Types of chemical reactions: OCR GCSE Chemistry A questions

Every OCR GCSE Chemistry A exam question on C3.3 Types of chemical reactions, 2018–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

All 159 questions on Types of chemical reactions, as a list

June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q13 (1 mark): Sodium carbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid. Which products are made? A Sodium chloride + hydrogen + carbon dioxide B Sodium chloride + water + carbon
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q15 (1 mark): What is the ionic equation for neutralisation? H– + OH+ A H2O H+ + OH– B H2O 2H2 + 2O2– C 2H2O H+ + O2 D HO2 Your answer [1] Section B
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(a) (4 marks): The baker wants to understand how to use: • an acid (buttermilk) • and an alkali (sodium bicarbonate) to produce bubbles which cause the bread to rise. Complete
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(b)(i) (2 marks): Buttermilk is a liquid. Describe how the baker can measure the pH of the buttermilk. [2]
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(b)(ii) (1 mark): The table shows the pH of several acidic ingredients. Ingredient pH Buttermilk 4.5 Citric acid 3.0 Lemon juice 2.0 Vinegar 2.5 Yoghurt 5.0 Which ingredient is t
June 2025, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(b)(iii) (2 marks): Use the data in the table to complete the bar chart. Some of the bars have been done for you. 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 pH 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 Buttermilk Citric Aci
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q17(b)(i) (1 mark): Explain how the equation shows that molybdenum oxide, MoO3, is reduced. [1]
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q17(c)(i) (1 mark): State one observation that would show that a reaction took place. [1]
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q17(c)(ii) (2 marks): The table shows the student’s results. Metal nitrate solution Metal Metal A nitrate Metal B nitrate Metal C nitrate Metal D nitrate A ✘ ✘ ✓ ✘ B ✓ ✘ ✓ ✘ C ✘ ✘ ✘
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q17(c)(iii) (1 mark): Explain why you placed the metals in this order of reactivity. [1]
June 2025, Paper 2 Foundation, Q20(d) (2 marks): Write the balanced symbol equation for the reaction between sulfuric acid, H2SO4, and sodium hydroxide, NaOH. Sodium sulfate, Na2SO4, and water are made. [2]
June 2025, Paper 3 Higher, Q2 (1 mark): What is the ionic equation for neutralisation? H– + OH+ A H2O H+ + OH– B H2O 2H2 + 2O2– C 2H2O H+ + O2 D HO2 Your answer [1]
June 2025, Paper 3 Higher, Q5 (1 mark): Which ion do solutions of all alkalis contain? K+ A H+ B OH– C 2– D SO4 Your answer [1]
June 2025, Paper 3 Higher, Q13 (1 mark): Which of the following reactions does not show a neutralisation reaction? A Magnesium + hydrochloric acid magnesium chloride + hydrogen B Magnesium carbonate +
June 2025, Paper 3 Higher, Q15 (1 mark): Which diagram shows the titration curve when a weak base is added to a strong acid? A 14 pH 7 1 0 Volume of base added (cm3) B 14 pH 7 1 0 Volume of base added
June 2025, Paper 3 Higher, Q22(a) (3 marks): Write the balanced symbol equation for the reaction. Include state symbols. [3]
June 2025, Paper 3 Higher, Q22(f) (2 marks): Table 22.3 shows the hydrogen ion concentration and the pH for two different acids. Table 22.3 Hydrogen ion concentration Acid pH (mol / dm3) 1.0 × 10–1 1.0 Hyd
June 2025, Paper 4 Higher, Q14 (1 mark): The equation shows one stage in the extraction of the metal titanium, Ti. TiCl 2 + Mg MgCl 2 + Ti Which row in the table shows what is oxidised and what is redu
June 2025, Paper 4 Higher, Q22(c)(i) (1 mark): Explain how the equation shows that the metal oxide is reduced. [1]
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q16(d) (1 mark): Water is formed from the reaction of hydrogen, H2, and oxygen, O2. 2H2 + O2 2H2O Hydrogen is oxidised in the reaction. Explain how you can tell from the equatio
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(a) (2 marks): Complete the sentences about how the student investigates the neutralisation reaction. Use words from the list. Clamp stand Conical flask Measuring cylinder pH
