Monitoring and maintaining health: OCR GCSE Combined Science A questions

Every OCR GCSE Combined Science A exam question on B6.3 Monitoring and maintaining health, 2018–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

All 145 questions on Monitoring and maintaining health, as a list

June 2025, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q2 (1 mark): What is the correct treatment for a disease caused by viruses? A Antibiotics B Antivirals C Progesterone D Insulin Your answer [1]
June 2025, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q4 (1 mark): Cardiovascular diseases are treated in different ways. The table shows some treatments for cardiovascular disease. Treatment Description A Heart bypass A new bl
June 2025, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q6 (1 mark): Which of these is a non-specific defence mechanism of the human body against pathogens? A Making red blood cells B Pancreas producing insulin C Pupil changing s
June 2025, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q8 (1 mark): Many non-communicable human diseases are caused by an interaction with a lifestyle factor. Which of these is not an example of this type of interaction? A Aller
June 2025, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q14(a) (6 marks): (a)* Smoking is a risk factor for lung cancer. Nicotine is given to people to help them quit smoking. The nicotine is supplied using different methods. A study
June 2025, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q14(b) (2 marks): Smoking cigarettes can cause lung cancer. Complete the sentences to explain why. Use words from the list. cell division meiosis mutation protein synthesis reduc
June 2025, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q16(a)(i) (2 marks): Which antibiotics are the most and least effective at inhibiting bacteria growth? Put a ring around the correct answers. Most effective antibiotic A B C Least e
June 2025, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q16(a)(ii) (2 marks): Suggest two improvements to the method to increase validity of the investigation. 1 2 [2]
June 2025, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q16(b) (2 marks): Bacteria are one cause of communicable disease. Outline the role of the immune system of the human body in defence against disease. [2]
June 2025, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q16(c)(i) (2 marks): Calculate the percentage of people who develop TB worldwide each year who are estimated to have HIV. Percentage % [2]
June 2025, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q16(c)(ii) (1 mark): Infection with HIV makes you more likely to develop TB. State one reason why having HIV makes you more likely to develop TB. [1]
June 2025, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q5 (1 mark): New drugs are tested in clinical trials. A placebo looks like the drug being tested but has no medical effect. Which row is the correct description for a double
June 2025, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q6 (1 mark): Cardiovascular disease can be treated in different ways. The table shows some treatments for cardiovascular disease. Treatment Description A blood vessel is rem
June 2025, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q11(a)(i) (2 marks): Which antibiotics are the most and least effective at inhibiting bacteria growth? Put a ring around the correct answers. Most effective antibiotic A B C Least e
June 2025, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q11(a)(ii) (2 marks): Suggest two improvements to the method to increase validity of the investigation. 1 2 [2]
June 2025, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q11(b) (2 marks): Bacteria are one cause of communicable disease. Outline the role of the immune system of the human body in defence against disease. [2]
June 2025, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q11(c)(i) (2 marks): Calculate the percentage of people who develop TB worldwide each year who are estimated to have HIV. Percentage % [2]
June 2025, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q11(c)(ii) (1 mark): Infection with HIV makes you more likely to develop TB. State one reason why having HIV makes you more likely to develop TB. [1]
June 2025, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q13(a) (2 marks): The female hormone oestrogen stimulates the growth of breast tissue. Anastrozole reduces levels of the hormone oestrogen. Explain why anastrozole prevents breas
June 2025, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q13(c) (1 mark): Cancer, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes are all diseases. What group of diseases do they belong to? [1]
June 2025, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q16(a) (1 mark): Suggest one other way specific pathogens are identified. [1]
June 2024, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q1 (1 mark): What traps harmful microorganisms in human lungs? A Acid B Hairs C Mucus D Plasma Your answer [1]
June 2024, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q3 (1 mark): Scientists test the effect of new drugs on the growth of a pathogen. Pathogen growing A on agar plate Clear zone where pathogen does not B D grow Paper disc con
