Electron configuration: AQA A‑Level Chemistry questions

AQA A-Level Chemistry past-paper questions on 3.1.1.3 Electron configuration, 2008–2025, with mark schemes and examiner’s reports where available.

All 142 questions on Electron configuration, as a list

June 2025, Paper 1, Q02.1 (2 marks): Explain why beryllium is the element with the highest first ionisation energy in Group 2. [2 marks]
June 2025, Paper 1, Q02.2 (1 mark): Give an equation, including state symbols, to show the process that occurs when the second ionisation energy of beryllium is measured. [1 mark]
June 2025, Paper 1, Q02.3 (1 mark): Predict which element in Period 3 has the lowest second ionisation energy. [1 mark]
June 2025, Paper 1, Q02.4 (3 marks): Figure 1 shows a plot of log10(ionisation energy) for a Period 3 element. The ionisation energies are measured in kJ mol–1 Figure 1 Deduce the identity of this
June 2025, Paper 1, Q02.5 (1 mark): Use Figure 1 to determine the third ionisation energy, in kJ mol–1, of this element. [1 mark] kJ mol–1
June 2025, Paper 3, Q16 (1 mark): Which statement about ionisation energies in Period 3 is not correct? [1 mark] A The first ionisation energy of Mg is greater than that of Na B The first ionisa
June 2025, Paper 3, Q25 (1 mark): Which element is in the p block in the Periodic Table? [1 mark] A Radium B Radon C Rhenium D Roentgenium
June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q03.1 (1 mark): Give the full electron configuration of a fluoride ion (F–). [1 mark]
June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q03.2 (1 mark): The Q2+ ion has electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 Identify Q. [1 mark]
June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q04.4 (1 mark): Give an equation, including state symbols, for the process that occurs when the second ionisation energy of calcium is measured. [1 mark]
June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q14 (1 mark): Which Period 3 element has these successive ionisation energies? [1 mark] 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th Ionisation energy / kJ mol–1 786 1580 3230 4360 16 000 20 000
June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q16 (1 mark): Which element has atoms that contain only two unpaired electrons? [1 mark] A cobalt B magnesium C nickel D phosphorus
June 2024, Paper 3, Q07 (1 mark): Which element has the highest third ionisation energy? [1 mark] A Li B Be C K D Ca
June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q02.1 (3 marks): Explain why the third ionisation energy of beryllium is much higher than the second ionisation energy of beryllium. [3 marks]
June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q06.1 (1 mark): Give the full electron configuration for Br [1 mark]
June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q22 (1 mark): Which equation shows the process that occurs during the second ionisation of magnesium? [1 mark] A Mg(g) ⟶ Mg+(g) + e– B Mg(g) ⟶ Mg2+(g) + 2 e– C Mg+(g) ⟶ Mg2+(
June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q24 (1 mark): Which atom has the greatest number of unpaired electrons? [1 mark] A P B V C Fe D Cu
June 2023, Paper 1, Q05.6 (1 mark): Explain why the second ionisation energy of calcium is greater than the first ionisation energy of calcium. [1 mark]
June 2023, Paper 1, Q07.1 (1 mark): Give the electron configuration of the Al3+ ion. [1 mark]
June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q01.1 (1 mark): Give the full electron configuration of the element in Period 3 with the highest first ionisation energy. [1 mark]
June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q01.2 (1 mark): Give an equation, including state symbols, to represent the process that occurs when the second ionisation energy of sodium is measured. [1 mark]
June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q01.3 (3 marks): Table 1 shows some successive ionisation energies for an element in Period 3. Table 1 Ionisation number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ionisation energy / kJ mol–1 1000 2260 3
June 2022, Paper 3, Q06 (1 mark): Which atom in the ground state contains at least one unpaired p electron? [1 mark] A Na B Ne C O D Sc
June 2022, Paper 3, Q16 (1 mark): Which ionisation needs less energy than this process? Mg(g) → Mg+(g) + e– [1 mark] A Al(g) → Al+(g) + e– B Ar(g) → Ar+(g) + e– C Be(g) → Be+(g) + e– D Mg+(g) →