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(b) (3 marks): The student adds universal indicator to the acid. The student predicts the colour change they think will happen when they add the alkali to the acid. Colour of
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(c) (3 marks): The table shows the volume of alkali the student adds in each experiment. Volume of Experiment alkali added (cm3) 1 24.2 2 24.4 3 23.9 4 24.0 Calculate the mean
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(d) (2 marks): Complete the word equation for a neutralisation reaction. acid + alkali + [2]
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(e) (1 mark): Which two ions react together in neutralisation reactions to form H2O? Put a ring around two ions. Cl + Cl – H+ H– OH+ OH– [1]
June 2024, Paper 1 Foundation, Q19(a)(i) (1 mark): Complete the balanced symbol equation for the reaction. Na2CO3(s) + H2SO4(aq) (aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g) [1]
June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q9 (1 mark): The table shows the results of the reactions between four metals and their metal oxides. Key: ✓ = reaction ✗ = no reaction Metal W oxide Metal X oxide Metal Y o
June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q19(a) (1 mark): What is the name of the piece of equipment labelled X? [1]
June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q19(b) (1 mark): The student places the conical flask on a white tile. Explain why. [1]
June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q19(c) (1 mark): The student adds the alkali to the acid drop by drop near the endpoint of the titration. Explain why. [1]
June 2024, Paper 2 Foundation, Q19(d) (2 marks): The neutralisation reaction between sodium hydroxide solution, NaOH, and dilute hydrochloric acid, HCl, makes a salt and water. Write the balanced symbol equati
June 2024, Paper 3 Higher, Q4 (1 mark): Which statement about a reducing agent is correct? A It oxidises another species and is itself oxidised. B It oxidises another species and is itself reduced. C
June 2024, Paper 3 Higher, Q5 (1 mark): Which statement about alkalis is correct? They form H+ ions in solution. A B They have a pH value greater than 7. C They react with metals to form a salt and hy
June 2024, Paper 3 Higher, Q10 (1 mark): Zinc reacts with iron chloride to form zinc chloride and iron. Zn + FeCl 2 ZnCl 2 + Fe What is the balanced ionic equation for this reaction? Zn + Fe+ Zn+ + Fe
June 2024, Paper 3 Higher, Q14 (1 mark): Solutions can have different pH values. Which two solutions have concentrations of H+ ions that differ by a factor of 100? A pH 1 and pH 2 B pH 1 and pH 4 C pH
June 2024, Paper 3 Higher, Q19(c)(i) (2 marks): Which statements about acid solutions are correct? Tick (3) two boxes. A dilute solution has a low ratio of acid to volume of solution. A dilute solution of aci
June 2024, Paper 3 Higher, Q19(c)(ii) (2 marks): A student makes an acid solution with a pH of 3. Describe two things the student could do to make a solution with a lower pH. 1 2 [2]
June 2024, Paper 3 Higher, Q22(a) (3 marks): Which method should the student use to make their sample? Explain your answer. Method Reason [3]
June 2024, Paper 3 Higher, Q22(b) (1 mark): A teacher shows the student how to purify magnesium carbonate. If the student knows how to purify magnesium carbonate, should they use the same method as they u
June 2024, Paper 3 Higher, Q22(c)(i) (2 marks): Complete the balanced equation. Include state symbols. MgCO3(s) + 2HCl (aq) ( ) + H2O(l) + ( ) [2]
June 2024, Paper 4 Higher, Q18(c)(i) (2 marks): Explain why this is an example of a redox reaction. [2]
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q3 (1 mark): Which row of results shows that the pH of a solution is acidic? pH Universal indicator colour A 3 orange B 10 blue C 3 blue D 10 orange Your answer [1]
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q14 (1 mark): Nitrogen monoxide, NO, can be oxidised to form nitrogen dioxide, NO2. 2NO + O2 2NO2 What is the oxidising agent in this reaction? A Nitrogen B Nitrogen dioxide
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q21(a) (1 mark): Which statement about acids and alkalis is correct? Tick (3) one box. A reaction between an acid and an alkali is neutralisation. Acids form OH– ions in solutio
