scheme (PDF)
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Q06.4
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
1 mark4.6.1 Reproduction
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Q06.5
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
2 marks4.6.1 Reproduction 4.1.2 Cell division
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Q06.6
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
2 marks4.6.1 Reproduction
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Q06.7
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
2 marks4.6.1 Reproduction
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Q06.8
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
2 marks4.6.1 Reproduction 4.6.2 Variation and evolution
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Q08.1
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
2 marks4.6.1 Reproduction
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Q08.2
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
4 marks4.6.1 Reproduction
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Q08.3
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
4 marks4.6.1 Reproduction 4.2.2 Animal tissues, organs and organ systems
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Q08.6
June 2025 · Paper 2 Higher
2 marks4.2.2 Animal tissues, organs and organ systems 4.6.1 Reproduction
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Q01.1
June 2025 · Paper 2 Foundation
1 mark4.6.1 Reproduction
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Q01.2
June 2025 · Paper 2 Foundation
1 mark4.6.1 Reproduction
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Q01.3
June 2025 · Paper 2 Foundation
3 marks4.6.1 Reproduction
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Q01.4
June 2025 · Paper 2 Foundation
1 mark4.6.1 Reproduction
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Q01.5
June 2025 · Paper 2 Foundation
1 mark4.6.1 Reproduction
Mark scheme (PDF)
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Q01.6
June 2025 · Paper 2 Foundation
1 mark4.6.1 Reproduction
Mark scheme (PDF)
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Q01.7
June 2025 · Paper 2 Foundation
1 mark4.6.1 Reproduction
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Q03.1
June 2025 · Paper 2 Foundation
1 mark4.5.3 Hormonal coordination in humans 4.6.1 Reproduction
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All 140 questions on Reproduction, as a list

June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q06.1 (1 mark): Which cell division in Figure 5 represents mitosis? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Cell division 1 Cell division 2 Cell division 3
June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q06.2 (1 mark): Which two cells in Figure 5 are genetically identical? [1 mark] Tick () one box. A and C B and I F and J G and H
June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q06.3 (1 mark): How many chromosomes are there in cell J in Figure 5? [1 mark]
June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q06.4 (1 mark): How many of the cells C, D, E, F, G, H, I and J contain a Y chromosome? Use Figure 5. [1 mark]
June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q06.5 (2 marks): Explain why the offspring produced using runners are genetically identical. [2 marks]
June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q06.6 (2 marks): Explain why the offspring produced using flowers, fruits and seeds are not genetically identical. [2 marks]
June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q06.7 (2 marks): Describe two advantages of asexual reproduction for the survival of strawberry plants. [2 marks] 1 2
June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q06.8 (2 marks): Describe two advantages of sexual reproduction for the survival of strawberry plants. [2 marks] 1 2
June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.1 (2 marks): and 08.2, use the following symbols to represent alleles: H = dominant allele for Himalayan fur h = recessive allele for white fur. 0 8 . 1 What is the genotype
June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.2 (4 marks): Determine the probability that one of the offspring from a cross with female Himalayan rabbit B will be white. You should: • draw a Punnett square diagram • use
June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.3 (4 marks): White rabbits have one base change in the gene that codes for the enzyme tyrosinase. Explain how a change of one base in the DNA of the gene coding for tyrosina
June 2025, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.6 (2 marks): Melanin is also produced in human skin. Melanin absorbs ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight and prevents the radiation reaching deep into the skin. UV radi
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.1 (1 mark): What is a dominant allele? [1 mark] Tick () one box. An allele expressed only if a rabbit has two copies of the allele An allele expressed only if it is inheri
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.2 (1 mark): What is the genotype of a white rabbit? [1 mark] Tick () one box. HH Hh hh A male Himalayan rabbit was crossed with a female Himalayan rabbit. The male rabbit
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.3 (3 marks): Complete the Punnett square diagram in Figure 2. You should show: • the male gametes • the offspring genotypes. [3 marks] Figure 2
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.4 (1 mark): Some of the offspring in Figure 2 are homozygous and some are heterozygous. Draw a ring around the genotype of one homozygous offspring in Figure 2. [1 mark]
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.5 (1 mark): Four offspring were born. How many of the four offspring would you expect to be Himalayan rabbits? Use Figure 2. [1 mark] Tick () one box. 1 2 3 4
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.6 (1 mark): Inheritance of sex in rabbits is the same as inheritance of sex in humans. A female rabbit has two X chromosomes in each body cell. How many X chromosomes does
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.7 (1 mark): Some of the offspring in Figure 2 would be male and some of the offspring would be female. How many of the four offspring in Question 01.5 would you predict to
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.1 (1 mark): Where in the body are sperm cells produced? [1 mark]
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.2 (2 marks): How many chromosomes are there in cell A and in cell D? Choose answers from the box. [2 marks] Cell A Cell D
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.3 (1 mark): Complete the sentence. Choose the answer from the box. [1 mark] A sperm cell joins with an egg cell in a process called .