June 2024, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q12(a) (4 marks): Complete the sentences about powdery mildew. Use words from the list. bacterium chlorophyll decrease fungus increase threat virus wind Powdery mildew is caused
June 2024, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q12(b) (1 mark): Why is powdery mildew called a communicable disease? [1]
June 2024, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q13(b) (1 mark): Which type of medicine has been developed to treat HIV? Put a ring around the correct option. antibiotic antigen antiseptic antiviral [1]
June 2024, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q13(c) (2 marks): Some diseases are treated by changes to lifestyle. Complete these sentences about cardiovascular disease. The risk of cardiovascular disease is reduced by a low
June 2024, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q3 (1 mark): Which statement describes a difference between red blood cells and white blood cells? A Red blood cells contain enzymes. B Red blood cells make antibodies. C Wh
June 2024, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q4 (1 mark): Which disease may develop due to an interaction with HPV? A AIDS B Cervical cancer C Tuberculosis D Type 2 diabetes Your answer [1]
June 2024, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q5 (1 mark): Why does a plant scientist use antibodies specific to a type of antigen? A To develop new plants using selective breeding B To find new species of plants growin
June 2024, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q8 (1 mark): Scientists test the effect of new drugs on the growth of a pathogen. Pathogen growing on agar plate Clear zone where Paper disc pathogen does not containing gro
June 2024, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q9 (1 mark): Which row shows how a high cholesterol diet is linked to cardiovascular disease? Gas unable to be transported Coronary vessel blocked to cardiac muscle, damagin
June 2024, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q13(a) (2 marks): Describe how powdery mildew is spread from one plant to another. [2]
June 2023, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q3 (1 mark): Which is an example of an antiseptic? A A chemical injected into the blood to prevent infection. B A drug taken as a tablet to reduce an infection. C Cream put
June 2023, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q4 (1 mark): Which type of pathogens cause crown gall disease in plants? A Bacteria B Fungi C Protists D Viruses Your answer [1]
June 2023, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q5 (1 mark): Tuberculosis is a disease of the lungs. The number of cases of tuberculosis in the UK between 1914 and 1987 decreased from 99 497 to 5086. Which could be a reas
June 2023, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q8 (1 mark): There are interactions between some types of disease. Which is an example of two diseases that interact? A Cervical cancer and HPV B Cervical cancer and tubercu
June 2023, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q15 (6 marks): 15* A survey recorded the percentage of the male population that drank more than the recommended amount of alcohol per day. The bar chart shows the results. 35
June 2023, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q9 (1 mark): A stent is a small wire structure. It is placed inside the artery that supplies the heart muscle with oxygen. Stent Why would someone need a stent fitting? A A
June 2023, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q12(b) (2 marks): White blood cells are adapted to their function. Explain two adaptations of white blood cells. 1 2 [2]
June 2023, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q12(c)(i) (1 mark): Why can HIV be spread by sharing needles? [1]
June 2023, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q12(c)(ii) (1 mark): Suggest how testing will help prevent the spread of HIV. [1]
June 2023, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q12(d) (3 marks): The graph shows the number of HIV cases for one country between 1988 and 2010. 1200 1000 800 Number of 600 cases of HIV 400 200 0 Year Calculate the percentage
June 2023, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q16(a)(i) (1 mark): What are the independent variable and the dependent variable for this investigation? Independent variable Dependent variable [1]
June 2023, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q16(a)(ii) (1 mark): The student used a disc of paper with no antibiotics. Which disc had no antibiotics on it? Tick (3) one box. A B C D E [1]
June 2023, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q16(a)(iii) (2 marks): Explain why the student uses a disc with no antibiotics on it. [2]
June 2023, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q16(a)(iv) (2 marks): Which antibiotic, A–E, is the most effective? Explain your answer. Antibiotic Reason [2]
June 2023, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q16(b) (1 mark): After the student has recorded their results the agar plates are destroyed. Why should agar plates containing bacteria be destroyed? [1]