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q21(b)(i) (3 marks): Calculate the mean mass of magnesium sulfate, MgSO4, made. Give your answer to 3 significant figures. Mean mass of magnesium sulfate = g [3]
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q21(b)(ii) (2 marks): Complete the balanced symbol equation for the reaction. Include state symbols. H2SO4 (aq) + MgCO3(s) MgSO4(aq) + ( ) + ( ) [2]
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q21(b)(iii) (1 mark): How does the scientist remove the unreacted solid magnesium carbonate, MgCO3(s)? [1]
June 2023, Paper 1 Foundation, Q21(b)(iv) (1 mark): How does the scientist obtain pure dry magnesium sulfate crystals from magnesium sulfate solution? [1]
June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q17(d) (2 marks): Iron is a transition metal. The list shows the reactivity series of some metals. The element carbon is also included. Sodium Most reactive Calcium Magnesium Car
June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q17(e)(i) (1 mark): Write the balanced symbol equation for this reaction. [1]
June 2023, Paper 2 Foundation, Q19(b)(i) (1 mark): What type of reaction is this? Tick (3) one box. Polymerisation Neutralisation Reversible Thermal decomposition [1]
June 2023, Paper 3 Higher, Q9 (1 mark): Which statement about an oxidising agent is correct? A It gains oxygen in a reaction. B It is oxidised in a reaction. C It is reduced in a reaction. D It loses
June 2023, Paper 3 Higher, Q10 (1 mark): A solution of hydrochloric acid is pH 2. The acid solution is diluted, and the pH is now 3. By what factor is the acid solution diluted? A 5 B 10 C 100 D 1000 Y
June 2023, Paper 3 Higher, Q13 (1 mark): Which diagram represents a strong, dilute acid? A B H+ H+ H+ HA H+ A– A– A– A– H+ A– A– HA A– H+ H+ HA C D A– H+ HA H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ A– A– A– A– A– HA H+ H+ H+ HA
June 2023, Paper 3 Higher, Q16(a) (1 mark): Which statement about acids and alkalis is correct? Tick (3) one box. A reaction between an acid and an alkali is neutralisation. Acids form OH– ions in solutio
June 2023, Paper 3 Higher, Q16(b)(i) (3 marks): Calculate the mean mass of magnesium sulfate, MgSO4, made. Give your answer to 3 significant figures. Mean mass of magnesium sulfate = g [3]
June 2023, Paper 3 Higher, Q16(b)(ii) (2 marks): Complete the balanced symbol equation for the reaction. Include state symbols. H2SO4 (aq) + MgCO3(s) MgSO4(aq) + ( ) + ( ) [2]
June 2023, Paper 3 Higher, Q16(b)(iii) (1 mark): How does the scientist remove the unreacted solid magnesium carbonate, MgCO3(s)? [1]
June 2023, Paper 3 Higher, Q16(b)(iv) (1 mark): How does the scientist obtain pure dry magnesium sulfate crystals from magnesium sulfate solution? [1]
June 2023, Paper 4 Higher, Q5 (1 mark): This is the balanced symbol equation for the reaction of copper oxide with carbon. 2CuO + C 2Cu + CO2 What happens to the copper oxide in this reaction? A It is
June 2023, Paper 4 Higher, Q22(b)(i) (1 mark): Explain why this half equation shows reduction. [1]
June 2023, Paper 4 Higher, Q22(b)(ii) (2 marks): Write the balanced half equation for the reaction of the bromide ions. [2]
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q5 (1 mark): The table shows the results when four solutions are tested with universal indicator and a pH probe. Colour when universal Reading on Solution indicator is added
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(a) (1 mark): Complete the word equation for neutralisation. acid + alkali salt + [1]
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(b)(i) (1 mark): What is the name of the salt made? [1]
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(c)(i) (3 marks): The student wants to prepare a pure, dry sample of the soluble salt. This is made by reacting magnesium carbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid. Select the three
June 2022, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(c)(ii) (3 marks): The student does the experiment 4 times. They measure the mass of salt produced. Their results are shown in the table. Experiment number Mass of salt (g) 1 20.9
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q11 (1 mark): The list shows the reactivity series of some metals. The non-metal element carbon is also included. most reactive potassium sodium magnesium aluminium carbon zi