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.4 (1 mark): Meiosis produces gametes. What is the name of the male gamete in a flower? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Embryo Ovum Pollen
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.7 (1 mark): Give one advantage of reproducing sexually. [1 mark]
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.8 (1 mark): Give one advantage of reproducing asexually. [1 mark]
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q05.1 (1 mark): What are A, C, G and T called? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Bases Fatty acids Sugars
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q05.2 (1 mark): The section of DNA shown in Figure 8 contains the following sequence of these compounds: A G T A A G T A C A sequence of three compounds codes for one amino aci
June 2024, Paper 2 Higher, Q02.3 (1 mark): What substance can the sundew plant make using the phosphates? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Cellulose DNA Glycerol Starch
June 2024, Paper 2 Higher, Q06.1 (1 mark): What is a dominant allele? [1 mark] Figure 10 shows the inheritance of polydactyly in one family. Figure 10 In questions 06.2 and 06.3, use the following symbol
June 2024, Paper 2 Higher, Q06.2 (2 marks): Person 1 is heterozygous. Explain how Figure 10 shows that person 1 is heterozygous. [2 marks]
June 2024, Paper 2 Higher, Q06.3 (4 marks): Persons 6 and 7 are expecting a fourth child. A doctor states that the probability of having a child with polydactyly is 0.5 Explain how the doctor determined t
June 2024, Paper 2 Higher, Q06.4 (4 marks): Cystic fibrosis (CF) is another inherited disorder caused by a mutation. The mutation occurs in a gene called CFTR. For the CFTR gene, one allele in every 50 in
June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.1 (1 mark): to 08.3 use the following symbols to represent the alleles: R = dominant allele for round seeds r = recessive allele for wrinkled seeds. 0 8 . 1 In Figure 10, t
June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.2 (3 marks): Complete the Punnett square diagram in Figure 11. You should show: • the male gametes • the offspring genotypes. [3 marks] Figure 11
June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.3 (1 mark): use the following symbols to represent the alleles: R = dominant allele for round seeds r = recessive allele for wrinkled seeds. 0 8 . 3 Give the ratio of round
June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.4 (1 mark): Some of the offspring in Figure 11 are homozygous and some are heterozygous. What does ‘heterozygous’ mean? [1 mark]
June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q10.3 (1 mark): What substance can the sundew plant make using the phosphates? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Cellulose DNA Glycerol Starch
June 2023, Paper 1 Higher, Q05.4: The malarial protist reproduces sexually and asexually during a life cycle. Complete Table 3 to give three differences between sexual reproduction and asexual r
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q04.4 (1 mark): The malarial protist reproduces asexually. What is a feature of asexual reproduction? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Only one parent is involved. The offspring show
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q03.1 (1 mark): Suggest one advantage of growing tomato plants that are genetically different. [1 mark]
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q03.2 (1 mark): Suggest one advantage of growing tomato plants that are genetically identical. [1 mark]
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q03.5 (3 marks): Figure 4 Female Male
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q03.6 (1 mark): A female dog gave birth to six offspring. Why would you expect there to be three male offspring and three female offspring? Use your answer to Question 03.5. [1
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q07.4 (3 marks): Usually males and females both produce FSH. The woman had inherited a faulty gene for FSH production from each of her parents. The woman’s parents both produce
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q07.5 (3 marks): The woman continues to have injections of FSH. The woman has a child with a man who is heterozygous for the FSH gene. Explain why the probability that the child
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.1 (1 mark): In Figure 13, A is the first stage and F is the final stage. Stages B to E are not in the correct order. Give the correct order of stages A to F. [1 mark] A → →
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.2 (2 marks): Give the number of chromosomes in one cell in Figure 13: • at the start of meiosis • at the end of meiosis. [2 marks] Start End
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.3 (3 marks): Explain why the change in the number of chromosomes is important. [3 marks]
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.4 (2 marks): Meiosis produces cells that are genetically different. Describe how meiosis produces cells that are genetically different. [2 marks] Chromosomes contain DNA.