June 2023, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q16(c) (2 marks): Suggest how the student could develop their investigation to show the effect of antibiotic A on the growth of different bacteria. [2]
June 2022, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q1 (1 mark): What is the function of platelets in blood? A They destroy pathogens. B They help clot the blood. C They produce antibodies. D They transport oxygen around the
June 2022, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q8 (1 mark): The microorganism that causes Cowpea mosaic disease can pass through a filter that blocks anything larger than 100 nm. Which type of microorganism causes Cowpea
June 2022, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q10 (1 mark): The diameter of a human ovum is 100 000 nm. The diameter of the HIV pathogen is 100 nm. How many orders of magnitude larger is the diameter of a human ovum comp
June 2022, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q12(a)(i) (2 marks): Explain how TB is spread between humans. [2]
June 2022, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q12(a)(ii) (2 marks): The graph shows how the number of cases for HIV and TB have changed between 1980 and 2006 for one country. Key HIV cases TB cases 20 700 18 600 16 500 14 HIV ca
June 2022, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q12(a)(iii) (2 marks): Describe how the lungs defend the body against infection from TB bacteria. [2]
June 2022, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q2 (1 mark): The diameter of a human ovum is 100 000 nm. The diameter of the HIV pathogen is 100 nm. How many orders of magnitude larger is the diameter of a human ovum comp
June 2022, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q5 (1 mark): HIV is spreading rapidly in many countries. Which method is used to screen for the HIV virus in a person with no symptoms? A Detection of the HIV antigen B Dete
June 2022, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q7 (1 mark): What medicine can be used to treat tuberculosis? A Antibiotics B Antiseptics C Antitoxins D Antivirals Your answer [1]
June 2022, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q14(a)(i) (2 marks): The diseases can be grouped into communicable and non-communicable diseases. The graph shows the trends of these two different types of disease over the 40-year
June 2022, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q14(a)(ii) (2 marks): Suggest how lifestyle and living conditions in this country might have changed to cause the trends shown in the graph. [2]
June 2022, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q14(b) (2 marks): To calculate the death rate in a given year, the following formula is used: number of deaths × 105 death rate per 100 000 = population size In 1972, the populat
June 2022, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q14(c) (2 marks): The immune system provides a defence against bacterial diseases like TB (tuberculosis). Part of this defence involves the production of antibodies. Describe how
June 2022, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q14(d) (2 marks): What does a vaccination contain and why does it protect the body from infection? Vaccinations contain Vaccinations protect the body because [2]
November 2021, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q5 (1 mark): What do white blood cells produce to defend the body against tuberculosis? A Antibodies B Antigens C Plasma D Platelets Your answer [1]
November 2021, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q9 (1 mark): The cells in the diagram are important for defence from pathogens in the air. Which organ of the body are the cells found in? A Arteries B Brain C Lungs D Small
November 2021, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q10 (1 mark): The graph shows the link between smoking cigarettes and lung cancer. Key Cigarettes smoked Lung cancer deaths 120 5000 100 4000 80 Average number Lung cancer of
November 2021, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q12(a) (1 mark): Use the graph to describe the relationship between the HPV vaccination and risk of cervical cancer. [1]
November 2021, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q12(b) (2 marks): Explain how the vaccine for HPV prevents the pathogen causing cervical warts. [2]
November 2021, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q14(a)(i) (2 marks): Complete the table to compare some different diseases. Tick (✓) five boxes. Tuberculosis has been done for you. Disease Communicable Non- Affects Affects Caused
November 2021, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q14(a)(ii) (2 marks): TB is a disease of the lungs. TB is transmitted by breathing in when an infected person near you coughs or sneezes. One way to prevent the spread of TB is vacci
November 2021, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q14(b)(ii) (1 mark): Cardiovascular diseases affect the heart. Which lifestyle factor can increase a person’s chance of developing cardiovascular disease? Tick (✓) one box. Exercise
November 2021, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q1 (1 mark): The cells in the diagram are important for defence from pathogens in the air. Which organ of the body are the cells found in? A Arteries B Brain C Lungs D Small