June 2022, Paper 3, Q17 (1 mark): Which statement is correct about the Group 1 elements? [1 mark] A The Cs+ ion has a more negative enthalpy of hydration than the Rb+ ion. B The enthalpy of atom
June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q01.2 (1 mark): Give an equation, including state symbols, to represent the process that occurs when the third ionisation energy of magnesium is measured. [1 mark]
June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q01.3 (2 marks): Explain why the third ionisation energy of magnesium is much higher than the second ionisation energy of magnesium. [2 marks]
June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q10 (1 mark): An atom has all its electrons in their lowest energy levels. Which atom contains only two unpaired electrons? [1 mark] A Helium B Beryllium C Oxygen D Iron
June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q11 (1 mark): The first six ionisation energies, in kJ mol–1, of an element are: 1090, 2350, 4610, 6220, 37 800, 47 000 What is the element? [1 mark] A Boron B Carbon C Nitro
June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q12 (1 mark): In which pair is the first ionisation energy of atom Y greater than that of atom X? [1 mark] Electron configuration of atom X Electron configuration of atom Y A
June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q17 (1 mark): Which of these ions has the largest ionic radius? [1 mark] A S2– B Cl– C K+ D Ca2+
November 2021, Paper 3, Q10 (1 mark): Which has the electron configuration of a noble gas? [1 mark] A H+ B O– C Se2– D Zn2+
November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q12 (1 mark): What is the electron configuration of V2+ in the ground state? [1 mark] A 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d3 B 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d1 4s2 C 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d3 4s2 D
November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q23 (1 mark): Which ion has the largest radius? [1 mark] A F– B Mg2+ C Na+ D O2–
November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q24 (1 mark): Which element has a first ionisation energy lower than that of sulfur? [1 mark] A Chlorine B Oxygen C Phosphorus D Selenium
November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q25 (1 mark): The first seven successive ionisation energies for element Z are shown. What is element Z? [1 mark] A Carbon B Nitrogen C Silicon D Phosphorus
November 2020, Paper 1, Q03.1 (1 mark): Draw a cross (x) on Figure 2 to show the second ionisation energy of silicon. [1 mark]
November 2020, Paper 1, Q03.2 (2 marks): Identify the element in Period 3, from sodium to argon, that has the highest second ionisation energy. Give an equation, including state symbols, to show the pr
November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q01.1 (3 marks): There is a general trend for an increase in ionisation energy across Period 3. Give one example of an element that deviates from this trend. Explain why this de
November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q01.2 (1 mark): Give an equation, including state symbols, to represent the process that occurs when the third ionisation energy of sodium is measured. [1 mark]
November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q01.3 (3 marks): Figure 1 shows the successive ionisation energies of a Period 3 element, X. Figure 1 Identify element X. Explain your choice. [3 marks] Element Explanation
November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q14 (1 mark): Which is the electron configuration of an atom with only two unpaired electrons? [1 mark] A 1s2 2s2 2p3 B 1s2 2s2 2p4 C 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 D 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p
November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q15 (1 mark): Which represents the correct order of increasing radius of the ions? [1 mark] A F– O2– Li+ Be2+ B Li+ Be2+ O2– F– C Be2+ Li+ F– O2– D O2– F– Li+ Be2+
June 2019, Paper 1, Q06.4 (1 mark): Give the full electron configuration of a copper(II) ion. [1 mark]
June 2019, Paper 3, Q14 (1 mark): Which atom has the greatest first ionisation energy? [1 mark] A H B He C Li D Ne
June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q01.1 (2 marks): Sodium fluoride contains sodium ions (Na+) and fluoride ions (F–). Na+ and F– have the same electron configuration. Explain why a fluoride ion is larger than a
