Bonding: Eduqas A‑Level Chemistry questions

Every Eduqas A-Level Chemistry exam question on C1.4 Bonding, 2016–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

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Q9(d)
June 2025 · Component 1
6 marksC1.4 Bonding
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Q10(d)(iii)
June 2025 · Component 1
3 marksC1.4 Bonding
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Q5(a)
June 2025 · Component 2
2 marksC1.4 Bonding
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Q5(b)
June 2025 · Component 2
1 markC1.4 Bonding
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Q12(e)(i)
June 2025 · Component 2
1 markC1.4 Bonding
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Q1
June 2025 · AS Component 1
1 markC1.4 Bonding
The whole paper ↗
Q7(a)
June 2025 · AS Component 1
1 markC1.4 Bonding
The whole paper ↗
Q7(b)
June 2025 · AS Component 1
1 markC1.4 Bonding
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Q12(d)
June 2025 · AS Component 1
3 marksC1.4 Bonding
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Q12(e)(i)
June 2025 · AS Component 1
3 marksC1.4 Bonding
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Q12(e)(ii)
June 2025 · AS Component 1
3 marksC1.4 Bonding
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Q9(c)(i)
June 2024 · Component 1
1 markC1.4 Bonding
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Q15(d)(i)
June 2024 · Component 1
2 marksC1.4 Bonding
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Q15(d)(iii)
June 2024 · Component 1
2 marksC1.4 Bonding
The whole paper ↗
Q12(c)(ii)
June 2024 · Component 2
2 marksC1.4 Bonding
The whole paper ↗
Q6(b)
June 2024 · AS Component 1
1 markC1.4 Bonding
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Q7(a)(i)
June 2024 · AS Component 1
1 markC1.4 Bonding
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Q7(a)(ii)
June 2024 · AS Component 1
2 marksC1.4 Bonding
The whole paper ↗
Q7(a)(iii)
June 2024 · AS Component 1
1 markC1.4 Bonding
The whole paper ↗
Q7(a)(iv)
June 2024 · AS Component 1
6 marksC1.5 Solid structures C1.4 Bonding
The whole paper ↗

All 82 questions on Bonding, as a list

June 2025, Component 1, Q9(d) (6 marks): Hydrogen bonding is one type of intermolecular force. Explain what is meant by hydrogen bonding and how it affects the properties of water. You may include diag
June 2025, Component 1, Q10(d)(iii) (3 marks): Arsenic can form arsine, AsH3. Use VSEPR theory to find the shape of this molecule. Give your reasoning. [3]
June 2025, Component 2, Q5(a) (2 marks): In terms of intermolecular bonding, explain why benzoic acid has the highest melting and boiling temperatures of these compounds. [2]
June 2025, Component 2, Q5(b) (1 mark): In terms of intermolecular bonding, explain why ethyl benzoate has a higher boiling temperature than methyl benzoate. [1]
June 2025, Component 2, Q12(e)(i) (1 mark): Suggest why phenylethanoic acid (C6H5CH2COOH) has a relatively low solubility in water. [1]
June 2025, AS Component 1, Q1 (1 mark): Give the meaning of the term electronegativity. [1]
June 2025, AS Component 1, Q7(a) (1 mark): Explain why metals are good conductors of electricity. [1]
June 2025, AS Component 1, Q7(b) (1 mark): State one other physical property of metals. [1] …………… …………………..