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.5 (1 mark): What type of substances are labelled A, C, G and T in Figure 14? [1 mark]
June 2023, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.6 (1 mark): DNA is made of nucleotides. How many nucleotides are shown in Figure 14? [1 mark]
June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q09.1 (1 mark): Suggest one advantage of growing tomato plants that are genetically different. [1 mark]
June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q09.2 (1 mark): Suggest one advantage of growing tomato plants that are genetically identical. [1 mark]
June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q09.5 (3 marks): Figure 15 Female Male
June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q09.6 (1 mark): A female dog gave birth to six offspring. Why would you expect there to be three male offspring and three female offspring? Use your answer to Question 09.5. [1
June 2022, Paper 2 Higher, Q01.1 (2 marks): Complete Table 1 to compare sexual reproduction with asexual reproduction. Write a tick ( ) in the box if the statement is true. The first row has been complete
June 2022, Paper 2 Higher, Q01.2 (1 mark): Gametes are formed in sexual reproduction. Name the male gamete formed in flowering plants. [1 mark]
June 2022, Paper 2 Higher, Q01.3 (1 mark): to 01.6. 0 1 . 3 When is the DNA in the chromosomes being copied? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Between 0 and 3 hours Between 3 and 4 hours Between 4 and 5 hours B
June 2022, Paper 2 Higher, Q01.4 (2 marks): Cells divide twice during meiosis. Which two times in Figure 1 show one cell dividing into two cells? [2 marks] Tick () two boxes. 3 hours 4 hours 5 hours 6 ho
June 2022, Paper 2 Higher, Q01.5 (1 mark): What is the mean mass of DNA in arbitrary units in a sperm cell? [1 mark] Tick () one box. 2 4 8 16
June 2022, Paper 2 Higher, Q01.6 (1 mark): What is the mean mass of DNA in arbitrary units in each cell in an embryo? [1 mark] Tick () one box. 2 4 8 16
June 2022, Paper 2 Higher, Q05.1 (1 mark): Give one piece of evidence from Figure 4 which shows that MSUD is a recessive condition. [1 mark]
June 2022, Paper 2 Higher, Q05.2 (4 marks): Persons 7 and 8 in Figure 4 are expecting a fourth child. Determine the probability that the child will have MSUD. You should: • draw a Punnett square diagram •
June 2022, Paper 2 Higher, Q05.6 (3 marks): Explain why a person with MSUD must have a low-protein diet. [3 marks]
June 2022, Paper 2 Higher, Q07.1 (1 mark): What is a mutation? [1 mark]
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.1 (1 mark): What is a recessive allele? [1 mark] Tick () one box. An allele expressed only if a person has two copies of the allele An allele expressed only if it is inher
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.2 (1 mark): The symbol is not in the key for Figure 1. What would this symbol represent? [1 mark]
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.3 (2 marks): Complete Figure 2 to show the possible genotypes of the children. Use the following symbols: N = allele for not having MSUD n = allele for MSUD [2 marks] Figure
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.4 (1 mark): What is the phenotype of a person with the genotype Nn? [1 mark]
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.5 (1 mark): What percentage of the offspring in Figure 2 will have MSUD? [1 mark] Tick () one box. 25% 50% 75% 100%
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.6 (1 mark): Which scientific term describes the allele N? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Dominant Genetic Heterozygous
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.7 (1 mark): Alleles are found in the nucleus of a cell. What chemical substance are alleles made from? [1 mark]
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.8 (1 mark): People with MSUD must eat a special diet to reduce their intake of some types of amino acid. Which component of the diet is made of amino acids? [1 mark] Tick (
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.1 (2 marks): Complete Table 4 to compare sexual reproduction with asexual reproduction. Write a tick ( ) in the box if the statement is true. The first row has been complete
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.2 (1 mark): Gametes are formed in sexual reproduction. Name the male gamete formed in flowering plants. [1 mark]
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.3 (1 mark): to 08.6. 0 8 . 3 When is the DNA in the chromosomes being copied? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Between 0 and 3 hours Between 3 and 4 hours Between 4 and 5 hours B
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.4 (2 marks): Cells divide twice during meiosis. Which two times in Figure 12 show one cell dividing into two cells? [2 marks] Tick () two boxes. 3 hours 4 hours 5 hours 6 h
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.5 (1 mark): What is the mean mass of DNA in arbitrary units in a sperm cell? [1 mark] Tick () one box. 2 4 8 16
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.6 (1 mark): What is the mean mass of DNA in arbitrary units in each cell in an embryo? [1 mark] Tick () one box. 2 4 8 16
November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q01.1 (1 mark): Name the structures inside the cell nucleus that contain DNA. [1 mark]