June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q03.1 (1 mark): Complete the full electron configuration of a chromium atom. [1 mark] 1s2
June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q04 (6 marks): The first ionisation energies of the elements in Period 2 change as the atomic number increases. Explain the pattern in the first ionisation energies of the ele
June 2018, Paper 1, Q04.1 (1 mark): Give the full electron configuration for the calcium ion, Ca2+ [1 mark]
June 2018, Paper 1, Q04.2 (2 marks): Explain why the second ionisation energy of calcium is lower than the second ionisation energy of potassium. [2 marks]
June 2018, Paper 1, Q04.3 (1 mark): Identify the s-block metal that has the highest first ionisation energy. [1 mark]
June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q01.2 (1 mark): Deduce the full electron configuration of an atom of element R. [1 mark]
June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q01.3 (1 mark): Identify R and deduce the formula of the compound formed when R reacts with the Group 2 metal in the same period as R. [1 mark]
June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q02.4 (3 marks): Identify the diagram in Figure 2 that shows the correct relative sizes of the ions in sodium fluoride. Justify your answer. [3 marks] Figure 2 Diagram Justifica
June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q18 (1 mark): Which element has the highest first ionisation energy? [1 mark] A Aluminium B Phosphorus C Silicon D Sulfur
June 2017, AS Paper 1, Q01.1 (2 marks): Write the full electron configuration for each of the following species. [2 mark Cl− Fe2+
June 2017, AS Paper 1, Q01.2 (1 mark): 0 1 . 2 Write an equation, including state symbols, to represent the process that occurs when the third ionisation energy of manganese is measured. [1 mark]
June 2017, AS Paper 1, Q01.3 (3 marks): State which of the elements magnesium and aluminium has the lower first ionisation energy. Explain your answer. [3 marks
June 2017, AS Paper 1, Q21 (1 mark): 2 1 Which of these has the highest first ionisation energy? [1 mark] A Na B Al C Si D Cl
June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q01.1 (2 marks): Give the full electron configuration of an Al atom and of a Cr3+ ion. [2 marks Al atom Cr3+ ion
June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q01.2 (1 mark): Deduce the formula of the ion that has a charge of 2+ with the same electron configuration as krypton. [1 mark
June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q01.3 (1 mark): Deduce the formula of the compound that contains 2+ ions and 3− ions that both have the same electron configuration as argon. [1 mark]
June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q02.1 (2 marks): Deduce which of Na+ and Mg2+ is the smaller ion. Explain your answer. [2 marks] Smaller ion Explanation
June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q02.2 (1 mark): Write an equation to represent the process that occurs when the first ionisation energy for sodium is measured. [1 mark
June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q02.3 (4 marks): The first ionisation energies of some Period 3 elements are shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 Complete Figure 1 by plotting the approximate first ionisation energy va
June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q13 (1 mark): Ions of two isotopes of iron are 53Fe2+ 56Fe2+ Which statement is correct? [1 mark A The ions of both the isotopes have the electronic configuration 1s22s22p63s
June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q14 (1 mark): 1 4 The successive ionisation energies for element X are shown in Figure 3. Which element is X? [1 mark] A Nitrogen B Phosphorus C Aluminium D Boron 0 5000 1000
Specimen, Paper 1, Q01.2 (1 mark): State the full electron configuration of a cobalt(II) ion. [1 mark] 0 1 . 2
Specimen, Paper 1, Q07.1 (1 mark): 8 7 Table 4 shows some successive ionisation energy data for atoms of three different elements X, Y and Z. Elements X, Y and Z are Ca, Sc and V but not in that
Specimen, Paper 1, Q07.2 (1 mark): 0 7 . 2 Which element is vanadium? [1 mark] X Y Z 9
Specimen, Paper 1, Q07.3 (1 mark): Justify your choice of vanadium in Question 7.2 [1 mark 0 7 . 3
Specimen, Paper 3, Q06 (1 mark): Which change requires the largest amount of energy? [1 mark] A He+(g) He2+(g) + e– B Li(g) Li+(g) + e– C Mg+(g) Mg2+(g) + e– D N(g) N+(g) + e– 0 6