June 2025, AS Component 1, Q12(d) (3 marks): Nitrogen exists as molecules with a relative formula mass of 28 The relative formula mass of an ammonia molecule is lower than that of nitrogen but its boiling
June 2025, AS Component 1, Q12(e)(i) (3 marks): Ammonia forms compounds containing the ammonium ion, NH4 +. Describe the bonding in an ammonium ion. Include a dot and cross diagram in your answer. [3]
June 2025, AS Component 1, Q12(e)(ii) (3 marks): Ammonia can also form amide ions, NH2 –. Ammonium ions and amide ions both have the same number of electron pairs. Use your knowledge of VSEPR theory to explain
June 2024, Component 1, Q9(c)(i) (1 mark): HOCl is a weak acid that is formed when chlorine is added to water. Draw a dot and cross diagram of this molecule. [1]
June 2024, Component 1, Q15(d)(i) (2 marks): Although XeF6 has six fluorine atoms bonded to the Xe atom, it does not have an octahedral shape. Explain why this is so. [2]
June 2024, Component 1, Q15(d)(iii) (2 marks): The melting temperature of XeF4 is 117 °C, whilst that of SiF4 is –95 °C. Explain why the melting temperature of SiF4 is lower than that of XeF4 [2]
June 2024, Component 2, Q12(c)(ii) (2 marks): Use the actual molar mass of ethanoic acid and your answer to part (i) to suggest a possible arrangement for ethanoic acid when it is dissolved in benzene. Give
June 2024, AS Component 1, Q6(b) (1 mark): Explain why argon has a very low boiling temperature. [1]
June 2024, AS Component 1, Q7(a)(i) (1 mark): Give the meaning of the term covalent bond. [1]
June 2024, AS Component 1, Q7(a)(ii) (2 marks): Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the bonding in trichloromethane, CHCl3 Show outer electrons only. [2]
June 2024, AS Component 1, Q7(a)(iii) (1 mark): A student proposed that the Cl C Cl bond angle in trichloromethane must be slightly larger than the H C Cl bond angle. Suggest a reason why this might be true.
June 2024, AS Component 1, Q7(a)(iv) (6 marks): The melting temperature of diamond is over 4000 °C whereas the melting temperature of trichloromethane is only –63.5°C. Compare and contrast the structures of t
June 2024, AS Component 1, Q7(b)(i) (2 marks): Explain why the bond angles in boron trifluoride, BF3, are exactly 120°. [2]
June 2024, AS Component 1, Q7(b)(ii) (2 marks): Boron trifluoride forms a compound with ammonia, NH3 Suggest how a bond forms between the nitrogen atom and the boron atom. [2]
June 2024, AS Component 1, Q8(a) (1 mark): Explain why gold is malleable. [1]
June 2024, AS Component 1, Q11(e)(ii) (3 marks): The halogen can be identified by shaking the reaction mixture with cyclohexane. Two layers form and the purple colour of the cyclohexane layer shows that iodine
Autumn 2021, Component 1, Q8(a) (1 mark): Give a reason why the bond angle in OF2 is less than 109° despite the oxygen having four electron pairs in its outer shell. [1]
Autumn 2021, Component 1, Q13(a) (2 marks): Aluminium chloride exists as the dimer Al2Cl6. This includes both covalent and coordinate bonds. State what is meant by the term coordinate bond, indicating cle
Autumn 2021, Component 1, Q13(c)(i) (6 marks): Hydrogen bonding can affect the physical properties of a range of substances. Explain what is meant by hydrogen bonding and how it affects physical properties.
