Improving processes and products: OCR GCSE Combined Science A questions

Every OCR GCSE Combined Science A exam question on C6.1 Improving processes and products, 2018–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

All 173 questions on Improving processes and products, as a list

June 2025, Chemistry Paper 3 Foundation, Q11(d)(i) (1 mark): What is a mixture of a metal and small amounts of another element called? Tick (3) one box. A compound An alloy An element [1]
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 3 Foundation, Q11(d)(ii) (1 mark): The graph shows how the strength of iron changes with the percentage of carbon it contains. 2000 1500 Strength of iron 1000 (MPa) 500 0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q3 (1 mark): When is electrolysis used to extract a metal from its ore? A The metal dissolves in water. B The metal has a high melting point. C The metal is in high demand.
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q4 (1 mark): The diagram shows the stages in a life-cycle assessment. Disposal Raw materials Use Manufacture X What is stage X? A Consumer research B Design of the product C
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q5 (1 mark): Part of the reactivity series is shown below. Aluminium most reactive Carbon Tin Lead least reactive Which metal(s) are produced when their metal oxides are hea
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q11(a) (1 mark): Which chemical is a hydrocarbon? Tick (✓) one box. Calcium carbonate – CaCO3 Hydrogen chloride – HCl Methane – CH4 [1]
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q11(b) (2 marks): Complete the sentences about crude oil. Use words from the list. cracking filtration fractional distillation neutralisation reduction The hydrocarbons in crude
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q11(c) (2 marks): The table shows the description of three resources A, B and C. Resource Type Composition A finite an element B finite a mixture of compounds C renewable a mixtu
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q14 (6 marks): 14* Containers for drinks are made from aluminium or glass. Aluminium can Glass bottle The table shows some information about the containers. Aluminium Glass ca
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q3 (1 mark): What are the optimum reaction conditions for the cracking of hydrocarbons? Temperature (°C) Catalyst A 25 not used B 25 alumina C 650 alumina D 650 not used You
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q5 (1 mark): The diagram shows information about a fraction produced in the fractional distillation of crude oil. Crude oil vapour Carbon chain length: C50 and above What is
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q6 (1 mark): These are the first four members of the alkane homologous series. Methane CH4 Ethane CH3CH3 Propane CH3CH2CH3 Butane CH3CH2CH2CH3 Which statement describes the
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q7 (1 mark): The steps in phytoextraction are listed but in the incorrect order. 1 Plants absorb metal ions through their roots. 2 Plants are burnt. 3 Plants are grown in so
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q9 (1 mark): Which equation shows a reaction where copper is extracted using electrolysis? A CuCO3(s) CuO(s) + CO2(g) B CuCl2(aq) Cu(s) + Cl2(g) C 2CuO(s) + C(s) 2Cu(s) + CO
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q12(a)(i) (3 marks): Plot the data from the table on the graph. Include a scale for the y axis. [3] Energy released (kJ/mol) 1 2 3 4 5 Number of carbon atoms in a molecule
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q12(a)(ii) (1 mark): Draw a line of best fit. [1]
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q12(a)(iii) (1 mark): Use your graph to estimate the energy released when propane burns. Energy released when propane burns = kJ / mol [1]
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q13(c)(iii) (1 mark): The metal spoon is made from an alloy of copper. Suggest a property of this alloy which makes it suitable to use in the experiment. [1]
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q15(a) (4 marks): It takes 300 MJ of energy to produce 1.0 kg of aluminium from aluminium ore. It needs 96% less energy to produce aluminium cans from recycled aluminium. One alu
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q15(b)(i) (2 marks): Evaluate the role of these recycling bins in supporting the recycling of materials such as aluminium cans. Include both a positive and a negative factor in your
June 2025, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q15(b)(ii) (2 marks): The aluminium cans which are collected are transported to a recycling plant. Outline how these aluminium cans are processed ready to be made into new products.