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q12 (1 mark): Why is magnesium more reactive with dilute acids than zinc? A Magnesium forms positive ions more easily than zinc. B Magnesium forms negative ions more easily t
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q23(a) (1 mark): State the name of the soluble salt, X. [1]
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q23(b) (1 mark): State the name of gas Y. [1]
June 2022, Paper 2 Foundation, Q23(e) (1 mark): Copper metal is extracted from copper oxide by heating with carbon as shown in the equation. copper oxide + carbon copper + carbon dioxide Explain why copper is
June 2022, Paper 3 Higher, Q5 (1 mark): What is an oxidising agent? A A species that causes oxidation but does not get oxidised or reduced itself. B A species that is oxidised and reduced. C A species
June 2022, Paper 3 Higher, Q18(a) (6 marks): A scientist investigates three solutions, A, B and C. They want to find out if the solutions are acids or alkalis. They don’t have any universal indicator or a
June 2022, Paper 3 Higher, Q18(b) (3 marks): The graphs show the titration curves for three different experiments. Draw three lines to connect each titration curve with its correct description. Titration c
June 2022, Paper 3 Higher, Q18(c) (2 marks): Write the ionic symbol equation for a neutralisation reaction. Include state symbols. [2]
June 2022, Paper 4 Higher, Q17(a) (1 mark): State the name of the soluble salt, X. [1]
June 2022, Paper 4 Higher, Q17(b) (1 mark): State the name of gas Y. [1]
June 2022, Paper 4 Higher, Q17(e) (1 mark): Copper metal is extracted from copper oxide by heating with carbon as shown in the equation. copper oxide + carbon copper + carbon dioxide Explain why copper is
June 2022, Paper 4 Higher, Q20 (6 marks): 20* Magnesium sulfate, MgSO4, is made by a neutralisation reaction. Methods 1 and 2 show two different ways of making magnesium sulfate. Method 1 – Reaction of
June 2022, Paper 4 Higher, Q22(a)(ii) (1 mark): The student uses methyl orange as the indicator in the experiment. Explain why the student does not use universal indicator. [1]
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q3 (1 mark): A student measures the pH of a solution and finds that the pH is 5. Which of these statements is correct? A The solution is a strong acid. B The solution is a w
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q16(a) (2 marks): Complete Table 16.1. [2]
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q19(a) (2 marks): Table 19.1 shows the cations and anions in solutions of sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid. Solution Cation Anion Na+ NaOH H2SO4 SO4 - Table 19.1 Complete Table
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q19(b)(i) (2 marks): The student repeats the experiment and stops the reaction at a neutral pH. The student thinks the solution in the conical flask contains more hydrogen ions than
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q19(b)(ii) (2 marks): The student repeats the reaction and stops the reaction at a neutral pH. Write down what you would see when taking the pH of a neutral solution, using a pH prob
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q19(c) (2 marks): When sodium hydroxide, NaOH, reacts with sulfuric acid, H2SO4, sodium sulfate, Na2SO4, and water are made. Complete the balanced symbol equation for the reactio
November 2021, Paper 1 Foundation, Q19(d) (1 mark): The student repeats the experiment using solutions of three different acids. Table 19.2 shows their results. The concentration of sodium hydroxide solution used
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q18(g)(i) (1 mark): Explain how the student can make sure that the reaction is complete. [1]
November 2021, Paper 2 Foundation, Q18(g)(ii) (1 mark): Ammonia solution releases small amounts of ammonia gas. Ammonia is a colourless gas with a sharp, irritating smell. Describe how to control one hazard when maki
November 2021, Paper 3 Higher, Q6 (1 mark): Copper oxide reacts with carbon. Oxidation takes place in this reaction. 2CuO + C 2Cu + CO2 Which substance is oxidised? A C B CO2 C Cu D CuO Your answer [1]
November 2021, Paper 3 Higher, Q7 (1 mark): Sulfuric acid, H2SO4, reacts with sodium hydroxide, NaOH, in a neutralisation reaction. What are the products of this reaction? A Sodium sulfate and hydrogen B