June 2016, CHEM5 (old spec), Q8(a) (5 marks): Give the electron configuration of the Co atom and of the Co2+ ion. State three characteristic features of the chemistry of cobalt and its compounds. [5 marks]
June 2016, CHEM1 (old spec), Q5(a) (4 marks): State and explain the general trend in first ionisation energy across Period 3. [4 marks]
June 2016, CHEM1 (old spec), Q5(b) (3 marks): Give one example of an element which deviates from the general trend in first ionisation energy across Period 3. Explain why this deviation occurs. [3 marks]
June 2016, CHEM1 (old spec), Q5(c) (2 marks): Table 3 shows successive ionisation energies of an element Y in Period 3. Table 3 Identify element Y. Explain your answer using data from Table 3. [2 marks]
June 2015, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(b) (3 marks): State the element in Period 3 that has the highest first ionisation energy. Explain your answer. [3 marks] Element Explanation
June 2015, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(a) (1 mark): Using information from the Periodic Table, complete the electron configuration of tellurium. [1 mark] [Kr]
June 2014, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(c) (1 mark): Complete Table 2 by suggesting a value for the third ionisation energy of boron. [1 mark] Table 2 First Second Third Fourth Fifth Ionisation energy / kJ mol–1 7
June 2014, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(d) (1 mark): Write an equation to show the process that occurs when the second ionisation energy of boron is measured. Include state symbols in your equation. [1 mark]
June 2014, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(e) (1 mark): Explain why the second ionisation energy of boron is higher than the first ionisation energy of boron. [1 mark]
June 2014, CHEM1 (old spec), Q3(b)(i) (1 mark): Give the full electron configuration of the Ni2+ ion. [1 mark]
June 2013, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(f) (1 mark): X and Zn are different elements. Explain why the chemical properties of 70X and 70Zn are different. (1 mark)
June 2013, CHEM1 (old spec), Q5(g) (1 mark): Which one of the first, second or third ionisations of thallium produces an ion with the electron configuration [Xe] 5d106s1? Tick (✓) one box. First Second Thi
June 2013, CHEM1 (old spec), Q6(b) (4 marks): State the general trend in first ionisation energies from carbon to neon. Deduce the element that deviates from this trend and explain why this element deviates
June 2013, CHEM1 (old spec), Q6(c) (1 mark): Write an equation, including state symbols, for the reaction that occurs when the first ionisation energy of carbon is measured. (1 mark)
June 2013, CHEM1 (old spec), Q6(d) (1 mark): Explain why the second ionisation energy of carbon is higher than the first ionisation energy of carbon.
June 2013, CHEM1 (old spec), Q6(e) (1 mark): Deduce the element in Period 2, from lithium to neon, that has the highest second ionisation energy. (1 mark) Section B Answer all questions in the spaces provi
January 2013, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(a)(i) (1 mark): Draw an ‘X’ on the diagram to show the second ionisation energy of sulfur. (1 mark) 2
January 2013, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(a)(ii) (1 mark): Write the full electron configuration of the Al2+ ion. (1 mark)
January 2013, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(a)(iii) (1 mark): Write an equation to show the process that occurs when the second ionisation energy of aluminium is measured. (1 mark)
January 2013, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(a)(iv) (1 mark): Give one reason why the second ionisation energy of silicon is lower than the second ionisation energy of aluminium. (1 mark)
January 2013, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(b) (2 marks): Predict the element in Period 3 that has the highest second ionisation energy. Give a reason for your answer. Element Reason
January 2013, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(c) (1 mark): The following table gives the successive ionisation energies of an element in Period 3. Identify this element. (1 mark) First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Io
January 2013, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(d) (1 mark): Explain why the ionisation energy of every element is endothermic. (1 mark)