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 3 Foundation, Q17(g)(i) (2 marks): Calculate the percentage of lithium atoms in the alloy drawn by the student. Percentage of lithium atoms in the alloy = % [2]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 3 Foundation, Q17(g)(ii) (1 mark): Suggest a reason why the student’s diagram is incorrect. [1]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q14(a) (1 mark): Complete the sentence about crude oil. Put a ring around the correct option. Crude oil is a compound / feedstock / renewable resource used by the petrochemical
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q14(b)(i) (1 mark): Which state symbol describes the crude oil as it enters the fractionating column? Tick (3) one box. (g) (l) (s) [1]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q14(b)(ii) (1 mark): Write an X on the fractionating column where it is coolest. [1]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q14(c)(i) (1 mark): Which of the hydrocarbons P, Q, R or S is produced nearest to the top of the fractionating column? [1]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q14(c)(ii) (1 mark): Which of the hydrocarbons P, Q, R or S has the largest molecules? [1]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q14(d)(i) (1 mark): What is the formula of hydrocarbon X? [1]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q14(d)(ii) (1 mark): Which homologous series of hydrocarbons does C6H14 belong to? [1]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q14(d)(iii) (1 mark): The hydrocarbon C2H4 belongs to a different homologous series. Suggest the general formula of the homologous series that contains C2H4. Tick one (3) box. CnHn C
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q16(a) (1 mark): Give one reason why a life-cycle assessment is carried out. [1]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q16(b) (2 marks): Give two reasons why the products should be recycled at the end of their useful life. 1 2 [2]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q16(c) (3 marks): 18% of the bauxite rock is turned into aluminium. Calculate the mass of aluminium that is extracted from 7500 kg of bauxite. Give your answer to 2 significant f
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q16(e)(ii) (2 marks): Extracting aluminium by electrolysis is expensive. Which statements about why the electrolysis is expensive are true, and which are false? Tick one (3) box in e
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q16(e)(iii) (1 mark): It would be cheaper if aluminium could be extracted by heating the aluminium oxide with carbon. Explain why aluminium oxide does not react with carbon. [1]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 9 Higher, Q11(g)(i) (2 marks): Calculate the percentage of lithium atoms in the alloy drawn by the student. Percentage of lithium atoms in the alloy = % [2]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 9 Higher, Q11(g)(ii) (1 mark): Suggest a reason why the student’s diagram is incorrect. [1]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q5 (1 mark): The graph shows the supply and demand of different fractions of crude oil. Key: Supply Demand Relative amount of fractions Gases Petrol Paraffin Diesel Fuel oil
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q8 (1 mark): Which method of extracting metals involves growing plants in soil that contains metal compounds? A Bioleaching B Decomposition C Phytoextraction D Reduction You
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q11(a) (1 mark): Give one reason why a life-cycle assessment is carried out. [1]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q11(b) (2 marks): Give two reasons why the products should be recycled at the end of their useful life. 1 2 [2]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q11(c) (3 marks): 18% of the bauxite rock is turned into aluminium. Calculate the mass of aluminium that is extracted from 7500 kg of bauxite. Give your answer to 2 significant f
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q11(e)(ii) (2 marks): Extracting aluminium by electrolysis is expensive. Which statements about why the electrolysis is expensive are true, and which are false? Tick one (3) box in e
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q11(e)(iii) (1 mark): It would be cheaper if aluminium could be extracted by heating the aluminium oxide with carbon. Explain why aluminium oxide does not react with carbon. [1]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q13(a) (1 mark): Which statement describes why crude oil is called a feedstock for the petrochemical industry? Tick one (3) box. It’s a naturally occurring finite resource. It’s
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q13(b) (1 mark): Calculate the percentage of fraction W found in crude oil. Write your answer in Table 13.1. [1]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q13(c) (2 marks): The boiling point of a fraction depends on the number of carbon atoms in the molecules. Complete Table 13.2 by writing in the letters of three fractions shown i
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q13(d) (1 mark): Write the letter of the fraction shown in Table 13.1 which has the strongest intermolecular forces. [1]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q13(e)(i) (1 mark): Write the general formula for an alkane. [1]
June 2024, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q13(e)(ii) (1 mark): Write the formula for an alkane with 14 carbon atoms. [1]
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q12(a)(i) (1 mark): What is the name of the process shown in Fig. 12.1? [1]
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q12(a)(ii) (2 marks): Crude oil is heated and vaporised as it enters the column. Describe what happens to the vapours as they rise up the column. [2]
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q12(a)(iii) (1 mark): Which of the chemicals separated from crude oil has the smallest molecules? Tick (3) one box. Gases Naphtha Residue [1]
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q12(b)(i) (2 marks): Which words describe the molecule? Tick (3) two boxes. Alkane Hydrocarbon Mixture Polymer [2]
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q12(b)(ii) (1 mark): There are other molecules similar to Fig. 12.2 but with different numbers of carbon atoms. Fig. 12.3 shows how the boiling point of these molecules changes with
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q12(c) (3 marks): 160 litres of crude oil contains 75 litres of petrol. Calculate the percentage of petrol in the crude oil. Give your answer to 2 significant figures. Percentage
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q15(a)(i) (2 marks): Complete the balanced symbol equation for the reaction. [2]
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q15(a)(ii) (1 mark): Why does this reaction happen? Tick (3) one box. Carbon and iron have the same reactivity. Carbon is more reactive than iron. Iron is more reactive than carbon.