November 2021, Paper 3 Higher, Q18(d)(i) (1 mark): Explain why the student’s method does not work. [1]
November 2021, Paper 3 Higher, Q18(d)(ii) (2 marks): Suggest two ways the method could be changed to produce a pure, dry sample of magnesium chloride, MgCl2. 1 2 [2]
November 2021, Paper 3 Higher, Q21(c)(i) (3 marks): The diagrams show four different types of acid solutions. The acid molecule is represented as HA. The ions formed in solution are represented as H+ and A-. Draw
November 2021, Paper 3 Higher, Q21(c)(ii) (2 marks): The scientist titrates a solution of the painkiller against a solution of sodium hydroxide, NaOH. The titration curve is shown. 14 12 10 8 pH 6 4 2 0 0 5 10 15
November 2021, Paper 3 Higher, Q22(d)(ii) (3 marks): Sulfur trioxide reacts with water to form sulfuric acid. • A scientist measures the pH of some dilute sulfuric acid. The pH is 2. The scientist makes a solution
November 2021, Paper 4 Higher, Q6 (1 mark): When iron rusts it forms hydrated iron(III) oxide. 4Fe + 3O2 2Fe2O3 What happens to iron in this reaction? A Iron is decomposed. B Iron is neutralised. C Iron i
November 2021, Paper 4 Higher, Q9 (1 mark): What is the balanced half equation for the formation of bromine from bromide ions? Br – – e– A Br B Br – Br – e– C 2Br – – 2e– Br2 D 2Br – Br2 – 2e– Your answer
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q5 (1 mark): Sodium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid. Sodium chloride and water are made. What is the name of this type of reaction? A Neutralisation B Oxidation C Re
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q6 (1 mark): Neutralisation occurs when acids react with alkalis. What is the ionic equation for neutralisation? H+ + OH− A H2O H− + OH+ B H2O H+ + OH+ C H2O H− + OH− D H2O
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(a)(i) (1 mark): What makes a substance acidic? [1]
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(a)(ii) (2 marks): Sodium hydroxide, NaOH, is an alkali. Sodium hydroxide neutralises sulfuric acid, H2SO4. The reaction makes a salt called sodium sulfate, Na2SO4. Water is also
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(b)(i) (1 mark): Suggest a piece of equipment that the student could use instead of universal indicator paper to test the pH of the solution. [1]
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(b)(ii) (2 marks): Describe how to use the equipment suggested in (b)(i). [2]
November 2020, Paper 1 Foundation, Q17(c) (6 marks): Acids are substances that turn universal indicator paper red. (c)* Potassium chloride is a mineral found in many foods. A student wants to make a salt called po
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q13 (1 mark): Zinc, Zn, reacts with copper sulfate solution, CuSO4. Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s) What type of reaction is this? A Combustion B Displacement C Neutralis
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q17(c)(i) (1 mark): What colour is iron sulfate solution? [1]
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q17(c)(ii) (2 marks): Write down the order of reactivity of the four metals copper, iron, magnesium and zinc. Use Table 17.2 to help you. most reactive least reactive [2]
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q17(c)(iii) (1 mark): Magnesium reacts with copper sulfate, CuSO4. Magnesium sulfate, MgSO4, and copper are made. Write the balanced symbol equation for this reaction. [1]
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q20(a) (2 marks): Complete the word equation for the reaction of an acid with an alkali. acid + alkali + [2]
November 2020, Paper 2 Foundation, Q20(b) (2 marks): Look at the student’s method for her experiment. Pipette Filler Burette Pipette Conical Flask Conical Flask Measure 25.0 cm3 of alkali solution into a conical f
November 2020, Paper 3 Higher, Q11 (1 mark): Magnesium powder reacts with copper(II) oxide. Magnesium oxide and copper are made. Mg + CuO MgO + Cu Which substance is the reducing agent? A Magnesium B Coppe
November 2020, Paper 3 Higher, Q15 (1 mark): 3−. 15 Phosphoric acid contains phosphate ions, PO4 Phosphoric acid is completely neutralised by sodium hydroxide. What is the formula of the salt that is made?