November 2021, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q2 (1 mark): The graph shows the link between smoking cigarettes and lung cancer. Key Cigarettes smoked Lung cancer deaths 120 5000 100 4000 80 Average number Lung cancer of
November 2021, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q9 (1 mark): One method of surgical treatment for cardiovascular disease involves inserting a metal or plastic tube into the coronary artery. How will this surgical treatmen
November 2021, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q13(a) (2 marks): Describe the relationship between health and disease. [2]
November 2021, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q13(b)(ii) (2 marks): Women can be given a vaccine to protect against HPV. Explain why the vaccine produces an immune response to HPV but does not cause cervical warts. [2]
November 2021, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q13(b)(iii) (3 marks): Fig. 13.2 shows data for HPV vaccination rates from a country where women are screened for cervical cancer. Key Abnormal screening results for cervical cancer H
November 2021, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q13(c) (2 marks): Describe two ways scientists test new vaccines to ensure they are safe for humans. 1 2 [2]
November 2020, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q3 (1 mark): Look at the table. Makes Transports Clots blood antibodies oxygen A white blood cells platelets red blood cells B platelets white blood cells red blood cells C
November 2020, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q6 (1 mark): Which type of medicine is used to treat HIV? A Antibiotics B Antigens C Antiseptics D Antivirals Your answer [1]
November 2020, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q8 (1 mark): Different methods are used to identify which disease an animal has. Which method is not used to identify diseases? A Analysing the DNA of the pathogen. B Detect
November 2020, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q11(a) (2 marks): Diseases can be communicable or non-communicable. Which are causes of non-communicable diseases? Tick (3) two boxes. Diet high in salt Drinking contaminated wat
November 2020, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q11(b) (2 marks): Complete these sentences about plant diseases. Choose words from the list. You may use each word once, more than once, or not at all. Gall Leaf Mildew Spot Stem
November 2020, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q11(c) (2 marks): Some diseases interact with each other. Describe the interaction between HIV and tuberculosis. [2]
November 2020, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q15(a)(i) (2 marks): What conclusions can be made from the data in the chart? [2]
November 2020, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q15(a)(ii) (2 marks): Calculate the ratio for percentage of total heart disease deaths for blood cholesterol <5.0 mmol / dm3 compared to those 5.0 mmol / dm3 or greater. Ratio = [2]
November 2020, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q15(a)(iii) (2 marks): Health experts encourage people to lower their blood cholesterol to 5.0 mmol / dm3 or less. Analyse evidence in the chart to justify the reason for this. [2]
November 2020, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q15(b)(i) (2 marks): Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) involves giving oestrogen to women. A group of scientists did a double-blind study of 643 women given either HRT or a placebo.
November 2020, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q15(b)(ii) (1 mark): The reduced build-up of cholesterol observed during the study might not be large enough to have an impact on a person’s risk from heart disease. What change cou
November 2020, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q15(b)(iii) (2 marks): Oestrogen is known to interfere with the cell cycle, increasing the rate of mitosis. Suggest why HRT might increase the risk of breast cancer. [2]
November 2020, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q15(c) (1 mark): Name one lifestyle change someone could make that could also reduce the risk of heart disease. [1]
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q8 (1 mark): Chalara ash dieback is a fatal disease affecting ash trees. It is caused by a fungus growing on the leaves. When the leaves fall to the ground the fungus releas
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q11(a)(i) (2 marks): What conclusions can be made from the data in the chart? [2]
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q11(a)(ii) (2 marks): Calculate the ratio for percentage of total heart disease deaths for blood cholesterol <5.0 mmol / dm3 compared to those 5.0 mmol / dm3 or greater. Ratio = [2]
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q11(a)(iii) (2 marks): Health experts encourage people to lower their blood cholesterol to 5.0 mmol / dm3 or less. Analyse evidence in the chart to justify the reason for this. [2]
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q11(b)(i) (2 marks): Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) involves giving oestrogen to women. A group of scientists did a double-blind study of 643 women given either HRT or a placebo.