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q15(a)(iii) (1 mark): Explain how the equation shows that the iron oxide is reduced. [1]
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q15(a)(iv) (1 mark): Which chemical reduces the iron oxide, Fe2O3? Tick (3) one box. C Fe CO [1]
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q15(b) (1 mark): Iron can be recycled in 5 stages. Stage 1 Different types of waste metals are put in a recycling bin. Stage 2 These waste metals are collected. Stage 3 Stage 4
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q15(c)(i) (3 marks): Give two reasons why it is better to produce iron from recycling than in a blast furnace. Use the information from the table. 1 2 [3]
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q15(c)(ii) (2 marks): Calculate the mass of iron made from 250 tonnes of iron ore in the blast furnace. Give your answer in kilograms. (1 tonne = 1000 kg) Mass of iron = kg [2]
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q4 (1 mark): The equation shows a reaction of decane, C10H22, when it is heated with a catalyst. C10H22 → C5H12 + C3H6 + C2H4 What is the name of this process? A Cracking B
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q5 (1 mark): The diagram shows the fractional distillation of crude oil. Gases Heated crude oil Which row in the table describes the Gases fraction? Strength of Size of mole
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q7 (1 mark): Iron, Fe, can be extracted from iron oxide, Fe2O3, in a blast furnace, by the reaction shown in the equation. Fe2O3 + 3X → 2Fe + 3Y What are the formulae of X a
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q13(a)(i) (1 mark): Explain why carbon can be used to extract copper from copper oxide. [1]
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q13(a)(ii) (1 mark): One of the products of this reaction causes an environmental problem. Identify the product and describe its impact on the environment. [1]
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q13(b)(i) (1 mark): Why is process 2 described as a biological method of metal extraction? [1]
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q13(b)(ii) (2 marks): Describe two advantages of extracting copper from the solution of copper sulfate by reacting it with iron rather than using electrolysis. 1 2 [2]
June 2023, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q13(c) (2 marks): Ores are rocks that contain metals or their compounds. The table shows some information about high-grade and low-grade ores. Grade of ore Mass of ore Mass of me
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q1 (1 mark): Supplies of crude oil are running out. Which word describes crude oil? A Finite B Renewable C Reusable D Sustainable Your answer [1]
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q6 (1 mark): Alkanes are hydrocarbons with the formula CnH2n+2. Which compound is an alkane? A C6H8 B C7H12 C C8H16 D C9H20 Your answer [1]
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q8 (1 mark): The diagram shows the fractional distillation of crude oil. X Crude oil The table shows the boiling point ranges of four different fractions. Fraction Boiling p
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q12(c)(i) (1 mark): Name one metal that can be extracted by heating its oxide with carbon. [1]
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q12(c)(ii) (1 mark): Name one metal that can be extracted from its oxide by electrolysis but not by heating its oxide with carbon. [1]
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q14(a) (2 marks): Complete the sentences below to describe the experiment. Put a ring around the correct choice to complete each sentence. The experiment is called cracking / dis
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q14(c)(i) (2 marks): Write the formula of gas X. [1]
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q14(c)(ii) (2 marks): Describe what happens to a molecule of paraffin as it turns into a molecule of decane. [2]
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q14(d) (2 marks): Fig. 14.3 shows the supply and demand of different fractions of crude oil. Fig. 14.3 Key Supply Demand Relative amount of fractions Gases Petrol Paraffin Diesel
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q15 (6 marks): 15* Carrier bags can be made from either recycled paper or biodegradable plastic (which will decay and break down when in the ground). Figs 15.1 to 15.4 show in
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q5 (1 mark): The diagram shows how crude oil is separated into its fractions in a fractionating column. Gases Petrol Paraffin Diesel Fuel oil Crude oil Bitumen What is the p
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q6 (1 mark): Which compound is an alkane? A C6H8 B C7H12 C C8H16 D C9H20 Your answer [1]
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q8 (1 mark): The equation shows the extraction of iron, Fe, from an oxide of iron, X, using carbon, C. 2X + 3C → 4Fe + 3CO2 What is the formula of X? A FeO B Fe2O C Fe2O3 D
