plumiReactions of ions in aqueous solution: AQA A‑Level Chemistry questions
Every AQA A-Level Chemistry exam question on 3.2.6 Reactions of ions in aqueous solution, 2016–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.
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Q03.3
The whole paper ↗![June 2025 Paper 1, question 03.3: A solution of sodium carbonate is added to a blue solution containing [Cu(H2O)6]2+ ions. State what is observed. Give an equation for the reaction. [2 marks] Ob](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-jun25-03-3-qp.webp)
Q07.6
The whole paper ↗
Q03.4
The whole paper ↗![June 2024 Paper 1, question 03.4: A student adds dilute ammonia solution to a solution containing [Fe(H2O)6]2+ ions. Give the formula of the precipitate that forms. [1 mark]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-jun24-03-4-qp.webp)
Q03.5
The whole paper ↗![June 2024 Paper 1, question 03.5: The student adds sodium carbonate solution to a solution containing [Fe(H2O)6]2+ ions. State one observation the student would make. Give an equation for the re](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-jun24-03-5-qp.webp)
Q03.6
The whole paper ↗![June 2024 Paper 1, question 03.6: A solution containing [Fe(H2O)6]2+ ions changes to a yellow-brown colour after several hours in contact with air. The student adds sodium carbonate to the yello](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-jun24-03-6-qp.webp)
![June 2024 Paper 3, question 22: Aqueous aluminium sulfate is added to aqueous sodium carbonate. What are the formulas of the precipitate and the gas formed? [1 mark] A Al2(CO3)3 and SO2 B Al2(](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74053-jun24-22-qp.webp)
Q07.2
The whole paper ↗![June 2023 Paper 1, question 07.2: When anhydrous aluminium sulfate, Al2(SO4)3, is added to water a solution forms that contains the complex aluminium ion, [Al(H2O)6]3+ Give the equation for the](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-jun23-07-2-qp.webp)
Q07.3
The whole paper ↗![June 2023 Paper 1, question 07.3: Explain why the solution containing [Al(H2O)6]3+ is acidic. [2 marks]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-jun23-07-3-qp.webp)
Q07.5
The whole paper ↗![June 2023 Paper 1, question 07.5: An excess of aqueous ammonia is added to a solution containing [Al(H2O)6]3+ Give an ionic equation for the reaction and state one observation. [2 marks] Equatio](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-jun23-07-5-qp.webp)
Q07.6
The whole paper ↗![June 2023 Paper 1, question 07.6: An excess of dilute sulfuric acid is added to the products of the reaction in Question 07.5 Identify the aluminium species produced. [1 mark]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-jun23-07-6-qp.webp)
Q04.5
The whole paper ↗![November 2021 Paper 1, question 04.5: Identify A and state its colour. [2 marks] Identity Colour](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-nov21-04-5-qp.webp)
Q04.6
The whole paper ↗![November 2021 Paper 1, question 04.6: Give the formula of B and state its colour. Give an ionic equation for the reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]3+ with aqueous Na2CO3 to form B. [3 marks] Formula Colour Ioni](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-nov21-04-6-qp.webp)
Q04.7
The whole paper ↗![November 2021 Paper 1, question 04.7: Explain why an aqueous solution containing [Fe(H2O)6]3+ ions has a lower pH than an aqueous solution containing [Fe(H2O)6]2+ ions. [3 marks]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-nov21-04-7-qp.webp)
Q05.1
The whole paper ↗![November 2020 Paper 1, question 05.1: Give the formula of the white precipitate B. State one other observation when Na2CO3(aq) is added to a solution containing [Al(H2O)6]3+(aq) ions. Give an equati](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-nov20-05-1-qp.webp)
Q05.2
The whole paper ↗![November 2020 Paper 1, question 05.2: Give the formula of the complex ion C. State one condition needed for the formation of C from [Al(H2O)6]3+(aq) and NaOH(aq). Give an equation for this reaction.](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-nov20-05-2-qp.webp)
Q05.3
The whole paper ↗![November 2020 Paper 1, question 05.3: Deduce the formula of the complex ion A. [1 mark]](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-nov20-05-3-qp.webp)
Q05.4
The whole paper ↗![November 2020 Paper 1, question 05.4: Explain, with the use of an equation, why a solution containing [Al(H2O)6]3+ has a pH ˂7 [3 marks] Equation Explanation](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-nov20-05-4-qp.webp)
Q04.1
The whole paper ↗![June 2019 Paper 1, question 04.1: Give the formula of Precipitate J and state its colour. Give an equation for Reaction 1. [3 marks] Formula of J Colour Equation](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-jun19-04-1-qp.webp)
Q04.2
The whole paper ↗![June 2019 Paper 1, question 04.2: Give the formula of L and an equation for Reaction 2. [2 marks] Formula of L Equation](https://pub-e8a9dbab8e2a4d089f52b2a45e0d0b50.r2.dev/bank/74051-jun19-04-2-qp.webp)
All 34 questions on Reactions of ions in aqueous solution, as a list
- June 2025, Paper 1, Q03.3 (2 marks): A solution of sodium carbonate is added to a blue solution containing [Cu(H2O)6]2+ ions. State what is observed. Give an equation for the reaction. [2 marks] Ob