November 2020, Paper 3 Higher, Q19(a) (6 marks): A farmer wants to test the pH of soil samples. He researches information about different pH test kits. Look at the information he finds. pH of soil sample pH te
November 2020, Paper 3 Higher, Q21(b)(ii) (1 mark): Sodium hydroxide neutralises acids. It is an alkali. Which ion do solutions of alkalis contain? [1]
November 2020, Paper 3 Higher, Q21(b)(iii) (1 mark): A salt is made when sodium hydroxide neutralises sulfuric acid. Name this salt. [1]
November 2020, Paper 3 Higher, Q21(b)(iv) (2 marks): A sample of hydrochloric acid has a pH of 1.04. A student adds water to the hydrochloric acid until the pH is 3.04. The concentration of hydrogen ions decreases
November 2020, Paper 4 Higher, Q18(b) (1 mark): Sodium ions, Na+, are formed when sodium reacts with water. Look at the equation. It shows how a sodium ion is formed from a sodium atom. Na – e− Na+ The symbol
November 2020, Paper 4 Higher, Q22(a) (2 marks): Write down the order of reactivity of the four metals A, B, C and D. most reactive least reactive [2]
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q9 (1 mark): Lemon juice can be described as a weak acid. What is the pH value for a weak acid? A pH 1 B pH 4 C pH 7 D pH 14 Your answer [1]
June 2019, Paper 1 Foundation, Q19(a)(iii) (1 mark): The experiment is repeated with aluminium and hydrochloric acid. Write down the name of the salt produced in this reaction. [1]
June 2019, Paper 2 Foundation, Q18(a)(ii) (1 mark): Iron oxide is reduced during this reaction. Explain how you can tell that iron oxide is reduced. [1]
June 2019, Paper 2 Foundation, Q18(b)(i) (1 mark): Zinc is usually extracted from zinc oxide by heating zinc oxide with carbon. Explain why. Use the reactivity series to help you. [1]
June 2019, Paper 2 Foundation, Q18(b)(ii) (1 mark): Aluminium is extracted from aluminium oxide by electrolysis. Explain why. Use the reactivity series to help you. [1]
June 2019, Paper 2 Foundation, Q19(c) (2 marks): Ammonium sulfate is a salt used as a fertiliser. Ammonium sulfate can be made in a laboratory in a batch process. Ammonia solution is titrated with dilute sulfu
June 2019, Paper 2 Foundation, Q19(d) (4 marks): Calcium sulfate is another salt. A student made some calcium sulfate. Look at the method he used: pour 100 cm3 of calcium nitrate solution into a beaker • • add
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q6 (1 mark): Magnesium reacts with copper oxide. Magnesium oxide and copper are made. magnesium + copper oxide magnesium oxide + copper Which substance is the reducing agent
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q19(c)(ii) (1 mark): Chlorine gas, Cl 2, reacts with barium, Ba. Barium chloride, BaCl 2, is made. Write a balanced half equation for chlorine in this reaction. [1]
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q20(a)(i) (3 marks): Plot a graph of the pH value against the amount of hydrochloric acid added and draw a line of best fit. [3]
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q20(a)(ii) (1 mark): Use your graph to estimate the volume of hydrochloric acid when the pH is 10. Volume of hydrochloric acid = cm3 [1]
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q20(a)(iii) (1 mark): What happens to the concentration of hydroxide ions, OH−, as the hydrochloric acid is added to the sodium hydroxide? [1]
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q20(a)(iv) (1 mark): Acidic solutions contain hydrogen ions, H+. Alkaline solutions contain hydroxide ions, OH−. Write the balanced ionic equation for neutralisation. [1]
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q20(b) (2 marks): Hydrochloric acid, HCl (aq), is a strong acid. Ethanoic acid, CH3COOH (aq), is a weak acid. Explain the difference between a strong and a weak acid. [2]
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q20(c)(i) (2 marks): Nitric acid, HNO3, is another strong acid. Nitric acid has a pH of 2. The teacher adds enough water to reduce the concentration of the nitric acid by a factor o
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q20(c)(ii) (1 mark): Nitric acid, HNO3, can also neutralise sodium hydroxide, NaOH. Sodium nitrate, NaNO3, and water are made. Write a balanced symbol equation for this reaction. [1