June 2012, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(b)(ii) (1 mark): Write an equation, including state symbols, to show the process that occurs when the first ionisation energy of rubidium is measured. (1 mark)
June 2012, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(c) (1 mark): The table shows the first ionisation energies of rubidium and some other elements in the same group. State one reason why the first ionisation energy of rubidiu
June 2012, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(d)(i) (1 mark): State the block of elements in the Periodic Table that contains rubidium. (1 mark)
June 2012, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(d)(ii) (1 mark): Deduce the full electron configuration of a rubidium atom. (1 mark)
January 2012, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(b)(i) (1 mark): State the general trend in first ionisation energies for the Period 2 elements lithium to nitrogen. (1 mark)
January 2012, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(b)(ii) (3 marks): Identify the element that deviates from this general trend, from lithium to nitrogen, and explain your answer. Element Explanation
January 2012, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(c) (1 mark): Identify the Period 2 element that has the following successive ionisation energies. (1 mark) First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Ionisation energy / kJ mol–1
January 2012, CHEM1 (old spec), Q5(a) (1 mark): Nitrogen forms a nitride ion with the electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 Write the formula of the nitride ion. (1 mark)
January 2012, CHEM1 (old spec), Q5(b) (1 mark): An element forms an ion Q with a single negative charge that has the same electron configuration as the nitride ion. Identify the ion Q. (1 mark)
January 2012, CHEM1 (old spec), Q7(b) (5 marks): State how krypton is ionised in the mass spectrometer. Write an equation, including state symbols, to show the reaction that occurs when the first ionisation en
June 2011, CHEM1 (old spec), Q5(a) (1 mark): Write an equation, including state symbols, to show the reaction that occurs when the first ionisation energy of lithium is measured. (1 mark)
June 2011, CHEM1 (old spec), Q5(b) (3 marks): State and explain the general trend in first ionisation energies for the Period 3 elements aluminium to argon. Trend Explanation
June 2011, CHEM1 (old spec), Q5(c) (3 marks): There is a similar general trend in first ionisation energies for the Period 4 elements gallium to krypton. State how selenium deviates from this general trend
June 2011, CHEM1 (old spec), Q5(d) (1 mark): Suggest why the first ionisation energy of krypton is lower than the first ionisation energy of argon. (1 mark)
June 2011, CHEM1 (old spec), Q5(e) (1 mark): The table below gives the successive ionisation energies of an element. Deduce the group in the Periodic Table that contains this element. (1 mark) First Second
June 2011, CHEM1 (old spec), Q5(f) (1 mark): Identify the element that has a 5+ ion with an electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 (1 mark) Section B Answer all questions in the spaces provided
January 2011, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(a) (1 mark): Use your understanding of the Periodic Table to complete the electron configuration of indium. 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 (1 mark)
June 2010, CHEM5 (old spec), Q1(e) (2 marks): Calcium fluoride crystals absorb ultra-violet light. Some of the energy gained is given out as visible light. The name of this process, fluorescence, comes from
June 2010, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(a) (1 mark): Draw a cross on the diagram to show the first ionisation energy of aluminium. (1 mark)
June 2010, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(b) (2 marks): Write an equation to show the process that occurs when the first ionisation energy of aluminium is measured. (2 marks)
June 2010, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(c) (1 mark): State which of the first, second or third ionisations of aluminium would produce an ion with the electron configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1 (1 mark)
June 2010, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(d) (2 marks): Explain why the value of the first ionisation energy of sulfur is less than the value of the first ionisation energy of phosphorus.