November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q01.2 (1 mark): Name the part of the DNA molecule labelled X. [1 mark]
November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q01.3 (1 mark): What type of substances are labelled A, C, G and T in Figure 1? [1 mark]
November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q01.4 (1 mark): 0 1 The nucleus of a cell contains DNA. Figure 2 shows another section of a DNA molecule. Figure 2 Four of the substances you named in Question 01.3 are not lab
November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q01.5 (1 mark): What is happening to the DNA in part Z of Figure 2? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Differentiation Evolution Fertilisation Replication
November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q01.6 (1 mark): A gene is a length of DNA. What type of substance does a gene code for? [1 mark]
November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q01.7 (1 mark): Most human body cells contain 6 × 10–12 grams of DNA. What mass of DNA will a human sperm cell contain? [1 mark] Tick () one box. 6 × 10–6 grams 6 × 10–12 gram
November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q01.8 (1 mark): What is the name of the type of cell division that produces sperm cells? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Binary fission Differentiation Meiosis Mitosis
November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.1 (1 mark): Give the reason why a mutation in the gene coding for haemoglobin could be harmful. [1 mark]
November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.2 (2 marks): Figure 13 shows some red blood cells from the blood of a person with sickle cell trait. Figure 13 Calculate the proportion of cells in Figure 13 that have an al
November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q08.3 (5 marks): Persons 8 and 9 in Figure 14 are expecting a second child. Determine the probability that the child will be a girl with sickle cell trait. You should: • draw a
November 2021, Paper 2 Higher, Q09.4 (1 mark): Scientists suggested that more than one gene controls beak depth. Give evidence from Figure 17 to support the scientists’ suggestion. [1 mark] Figure 18 is a ma
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q05.5 (2 marks): Complete Figure 9 to show the possible genotypes of the offspring produced. [2 marks] Figure 9
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q05.6 (1 mark): Draw a ring around one of the homozygous genotypes in Figure 9. [1 mark]
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q05.7 (1 mark): What percentage of the offspring in Figure 9 will be resistant to potato blight? [1 mark] Tick () one box. 25% 50% 75% 100%
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q05.8 (2 marks): Potatoes can also reproduce asexually. Potatoes from one plant can be planted in the ground to produce new potato plants. All the new plants from a parent plant
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.1 (1 mark): Name the structures inside the cell nucleus that contain DNA. [1 mark]
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.2 (1 mark): Name the part of the DNA molecule labelled X. [1 mark]
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.3 (1 mark): What type of substances are labelled A, C, G and T in Figure 13? [1 mark]
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.4 (1 mark): Four of the substances you named in Question 08.3 are not labelled in part Y of Figure 14. Label each of these substances with the correct letter, A, C, G or T.
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.5 (1 mark): What is happening to the DNA in part Z of Figure 14? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Differentiation Evolution Fertilisation Replication
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.6 (1 mark): A gene is a length of DNA. What type of substance does a gene code for? [1 mark]
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.7 (1 mark): Most human body cells contain 6 × 10–12 grams of DNA. What mass of DNA will a human sperm cell contain? [1 mark] Tick () one box. 6 × 10–6 grams 6 × 10–12 gram
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.8 (1 mark): What is the name of the type of cell division that produces sperm cells? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Binary fission Differentiation Meiosis Mitosis
November 2020, Paper 2 Higher, Q04.1 (1 mark): Why is DNA described as a polymer? [1 mark]
November 2020, Paper 2 Higher, Q04.2 (4 marks): Describe the structure of a nucleotide. [4 marks]
November 2020, Paper 2 Higher, Q04.3 (5 marks): The length of a DNA double helix increases by 0.34 nm for every pair of nucleotides. The total number of nucleotides in a human body cell is 1.2 × 1010. Calcula
November 2020, Paper 2 Higher, Q04.4 (1 mark): Some parts of DNA do not code for proteins. Describe how non-coding parts of DNA can affect the expression of genes. [1 mark]
November 2020, Paper 2 Higher, Q05.1 (3 marks): Describe three differences between the processes of mitosis and meiosis. [3 marks] 1 2 3
November 2020, Paper 2 Higher, Q05.2 (1 mark): Describe one similarity between the processes of mitosis and meiosis. [1 mark]
November 2020, Paper 2 Higher, Q05.3 (2 marks): Give the genotype of person 1. Explain your answer. [2 marks] Genotype
November 2020, Paper 2 Higher, Q05.4 (5 marks): Person 7 and person 8 in Figure 6 are expecting a fourth child. What is the probability of the child having Dupuytren’s? You should: • draw a Punnett square dia