Autumn 2021, Component 2, Q8(b) (4 marks): The melting temperatures of the two isomeric hydroxybenzaldehydes are given below. H H O O O H C C H O 1-2 °C 112-116 °C Suggest reasons for this difference in
Autumn 2021, Component 2, Q9(a)(v) (3 marks): I. Suggest why thymol is only slightly soluble in water at room temperature. [2] II. Thymol reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide. Suggest the formula of the or
Autumn 2020, Component 1, Q1(a) (1 mark): Draw a dot and cross diagram for the molecule BF3. [1]
Autumn 2020, Component 1, Q1(b) (1 mark): Use valence shell electron pair repulsion theory to explain why BF3 has a trigonal planar structure. [1]
Autumn 2020, Component 1, Q5(a) (2 marks): Explain why the boiling temperature of ammonia is much higher than that of phosphine and arsine. [2]
Autumn 2020, Component 1, Q5(b) (1 mark): Give a reason why the boiling temperature of arsine is higher than that of phosphine. [1]
Autumn 2020, Component 1, Q9(a)(i) (1 mark): State what is meant by the term electronegativity. [1]
Autumn 2020, Component 1, Q9(a)(ii) (1 mark): State which type of bond will form between lithium and carbon. Give a reason for your answer. [1]
Autumn 2020, Component 2, Q7(c) (2 marks): The C4 component of LPG contains both methylpropane (boiling temperature –12 °C) and butane (boiling temperature –0.5 °C). Explain why these two compounds have
Autumn 2020, Component 2, Q8(b)(iv) (1 mark): A solution of lycopene in hexane was used for the colorimetry in part (iii) as lycopene is insoluble in water. Explain why lycopene is insoluble in water. [1]
Autumn 2020, AS Component 1, Q7(a) (1 mark): State the meaning of the term electronegativity. [1]
Autumn 2020, AS Component 1, Q7(b) (1 mark): On the diagrams below mark any permanent dipoles. [1] S P O O Cl Cl Cl
Autumn 2020, AS Component 1, Q9(a)(i) (2 marks): A molecule of hydrazine contains single bonds only. Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the arrangement of the electrons in hydrazine. You should show outer el
Autumn 2020, AS Component 1, Q9(a)(ii) (3 marks): Suggest the bond angle for the H N H bonds in hydrazine. Explain your suggestion. [3]
Autumn 2020, AS Component 1, Q11(a) (3 marks): Bromine is a liquid at room temperature and iodine is a solid. [3]
June 2019, Component 1, Q3 (2 marks): Draw a dot-and-cross diagram to show the bonding of the compound magnesium fluoride. [2]
June 2019, Component 1, Q11(b)(i) (2 marks): Both sulfur and selenium have molecules containing rings of eight atoms. Explain the difference in their boiling temperatures. [2]
June 2019, Component 1, Q12(e)(i) (1 mark): Draw the shape of the AlCl3 molecule, giving its bond angle(s). [1]
June 2019, Component 1, Q12(e)(iii) (2 marks): Use the principles of valence shell electron pair repulsion theory to explain why the shape of ClF3 is not the same as that of BF3. You do not need to identify
June 2019, Component 2, Q6 (1 mark): Draw a dot and cross diagram of the methyl radical. [1]
June 2019, Component 2, Q12(a) (6 marks): The boiling temperatures of five isomers of formula C5H12O are shown in the table below. Compound Formula Boiling temperature / °C H3C A H3C C O CH3 56 H3C B CH
June 2019, AS Component 1, Q3(a) (1 mark): State why some covalent bonds are polar but others are not. [1]
June 2019, AS Component 1, Q3(b) (1 mark): On the formulae below show any dipoles. [1] F F F Cl — —
June 2019, AS Component 1, Q10(b) (3 marks): The bond angles in sulfur hexafluoride, SF6, are 90°. You should include a diagram in your explanation. [3]
June 2019, AS Component 1, Q11(a)(i) (2 marks): Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the bonding in silicon chloride. Show outer electrons only. [2]
June 2019, AS Component 1, Q11(a)(ii) (1 mark): What is the bond angle in silicon chloride? [1]
June 2018, Component 1, Q4 (2 marks): Draw a dot and cross diagram of the ammonium ion and use it to explain the difference between covalent and coordinate bonds. [2]
June 2018, Component 1, Q6 (2 marks): Using the principles of valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) state and explain the shape of a molecule of H2S. [2]