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q11(b)(ii) (1 mark): The reduced build-up of cholesterol observed during the study might not be large enough to have an impact on a person’s risk from heart disease. What change cou
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q11(b)(iii) (2 marks): Oestrogen is known to interfere with the cell cycle, increasing the rate of mitosis. Suggest why HRT might increase the risk of breast cancer. [2]
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q11(c) (1 mark): Name one lifestyle change someone could make that could also reduce the risk of heart disease. [1]
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q12(a)(i) (1 mark): Suggest why the scientist uses a glass bottle and not a plastic bottle. [1]
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q12(a)(ii) (2 marks): The neck of the glass bottle is heated before transferring the agar jelly to the Petri dish. Explain why. [2]
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q12(b)(i) (3 marks): The line XY is the diameter of clear agar jelly for Antibiotic A. Use the line XY to calculate the cross-sectional area of clear agar jelly for Antibiotic A. Th
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q12(b)(ii) (2 marks): The cross-sectional area of clear agar jelly including the antibiotic disc for Antibiotic C is 177 mm2. Which antibiotic, A or C, should the doctor use to treat
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q14(b) (2 marks): Insulin may be used to treat type 2 diabetes. Describe the interaction between type 2 diabetes and nutrition. [2]
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q14(c) (2 marks): The human genome has been mapped. Discuss how this could help with the future treatment of type 2 diabetes. [2]
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q15(a) (2 marks): Complete the sentence about cancer. Cancer is the result of changes in cells that lead to uncontrolled and . [2]
November 2020, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q15(b) (6 marks): Treatment of lung cancer can involve surgery and painful chemotherapy. Survival rates for lung cancer are low. Replication of damaged DNA can lead to cancer. A
June 2019, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q1 (1 mark): Which cell is adapted to defend the body from infection? A B C D Your answer [1]
June 2019, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q2 (1 mark): What do antibodies bind to when they defend the body? A Antigens B Platelets C Red blood cells D White blood cells Your answer [1]
June 2019, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q3 (1 mark): A surface graze on the skin might get infected. Which of these is usually used to prevent infection of grazed skin? A Antibiotic B Antiseptic C Antiviral D Vacc
June 2019, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q9 (1 mark): In 2008 there were 16 600 people with liver disease. Of these, 600 survived liver disease due to a liver transplant. Calculate the percentage of people with liv
June 2019, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q12(a) (1 mark): In which part of a human cell are HIV genes copied? Put a ring around the correct answer. chloroplast cytoplasm mitochondria nucleus [1]
June 2019, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q12(b)(i) (1 mark): Explain how removing HIV genes could affect the spread of HIV. [1]
June 2019, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q12(b)(ii) (2 marks): Suggest why some people are concerned about the use of gene technology in HIV treatment. [2]
June 2019, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q12(d) (6 marks): Some countries have set up centres where a person is counselled and tested for HIV. The aim is to reduce new infections by 50%. Describe how HIV is transmitted
June 2019, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q12(e) (2 marks): HIV invades white blood cells stopping them working. Describe the role of white blood cells in the defence against disease. [2]
June 2019, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q1 (1 mark): In 2008 there were 16 600 people with liver disease. Of these, 600 survived liver disease due to a liver transplant. Calculate the percentage of people with liv
June 2019, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q4 (1 mark): The graph shows the annual number of cancer cases worldwide and the number of cases triggered by HPV infections. Key Cervical HPV-triggered total Vaginal Types
June 2019, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q9 (1 mark): The graph shows the survival rates for two groups of patients diagnosed with ≥ 50% blockage of a coronary artery. One group was treated with surgery, the other
June 2019, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q10 (1 mark): New drugs are tested using preclinical trials. Which statement describes a preclinical trial? A One group of volunteers are given a placebo, another group the d
June 2019, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q13(a)(i) (2 marks): Write down two types of testing that can be done to identify someone with HIV. 1 2 [2]
June 2019, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q13(a)(ii) (4 marks): Humans who contract HIV do not die from the virus. Instead they die from AIDS-related diseases such as tuberculosis (TB). HIV infects human cells by inserting g
June 2019, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q13(b) (2 marks): HIV can be transmitted during unprotected sexual intercourse. Name one method of contraception and explain why it prevents the transmission of HIV. Name of meth
June 2019, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q13(c)(i) (3 marks): Scientists are trying to develop a vaccine against HIV. Explain how a vaccine could protect people against HIV. [3]
June 2019, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q13(c)(ii) (1 mark): Which type of medication can be used to treat people who already have HIV? [1]
June 2019, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q14(b)(i) (2 marks): In Fig. 14.1 the scientist uses a sterile glass rod to transfer the bacteria. Suggest why this is better than just pouring the liquid directly from the bottle.