November 2020, Paper 2 Higher, Q05.5 (2 marks): Explain how Figure 6 shows the allele for Dupuytren’s is not on the Y chromosome. [2 marks]
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.1 (1 mark): During meiosis a cell divides twice. How many sperm cells are formed when a cell divides by meiosis? [1 mark]
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.2 (1 mark): Human body cells contain 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in each human egg cell? [1 mark]
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.3 (1 mark): What is an allele? [1 mark] Tick () one box. A different form of a chromosome A different form of a gamete A different form of a gene
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.4 (1 mark): A man with Dupuytren’s has the genotype Dd. Which word describes the man’s genotype? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Heterozygous Homozygous Phenotype
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.5 (2 marks): Complete the genetic diagram in Figure 4 to show the possible genotypes of the child. [2 marks] Figure 4 Woman d d Man D Dd d
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.6 (1 mark): Draw a ring around the genotype of a child in Figure 4 who will have Dupuytren’s. [1 mark]
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.7 (1 mark): What is the chance of the child having Dupuytren’s? [1 mark] Tick () one box. 25% 50% 75% 100%
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q03.9 (1 mark): People with a family history of some genetic disorders are offered embryo screening. Suggest one way embryo screening can help people with a family history of a
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q07.1 (2 marks): Describe the shape of a DNA molecule. [2 marks]
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q07.2 (1 mark): DNA codes for a sequence of amino acids. Which part of DNA forms the code for a particular amino acid? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Bases Phosphates Sugars
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q07.3 (1 mark): Which substance is produced when amino acids are joined together? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Carbohydrate Fat Protein
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q07.4 (1 mark): DNA is made of repeating units. One of the units is labelled A in Figure 10. What is the name of the repeating unit labelled A? [1 mark] Tick () one box. Chrom
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q07.5 (2 marks): The DNA in one human body cell is the length of 6 000 million repeating units (part A). Each repeating unit is 0.34 nanometres (nm) long. Calculate the length o
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q07.6 (1 mark): Give your answer to Question 07.5 in metres. 1 metre = 1 × 109 nanometres [1 mark] Length = m
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q07.7 (1 mark): DNA analysis can show people which alleles they have. Patients who have certain types of cancer can be offered DNA analysis. The family of the patient can also
Specimen, Paper 2 Higher, Q07.1 (1 mark): What is Part B? [1 mark
Specimen, Paper 2 Higher, Q07.2 (1 mark): In Figure 8 the structure of DNA shows four different bases. There are four different bases and they always pair up in the same pairs. Which bases pair up toget
Specimen, Paper 2 Higher, Q07.3: The enzyme IDUA helps to break down a carbohydrate in the human body. The enzyme IDUA produced from Strand K will not work. Explain how the mutation could cause
Specimen, Paper 2 Higher, Q07.4 (5 marks): A recessive allele causes syndrome H. A heterozygous woman and a homozygous recessive man want to have a child. Draw a Punnett square diagram to determine the p
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.1: Which part in Figure 1 contains chromosomes? [1 ma Tick one box. A B C
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.2 (2 marks): Humans have pairs of chromosomes in their body cells. Draw one line from each type of cell to the number of chromosomes it contains. [2 mark 3
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.3 (1 mark): Circle a part of Figure 2 that shows an egg cell. [1 mark
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.4 (1 mark): Give the genotype of male offspring. [1 mark
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q01.5 (1 mark): A man and a woman have two sons. The woman is pregnant with a third child. What is the chance that this child will also be a boy? [1 mark Tick one box. 0% 25% 5
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.2: In the mid-20th century the structure of DNA was discovered. What is a section of DNA which codes for one specific protein called? [1 ma 9
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.3 (1 mark): How many amino acids does the strand of DNA in Figure 11 code for? [1 mark Tick one box. 2 3 4 6 30
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.4: Complete the genetic diagram in Figure 12. • Identify any children with CF. • Give the probability of any children having CF. [3 mar Each parent does not have C
Specimen, Paper 2 Foundation, Q08.5: What is the genotype of the mother shown in Figure 12? [1 ma Tick one box. Heterozygous Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive 3 3

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