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q12(a) (1 mark): What is the name of this separation technique? [1]
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q12(b) (2 marks): Explain how a fraction is separated and collected in the experiment. [2]
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q12(c) (1 mark): A fraction with a boiling point of about 10 °C is not collected in the experiment. How could the experiment be improved so this fraction is collected? [1]
June 2022, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q12(d) (2 marks): The table shows the temperatures at which four different fractions are collected. Fraction Temperature fraction collected (°C) A below 100 B 100–150 C 150–200 D
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q3 (1 mark): The diagram shows the main stages in a life-cycle assessment of a product. Raw Stage X Manufacturing Distribution Use materials What is the name of Stage X? A D
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q7 (1 mark): Octane, C8H18, is a compound in petrol. Which statement about octane is correct? A It is a hydrocarbon with a relative molecular mass of 66. B It is a hydrocarb
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q9 (1 mark): A copper ore contains 66.4% copper. The ore is CuS. What is the maximum mass of copper that can be extracted from 500 tonnes of the ore? A 7.53 tonnes B 66.4 to
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q13(a) (1 mark): What is the name of the process used to separate crude oil into fractions? [1]
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q13(b) (1 mark): Table 13.1 shows the stages in the separation of crude oil into fractions. The stages are not in the correct order. Stages in the separation of crude oil into f
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q13(c)(i) (1 mark): Write the name of the homologous series of the gases in the LPG fraction. [1]
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q13(c)(ii) (1 mark): What is the correct general formula for this homologous series? Put a ring around the correct answer. CnHn CnH2n CnH2n+2 C2nH2n C2nH2n+2 [1]
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q13(c)(iii) (1 mark): Use the data in Table 13.2 to estimate the boiling point of butane. Estimated boiling point = °C [1]
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q15(c) (2 marks): Aluminium melts at 650 °C. Describe two reasons why it is cheaper to recycle aluminium than to produce it from electrolysis. Reason 1 Reason 2 [2]
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 9 Higher, Q13(a) (2 marks): Plot the data on the grid shown in Fig. 13.2. 350 300 Melting point 250 (°C) 200 150 0 20 40 60 80 100 Percentage of tin in solder (%) Fig. 13.2 [2]
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 9 Higher, Q13(b)(i) (1 mark): On Fig. 13.2 draw a line of best fit through the first three points and a second line of best fit through the last two points. [1]
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 9 Higher, Q13(b)(ii) (2 marks): Use the lines of best fit to work out the percentage of tin in solder with the lowest melting point. Percentage of tin = % [2]
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 9 Higher, Q13(d)(i) (1 mark): Solder is an example of a formulation. What name is given to a formulation which is a mixture of metals such as solder? [1]
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 9 Higher, Q13(d)(ii) (3 marks): Suggest whether solder is harder, softer or the same hardness as pure lead. Explain your answer using your knowledge of the properties of metals. Solder is Expl
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q1 (1 mark): A copper ore contains 66.4% copper. The ore is CuS. What is the maximum mass of copper that can be extracted from 500 tonnes of the ore? A 7.53 tonnes B 66.4 to
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q7 (1 mark): The alkanes are members of a homologous series. Which statement does not explain why alkanes are a homologous series? A They are hydrocarbons. B They have the s
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q8 (1 mark): The equation shows the reaction for the cracking of the alkane C15H32. C15H32 2C2H4 + C8H18 + X What is the formula of X? A C3H6 B C3H8 C C5H10 D C5H12 Your ans
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q14(a) (3 marks): Explain how fractional distillation separates the crude oil into fractions. [3]
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q14(b)(i) (1 mark): Which fraction, A, B, C, D, E or F, contains icosane? [1]
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q14(b)(ii) (1 mark): Icosane is converted into more useful products by cracking. State the two conditions used for cracking. 1 2 [1]
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q14(b)(iii) (1 mark): Many different products can form when cracking icosane. In one reaction, a molecule of icosane (C20H42) forms a molecule of hydrogen, H2, and one other product.