June 2018, Component 1, Q14(a) (3 marks): One way to classify materials is according to their physical state. The halogens chlorine, bromine and iodine have different physical states at room temperature
June 2018, Component 1, Q14(b)(ii) (3 marks): Explain why the alcohols butan-1-ol and octan-1-ol can dissolve in water, giving a reason why the solubility of octan-1-ol is lower than that of butan-1-ol. [3]
June 2018, Component 1, Q15(a) (1 mark): Propanone is used to dissolve the ethyne as this gas is only slightly soluble in water. State why the solubility of ethyne in water is low. [1]
June 2018, Component 2, Q8 (2 marks): The boiling temperatures of three compounds of formula C3H8O2 are given in the table. Compound Boiling temperature / °C L CH3–CH2–O–O–CH3 40 M CH3–O–CH2–O–CH3 4
June 2018, Component 2, Q11(b)(v) (4 marks): The boiling temperatures of some alkanes are shown in the table. Alkane Boiling temperature / °C 2,2-dimethylpropane 9 2-methylbutane 28 pentane 35 2,2-dimethyl
June 2018, AS Component 1, Q8(a) (3 marks): Ice floats on water. [3]
June 2018, AS Component 1, Q9(a) (6 marks): A student was studying the boiling temperatures of different substances including those listed in the table. Substance Boiling temperature / °C hydrogen, H2 –25
June 2018, AS Component 1, Q9(b)(i) (2 marks): Silicon and hydrogen can form a series of compounds called silanes. Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the electron arrangement in the silane, Si2H6 Show oute
June 2018, AS Component 1, Q9(b)(ii) (2 marks): Predict the H—Si—H bond angle in Si2H6 Explain your answer. [2]
June 2018, AS Component 2, Q7(d) (3 marks): Butane is another common alkane. Two other compounds with a similar molecular mass to butane are ethanoic acid and propan-1-ol. The boiling temperatures in °C f
June 2017, Component 1, Q11(c)(i) (2 marks): State the types of bonding found in aluminium chloride and aluminium oxide. Explain why these compounds have different types of bonding. [2]
June 2017, Component 1, Q11(e) (3 marks): Use valence shell electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR) to predict and explain the shape of the PCl3 molecule. [3]
June 2017, Component 2, Q6 (1 mark): Draw a dot and cross diagram of the hydroxide ion. [1]
June 2017, Component 2, Q10(d)(i) (3 marks): Explain why the boiling temperature of methanol is higher than would be suggested by the trend in other alcohols. [3]
June 2017, Component 2, Q10(d)(ii) (2 marks): Explain why the boiling temperatures of the thiols are lower than the boiling temperatures of the corresponding alcohols. [2]
June 2017, Component 2, Q12(b)(i) (1 mark): Suggest why DDT is largely insoluble in water. [1]
June 2017, AS Component 1, Q3(a) (1 mark): Define electronegativity. [1]
June 2017, AS Component 1, Q3(b) (1 mark): On each of the diagrams of molecules below label any permanent dipoles. [1] Cl—Cl F—Cl
June 2017, AS Component 1, Q9(a) (2 marks): The conductivity of aluminium is different from that of sodium. [2]
June 2017, AS Component 1, Q9(c) (3 marks): The melting temperature of magnesium oxide is much higher than the melting temperature of sodium chloride. [3]
June 2017, AS Component 1, Q11(b)(i) (2 marks): Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the arrangement of electrons in H3O+. Show outer electrons only. [2]
June 2017, AS Component 1, Q11(b)(ii) (1 mark): Name the type of bond present between H2O and the H+ added to form H3O+. [1]
June 2017, AS Component 1, Q11(b)(iii) (3 marks): Suggest a value for the bond angle between the O—H bonds in H3O+. Explain your answer. [3]
June 2016, AS Component 1, Q2 (2 marks): Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the formation of sodium sulfide. Show the outer electrons only. [2]
June 2016, AS Component 1, Q8 (1 mark): Give a reason why some covalent bonds are polar. [1]
June 2016, AS Component 1, Q10(b) (4 marks): Hydrogen sulfide, H2S, is a gas at room temperature and pressure but water, H2O, is a liquid under the same conditions. [4]
June 2016, AS Component 1, Q10(c) (4 marks): The bond angles in the PCl4 + ion are greater than the bond angles in the PCl6 − ion. [4]

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