June 2010, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(e) (2 marks): Identify the element in Period 2 that has the highest first ionisation energy and give its electron configuration. Element Electron configuration (2 marks)
June 2010, CHEM1 (old spec), Q2(f) (3 marks): State the trend in first ionisation energies in Group 2 from beryllium to barium. Explain your answer in terms of a suitable model of atomic structure. Trend Ex
January 2010, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(a) (1 mark): Complete the electron configuration of the Mg+ ion. 1s2 (1 mark)
January 2010, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(b)(i) (2 marks): State the meaning of the term first ionisation energy. (2 marks)
January 2010, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(b)(ii) (1 mark): Write an equation, including state symbols, to show the reaction that occurs when the second ionisation energy of magnesium is measured. (1 mark)
January 2010, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(b)(iii) (1 mark): Explain why the second ionisation energy of magnesium is greater than the first ionisation energy of magnesium. (1 mark)
January 2010, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(b)(iv) (1 mark): Use your understanding of electron arrangement to complete the table by suggesting a value for the third ionisation energy of magnesium. (1 mark) First Second T
January 2010, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(c) (3 marks): State and explain the general trend in the first ionisation energies of the Period 3 elements sodium to chlorine. Trend Explanation
January 2010, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(d) (3 marks): State how the element sulfur deviates from the general trend in first ionisation energies across Period 3. Explain your answer. How sulfur deviates from the tre
January 2010, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(e) (1 mark): A general trend exists in the first ionisation energies of the Period 2 elements lithium to fluorine. Identify one element which deviates from this general tren
January 2010, CHEM1 (old spec), Q5(b) (3 marks): Element X has a relative atomic mass of 47.9 Identify the block in the Periodic Table to which element X belongs and give the electron configuration of an atom
June 2009, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(a) (1 mark): 1 (a) Complete the electronic configuration for the sodium ion, Na+ ls2 (1 mark)
June 2009, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(b)(i) (2 marks): 1 (b) (i) Write an equation, including state symbols, to represent the process for which the energy change is the second ionisation energy of sodium. (2 marks)
June 2009, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(b)(ii) (3 marks): 1 (b) (ii) Explain why the second ionisation energy of sodium is greater than the second ionisation energy of magnesium. (3 marks)
June 2009, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(b)(iii) (1 mark): 1 (b) (iii) An element X in Period 3 of the Periodic Table has the following successive ionisation energies. First Second Third Fourth Ionisation energies / 577
June 2009, CHEM1 (old spec), Q1(f) (1 mark): 1 (f) In terms of its electronic configuration, give one reason why neon does not form compounds with sodium. (1 mark)
January 2009, CHEM1 (old spec), Q4(a)(i) (2 marks): 4 (a) (i) Explain the meaning of the term first ionisation energy. (2 marks)
January 2009, CHEM1 (old spec), Q4(a)(ii) (3 marks): 4 (a) (ii) State and explain the general trend in first ionisation energies for the elements Na to P Trend Explanation (3 marks)
January 2009, CHEM1 (old spec), Q4(a)(iii) (3 marks): 4 (a) (iii) State which one of the elements from Na to P deviates from this general trend and explain why this occurs. Element Explanation (3 marks)
June 2008, CHM1 (2008 spec), Q3(a) (2 marks): 3 (a) State the meaning of the term first ionisation energy of an atom. (2 marks)
June 2008, CHM1 (2008 spec), Q3(b) (2 marks): 3 (b) Explain why there is a general increase in the first ionisation energies of the Period 3 elements Na to Ar (2 marks)
June 2008, CHM1 (2008 spec), Q3(c) (3 marks): 3 (c) State how the first ionisation energy of sulphur deviates from the general trend in part (b). Explain your answer. Deviation of sulphur from the general t
June 2008, CHM1 (2008 spec), Q4(b) (5 marks): 4 (b) (i) Give the electron arrangement of the sodium atom. 4 (b) (ii) State which has the larger radius, a sodium atom or a sodium ion (Na+). Explain your answ
June 2008, CHM6W (2008 spec), Q2 (1 mark): 2 Which one of the following has the same electronic arrangement as Li+? A Na+ B Be2+ C F– D Ne
January 2008, CHM1 (2008 spec), Q3(a) (2 marks): 3 (a) A Period 3 element, E, forms an ion E2– which has the electron arrangement shown below. 1s22s22p63s23p6 Give the electron arrangement of an atom of elemen

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