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q14(c) (6 marks): Crude oil is a mixture of alkanes which can be separated into different fractions. The different fractions have a range of different boiling points. The diagram
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q15(a) (2 marks): The ash is reacted with sulfuric acid to produce a solution of copper(II) sulfate. Copper can be extracted by adding iron to the solution of copper(II) sulfate.
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q15(b) (2 marks): 1 kg of plant ash can produce 2500 mg of copper. Calculate the mass of ash (in kg) needed to produce 50 kg of copper. 1 kg = 1 × 106 mg Mass of ash = kg [2]
November 2021, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q15(c) (2 marks): Describe one advantage and one disadvantage of producing copper by phytoextraction. Advantage: Disadvantage: [2]
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q2 (1 mark): Crude oil is a finite resource. 2 What does this mean? A Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons. B Crude oil is expensive to produce. C Crude oil is renewable.
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q5 (1 mark): A mixture contains two liquids, hexane and decane. 5 The table shows the boiling points of hexane and decane. Boiling point (°C) 69 Hexane 174 Decane Which meth
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q13(a) (1 mark): Complete the word equation for the reaction. [1] copper oxide + carbon → copper + ....
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q13(c)(i) (2 marks): Look at the mass of copper made in Experiment 3. Suggest why the result of Experiment 3 is different and why it should not be used to calculate the mean. [2]
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q15(a) (3 marks): Plastic bag C uses 31 600 J of energy for every one bag made. Calculate the energy used (in kJ) for every 100 bags of Plastic bag C made. Write your answer in s
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q15(b) (2 marks): One student thinks that Plastic bag A is the best bag to use. Another student thinks Plastic bag B is the best bag to use. Explain why both students could be co
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q17(a): Complete the flowchart with the name of Process 2.
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q17(b) (2 marks): Table 17.1 shows the supply and demand of two fractions of crude oil. Millions of barrels per day Fraction Demand Supply Petrol 26 39 11 Fuel oil 19 Table 17.1
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q17(c)(i) (1 mark): Complete Table 17.2 with an estimate of the missing boiling point for an alkane molecule with 3 carbon atoms. [1]
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q17(c)(ii) (1 mark): Write the formula for an alkane with 7 carbon atoms. ..[1]
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q6 (1 mark): Copper can be extracted from copper sulfide by heating it in air. Copper sulfide contains 74.0% copper by mass. An ore contains 2.00% copper sulfide. What is th
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q11(a) (1 mark): Complete the flowchart with the name of Process 2. [1]
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q11(b) (2 marks): Table 11.1 shows the supply and demand of two fractions of crude oil. Millions of barrels per day Fraction Supply Demand Petrol 26 39 Fuel oil 19 11 Table 11.1
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q11(c)(i) (1 mark): Complete Table 11.2 with an estimate of the missing boiling point for an alkane molecule with 3 carbon atoms. [1]
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q11(c)(ii) (1 mark): Write the formula for an alkane with 7 carbon atoms. [1]
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q17(a) (2 marks): Hexane molecules are smaller than octane molecules. Explain the difference in the boiling points of hexane and octane. [2]
November 2020, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q17(b) (2 marks): A teacher checks the boiling point of hexane. The diagram shows his experiment. Thermometer in hexane Water bath The teacher slowly heats up the water until hex
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q7 (1 mark): Aluminium is extracted from aluminium oxide using electrolysis. Carbon cannot be used to do this. Why is electrolysis used? A Aluminium is more reactive than ca
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q13(a) (1 mark): The alkane with one carbon atom, n = 1, is called methane. Write down the formula of methane. [1]
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q13(b)(i) (4 marks): Plot a graph of number of carbon atoms against energy released using the data in Table 13.1 and draw a line of best fit. 00 [4]
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q13(b)(ii) (1 mark): Use the graph to predict the energy released when methane burns (1 carbon atom). Energy released = kJ / mol [1]
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q14 (6 marks): 14* Fractional distillation can be used to separate different fractions from crude oil. Fig. 14.1 gives some information about the process. Fraction Boiling poi
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q15(a) (2 marks): Describe and explain one trend shown by the graph. [2]
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q15(b) (1 mark): State one disadvantage of recycling. [1]
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 9 Higher, Q2 (1 mark): Metals can have atoms of other elements mixed with them to change their properties. What is the name for the type of substance formed? A Alloy B Compound C Solu
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q2 (1 mark): Which row of the table is correct for cracking? Description Source of raw material A heating large molecules to make smaller molecules crude oil B heating large