June 2019, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q14(b)(ii) (2 marks): Some bacteria grow faster at 37 °C than at 25 °C. The scientist chooses to grow the bacteria at 25 °C. Suggest why this would be safer than growing them at 37 °
June 2019, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q14(d)(i) (1 mark): What is the final dilution factor in tube five? Final dilution factor = [1]
June 2019, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q14(d)(ii) (2 marks): The scientist puts 1 ml from each tube onto a separate agar plate. The scientist then leaves the bacteria to grow so that the bacterial colonies become visible.
June 2018, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q2 (1 mark): AIDS is a human disease. Which statement describes AIDS? A Communicable bacterial disease B Communicable viral disease C Non-communicable bacterial disease D No
June 2018, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q3 (1 mark): The diagram shows tissue that lines the airways of the lungs. This tissue has structures to help defend the body against pathogens. What are the structures? A C
June 2018, Biology Paper 2 Foundation, Q8 (1 mark): There were 452 222 adult deaths in England in 2009. It is estimated that 81 400 of these adult deaths were caused by smoking. What percentage of adult deaths we
June 2018, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q3 (1 mark): The diagram shows a virus. D A B C Which structure A, B, C or D is the antigen when the virus invades a host? [1] Your answer
June 2018, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q4 (1 mark): If a person has one disease, it is sometimes more likely that they will develop another disease. Which pair of diseases affects each other this way? A HIV infec
June 2018, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q5 (1 mark): The number of deaths in the UK in 2012 was 569 024. It is estimated that 165 818 of these were cancer-related deaths. What percentage of the deaths in the UK in
June 2018, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q9 (1 mark): Testing drugs using a double blind trial improves reliability. Why is reliability improved? A Observer and volunteer bias is not removed. B Observer and volunte
June 2018, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q10 (1 mark): Antiviral drugs can work in different ways. Which statement shows how an antiviral drug can work? A It acts as a vaccine against the virus. B It causes phagocyt
June 2018, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q12(b)(i) (3 marks): A 55 year old patient has severe chest pains due to a narrowed coronary artery. The diagram shows the cross-section of a normal coronary artery and the patient’
June 2018, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q12(b)(ii) (1 mark): Calculate the percentage reduction in cross-sectional area for the lumen of the patient’s artery. Answer = % [1]
June 2018, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q12(b)(iii) (2 marks): CVD can be treated by different combinations of lifestyle changes, medicine and surgery. Look at the information on CVD and how much the coronary artery has bee
June 2018, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q12(c) (6 marks): (c)* Doctors rely on different types of surgery to treat cardiovascular disease. The table shows features of three surgical treatments. Name of Description of t
June 2018, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q15(a) (4 marks): Describe how the galls form and cause damage to the walnut tree. [4]
June 2018, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q15(b)(i) (1 mark): Explain one reason why the scientists thought this would happen. [1]
June 2018, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q15(b)(ii) (2 marks): To what extent does the evidence support their hypothesis? Explain your answer. [2]
June 2018, Biology Paper 8 Higher, Q15(b)(iii) (2 marks): Write down two other conclusions that can be made from the data. 1 2 [2]

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