- June 2025, Paper 1, Q07.6 (3 marks): When vanadium(III) sulfate dissolves in water, the vanadium-containing species formed is acidic. Give an equation to show how vanadium(III) sulfate dissolves in
- June 2024, Paper 1, Q03.4 (1 mark): A student adds dilute ammonia solution to a solution containing [Fe(H2O)6]2+ ions. Give the formula of the precipitate that forms. [1 mark]
- June 2024, Paper 1, Q03.5 (2 marks): The student adds sodium carbonate solution to a solution containing [Fe(H2O)6]2+ ions. State one observation the student would make. Give an equation for the re
- June 2024, Paper 1, Q03.6 (1 mark): A solution containing [Fe(H2O)6]2+ ions changes to a yellow-brown colour after several hours in contact with air. The student adds sodium carbonate to the yello
- June 2024, Paper 3, Q22 (1 mark): Aqueous aluminium sulfate is added to aqueous sodium carbonate. What are the formulas of the precipitate and the gas formed? [1 mark] A Al2(CO3)3 and SO2 B Al2(
- June 2023, Paper 1, Q07.2 (1 mark): When anhydrous aluminium sulfate, Al2(SO4)3, is added to water a solution forms that contains the complex aluminium ion, [Al(H2O)6]3+ Give the equation for the
- June 2023, Paper 1, Q07.3 (2 marks): Explain why the solution containing [Al(H2O)6]3+ is acidic. [2 marks]
- June 2023, Paper 1, Q07.5 (2 marks): An excess of aqueous ammonia is added to a solution containing [Al(H2O)6]3+ Give an ionic equation for the reaction and state one observation. [2 marks] Equatio
- June 2023, Paper 1, Q07.6 (1 mark): An excess of dilute sulfuric acid is added to the products of the reaction in Question 07.5 Identify the aluminium species produced. [1 mark]
- June 2023, Paper 3, Q04 (6 marks): A student is given two aqueous solutions, L and M, that both contain iron salts. The student does a series of tests on the solutions. Table 1 shows these tests
- November 2021, Paper 1, Q04.5 (2 marks): Identify A and state its colour. [2 marks] Identity Colour
- November 2021, Paper 1, Q04.6 (3 marks): Give the formula of B and state its colour. Give an ionic equation for the reaction of [Fe(H2O)6]3+ with aqueous Na2CO3 to form B. [3 marks] Formula Colour Ioni
- November 2021, Paper 1, Q04.7 (3 marks): Explain why an aqueous solution containing [Fe(H2O)6]3+ ions has a lower pH than an aqueous solution containing [Fe(H2O)6]2+ ions. [3 marks]
- November 2020, Paper 1, Q05.1 (3 marks): Give the formula of the white precipitate B. State one other observation when Na2CO3(aq) is added to a solution containing [Al(H2O)6]3+(aq) ions. Give an equati
- November 2020, Paper 1, Q05.2 (3 marks): Give the formula of the complex ion C. State one condition needed for the formation of C from [Al(H2O)6]3+(aq) and NaOH(aq). Give an equation for this reaction.
- November 2020, Paper 1, Q05.3 (1 mark): Deduce the formula of the complex ion A. [1 mark]
- November 2020, Paper 1, Q05.4 (3 marks): Explain, with the use of an equation, why a solution containing [Al(H2O)6]3+ has a pH ˂7 [3 marks] Equation Explanation
- June 2019, Paper 1, Q04.1 (3 marks): Give the formula of Precipitate J and state its colour. Give an equation for Reaction 1. [3 marks] Formula of J Colour Equation
- June 2019, Paper 1, Q04.2 (2 marks): Give the formula of L and an equation for Reaction 2. [2 marks] Formula of L Equation
- June 2019, Paper 1, Q04.3 (1 mark): Suggest a reagent for Reaction 3. [1 mark]
- June 2019, Paper 1, Q04.4 (2 marks): Give the formula of Precipitate M and state its colour. [2 marks] Formula of M Colour
- June 2019, Paper 3, Q19 (1 mark): What is the most suitable reagent for detecting the presence of carbonate ions in the presence of an excess of sulfate ions? [1 mark] A dilute NaOH(aq) B dilute
- June 2018, Paper 1, Q07.1 (1 mark): When anhydrous aluminium chloride reacts with water, solution Y is formed that contains a complex aluminium ion, Z, and chloride ions. Give an equation for this
- June 2018, Paper 1, Q07.2 (1 mark): Give an equation to show how the complex ion Z can act as a Brønsted–Lowry acid with water. [1 mark]
- June 2018, Paper 1, Q07.3 (3 marks): Describe two observations you would make when an excess of sodium carbonate solution is added to solution Y. Give an equation for the reaction. In your equation
- June 2018, Paper 1, Q07.4 (4 marks): Aqueous potassium hydroxide is added, until in excess, to solution Y. Describe two observations you would make. For each observation give an equation for the re
- June 2018, Paper 3, Q20 (1 mark): Which observation would confirm that ammonia gas is released when solid ammonium chloride is warmed with solid calcium hydroxide? [1 mark] A Damp blue litmus pa
- June 2017, Paper 1, Q08.2 (3 marks): Describe how a student could distinguish between aqueous solutions of magnesium chloride, MgCl2, and aluminium chloride, AlCl3, using one simple test-tube react
- Specimen, Paper 1, Q08.2 (4 marks): 3
- Specimen, Paper 1, Q10.1 (6 marks): Identity of Q Identity of R Identity of S
- Specimen, Paper 1, Q10.2 (4 marks): 10 Table 5 shows observations of changes from some test-tube reactions of aqueous solutions of compounds Q, R and S with five different aqueous reagents. The in
- Specimen, Paper 3, Q20 (1 mark): What forms when a solution of sodium carbonate is added to a solution of gallium(III) nitrate? [1 mark] A A white precipitate of gallium(III) carbonate. B A whi
- Specimen, Paper 3, Q22: What is the final species produced when an excess of aqueous ammonia is added to aqueous aluminium chloride? [1 mar A [Al(NH3)6]3+ B [Al(OH)3(H2O)3] C [Al(OH)4(
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