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q7 (1 mark): Aluminium is extracted by electrolysis. Iron is extracted by reduction with carbon. Which row of the table explains both facts? A aluminium is more reactive tha
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q11(a) (2 marks): Describe and explain one trend shown by the graph. [2]
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q11(b) (1 mark): State one disadvantage of recycling. [1]
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q13 (6 marks): 13* Fractional distillation can be used to separate different fractions from crude oil. Fig. 13.1 and Fig. 13.2 give some information about the process. Fractio
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q16(a) (1 mark): The general formula for an alkane is CnH2n+2. Methane (n = 1) and ethane (n = 2) are the first two alkanes. Write down their chemical formulae. methane ethane [
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q16(b)(i) (2 marks): Plot a graph using the data in Table 16.1 and draw a line of best fit. Use the axes below. Energy released (kJ / mol) 0 0 Number of CH2 units per molecule [2]
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q16(b)(ii) (2 marks): Calculate the gradient (slope) of the graph. Gradient = (kJ / mol / CH2 unit per molecule) [2]
June 2019, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q16(b)(iii) (2 marks): Estimate the energy released when decane (C10H22) burns. Use your answer to (b)(ii) to help you. Energy released = kJ / mol [2]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q4 (1 mark): Iron can be extracted from its ore by heating it with carbon. Which statement is the correct explanation for this? A Iron is above carbon in the reactivity seri
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q12(a) (1 mark): Write down the name of the process that separates crude oil into fractions. [1]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q12(b) (2 marks): Name the fractions A and B. A B [2]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q12(c)(i) (1 mark): How do the sizes of molecules in petrol and diesel differ? [1]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q12(c)(ii) (3 marks): Explain why the boiling range for petrol is different from the boiling range for diesel. [3]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q12(d) (3 marks): Not enough petrol is made from crude oil to meet world demand. Oil refineries make more petrol using a process called cracking. Describe how cracking makes more
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q17(a) (2 marks): Complete the table to show the totals for each column. [2]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q17(b) (1 mark): Write down the name of process W. [1]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q17(c) (1 mark): It costs more to transport glasses made from material B. Suggest a reason why. [1]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q17(d) (2 marks): Which material should the company choose? Justify your answer. [2]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q19(a) (1 mark): Nonane is another hydrocarbon from crude oil. It contains 9 carbon atoms. Predict the formula of nonane. [1]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 4 Foundation, Q19(b) (1 mark): Write down the name of this homologous series of hydrocarbons. [1]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 9 Higher, Q5 (1 mark): What is meant by an alloy? A A compound substance B A metal used in car wheels C A mixture of metals D An element Your answer [1]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 9 Higher, Q15 (6 marks): 15* The table gives information about three polymers A, B and C. Melting Point Density Relative Polymer Relative Flexibility (g / cm3) (°C) Strength A 70 Flexib
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q1 (1 mark): Iron can be extracted from its ore by heating it with carbon. Which statement is the correct explanation for this? A Iron is above carbon in the reactivity seri
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q5 (1 mark): Which statement about the fractional distillation of crude oil is correct? A Diesel leaves the fractionating column at the bottom. B Petrol leaves the fractiona
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q10 (1 mark): Which statement about extracting copper by phytoextraction is correct? A Bacteria in the soil absorb the copper ions. B Plant ash is equivalent to a high grade
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q11(a) (2 marks): Complete the table to show the totals for each column. [2]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q11(b) (1 mark): Write down the name of process W. [1]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q11(c) (1 mark): It costs more to transport glasses made from material B. Suggest a reason why. [1]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q11(d) (2 marks): Which material should the company choose? Justify your answer. [2]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q13(a) (1 mark): Nonane is another hydrocarbon from crude oil. It contains 9 carbon atoms. Predict the formula of nonane. [1]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q13(b) (1 mark): Write down the name of this homologous series of hydrocarbons. [1]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q17(a) (1 mark): Aluminium cannot be extracted by heating aluminium oxide with carbon. Explain why. [1]
June 2018, Chemistry Paper 10 Higher, Q17(b) (1 mark): Aluminium oxide is mixed with cryolite in the electrolysis cell. Explain why cryolite is used. [1]

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