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q20(c)(iii) (2 marks): Describe how dry sodium nitrate crystals can be made using this reaction. [2]
June 2019, Paper 3 Higher, Q22(a)(ii) (1 mark): In step 2 the lead oxide is reduced by carbon. PbO + C Pb + CO Explain, in terms of electron transfer, why carbon is called a reducing agent in this reaction. [
June 2019, Paper 4 Higher, Q18(d)(i) (2 marks): What should the student have done to obtain pure ammonium sulfate crystals? [2]
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q1 (1 mark): Which of these pH values shows the pH of a strong acid? A 1 B 5 C 7 D 10 Your answer [1]
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q7 (1 mark): Look at the equation. CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O Which substance is oxidised in this reaction? A CH4 B CO2 C H2O D O2 Your answer [1]
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q8 (1 mark): Look at the equation. CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O Which substance is the oxidising agent in this reaction? A CH4 B CO2 C H2O D O2 Your answer [1]
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q12 (1 mark): What is the name of the gas made when zinc carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid? A Carbon dioxide B Chlorine C Hydrogen D Oxygen Your answer [1]
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q13 (1 mark): Which equation represents neutralisation? 2H+ A H2 H+ + OH– B H2O H+ + OH– C H2O 2OH– D O2 + H2 Your answer [1]
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q26(a) (4 marks): Describe how he can do this. Include the apparatus he should use and his method. [4]
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q26(b) (1 mark): Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction. [1]
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q26(c) (3 marks): The student also investigates other reactions. The table shows the salts he can make from different starting materials. Complete the table. Acid used Other star
June 2018, Paper 1 Foundation, Q26(d) (1 mark): What type of reaction happens when sulfuric acid reacts with copper oxide? [1]
June 2018, Paper 3 Higher, Q1 (1 mark): What is the name of the gas made when magnesium reacts with sulfuric acid? A Carbon dioxide B Carbon monoxide C Hydrogen D Oxygen Your answer [1]
June 2018, Paper 3 Higher, Q2 (1 mark): Which equation represents neutralisation? 4H+ A 2H2 2H+ + O2– B H2O H+ + OH– C H2O H2O + O2– D O2 + H2 Your answer [1]
June 2018, Paper 3 Higher, Q5 (1 mark): Look at the equation. CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O Which substance is the oxidising agent in this reaction? A CH4 B CO2 C H2O D O2 Your answer [1]
June 2018, Paper 3 Higher, Q10 (1 mark): Which is the best explanation of a concentrated acid? A The acid is completely ionised in solution in water. B The acid is partially ionised in solution in wate
June 2018, Paper 3 Higher, Q11 (1 mark): Magnesium is heated in a crucible. Porcelain crucible Magnesium ribbon inside crucible Heat The mass of the crucible and magnesium increases. Which statement is
June 2018, Paper 3 Higher, Q12 (1 mark): The equation shows a reaction that involves both oxidation and reduction. Fe2O3 + 2Al Al2O3 + 2Fe Which statement about reduction is correct? A The gain of oxyg
June 2018, Paper 3 Higher, Q17(a) (4 marks): Describe how he can do this. Include the apparatus he should use and his method. [4]
June 2018, Paper 3 Higher, Q17(b) (1 mark): Write a balanced symbol equation for the reaction. [1]
June 2018, Paper 3 Higher, Q17(c) (3 marks): The student also investigates other reactions. The table shows the salts he can make from different starting materials. Complete the table. Acid used Other star
June 2018, Paper 3 Higher, Q17(d) (1 mark): What type of reaction happens when sulfuric acid reacts with copper oxide? [1]
June 2018, Paper 4 Higher, Q20(c)(i) (1 mark): What is the pH value when 15 cm3 of alkali has been added? Answer = [1]

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