Transport: Edexcel International GCSE Biology questions

Every Edexcel International GCSE Biology exam question on Transport (specification points 2.51–2.69), 2019–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

All 198 questions on Transport, as a list

June 2025, Paper 1, Q4(a)(i) (2 marks): Name two substances carried in the phloem. (2) 1 2
June 2025, Paper 1, Q4(a)(ii) (3 marks): Explain why insects feeding from the phloem can reduce crop yield from the orange trees. (3)
June 2025, Paper 1, Q7(a)(i) (1 mark): Which component is a red blood cell? (1) A P B Q C S D T
June 2025, Paper 1, Q7(a)(ii) (1 mark): Which component is a platelet? (1) A P B Q C R D T
June 2025, Paper 1, Q7(a)(iii) (1 mark): Which component is a lymphocyte? (1) A P B Q C R D S
June 2025, Paper 1, Q7(a)(iv) (1 mark): Which mineral ion is found in haemoglobin? (1) A calcium B iron C magnesium D sodium
June 2025, Paper 1, Q7(b) (4 marks): Some types of blood cells are involved in the human immune response. Describe how the human immune system reacts to an infection. (4)
June 2025, Paper 1, Q7(c)(i) (3 marks): Each blood sample has a volume of 2 mm3. Calculate the number of red blood cells in a 2 mm3 sample of blood. Give your answer in standard form. [1 dm3 = 1 × 106
June 2025, Paper 1, Q7(c)(ii) (5 marks): Comment on the effects that the numbers of each blood component could have on the person with the blood condition. Use the data in the table and your own knowle
June 2025, Paper 2, Q5(a) (1 mark): Which area of the leaf contains xylem vessels? (1) A W B X C Y D Z
June 2025, Paper 2, Q5(b)(i) (2 marks): The inside of the capillary tube is a cylinder shape. The air bubble moves a length, l, of 5.2 cm in 5 minutes. The inside of the capillary tube has a radius, r
June 2025, Paper 2, Q5(b)(ii) (4 marks): Describe how the student can use the apparatus to investigate the effect of changing wind speed on water uptake by the cut plant shoot. (4)
June 2025 (R), Paper 2, Q3(a) (1 mark): Name the piece of apparatus used in this investigation. (1) A bubble potometer B hydrometer C osmometer D weight potometer
June 2025 (R), Paper 2, Q3(b) (2 marks): The total mass changes from 207.25 g to 204.50 g in the first 48 hours. Calculate, in grams per hour, the rate of change of mass. Give your answer to two signif
June 2025 (R), Paper 2, Q3(c) (2 marks): Explain why the student repeats the investigation with the same conditions. (2)
June 2025 (R), Paper 2, Q3(d)(i) (2 marks): Describe how the student could investigate the effect that moving air has on the change in mass. (2)
June 2025 (R), Paper 2, Q3(d)(ii) (3 marks): Explain the effect that faster moving air has on the change in mass. (3)
June 2025 (R), Paper 2, Q3(e) (2 marks): Describe how the student could modify the investigation to study the role of roots in the loss of water from a plant. (2)
June 2025 (R), Paper 2, Q5(c) (2 marks): There is some evidence that cloned cattle may have weakened immune systems. Explain why a weakened immune system can affect the health of cloned cattle. (2)
November 2024, Paper 2, Q1(c) (3 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Kidney transplants The main role of the k
November 2024, Paper 2, Q1(d) (2 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Kidney transplants The main role of the k
November 2024, Paper 2, Q1(f) (1 mark): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Kidney transplants The main role of the k
November 2024, Paper 2, Q3(b) (3 marks): Describe the role of platelets in the body. (3)
November 2024, Paper 2, Q3(c) (4 marks): Explain how vaccination protects the body from disease. (4)
June 2024, Paper 1, Q7(a) (3 marks): Human blood contains red blood cells and white blood cells. Give three differences in structure between red blood cells and white blood cells. (3) 1 2 3
June 2024, Paper 1, Q7(b)(i) (3 marks): The blood volume of a woman living at an altitude of 1890 m is 4.3 litres. Calculate the total number of red blood cells in this person. Give your answer in sta
June 2024, Paper 1, Q7(b)(ii) (2 marks): Calculate the percentage difference in mean mass of haemoglobin in 1 litre of blood in men living at 2270 m compared with men living at sea level. (2) percentag
June 2024, Paper 1, Q7(b)(iii) (5 marks): Discuss the relationship between altitude and mean mass of haemoglobin in 1 litre of blood and the number of red cells in 1 litre of blood in men and women. Use
June 2024, Paper 2, Q2(a)(i) (4 marks): Describe how to set up and use the student’s apparatus to test this prediction. (4)
June 2024, Paper 2, Q2(a)(ii) (1 mark): State the dependent variable in this investigation. (1)
June 2024, Paper 2, Q2(b)(i) (2 marks): Explain why light intensity changes the mean volume of water lost by the shoot. (2)
June 2024, Paper 2, Q2(b)(ii) (3 marks): The student repeats the experiment with a plant that is adapted to live in desert environments. Table 2 shows the results for this desert plant. Light intensity
June 2024 (R), Paper 1, Q7(a)(i) (4 marks): Explain two differences between the structure of the wall of an artery and the wall of a vein. (4) 1 2
June 2024 (R), Paper 1, Q7(a)(ii) (3 marks): The diagram shows a cross-section of a coronary artery from a healthy person and from a person with CHD. Artery from a healthy person Artery from a person with
June 2024 (R), Paper 1, Q7(b)(i) (1 mark): Give one risk factor for CHD, other than genetics and smoking. (1)
June 2024 (R), Paper 1, Q7(b)(ii) (5 marks): Comment on the relationship between the number of risk factor alleles and smoking on the risk of developing CHD. Use data from the graph to help your answer. (5
November 2023, Paper 1, Q4(a) (2 marks): State two differences between the normal blood sample and the sample from the patient with the blood condition. (2) 1 2
November 2023, Paper 1, Q4(c) (2 marks): In a healthy person 1 cm3 of blood contains 5.0 × 109 red blood cells. An adult has 5.0 litres (5.0 dm3) of blood in their body. Calculate the number of red blo
November 2023, Paper 1, Q4(d) (4 marks): Using the information from the diagram and your own knowledge, comment on the likely effect of the blood condition on the patient. (4)
June 2023, Paper 1, Q5(a) (2 marks): State two other components of blood. (2) 1 2
June 2023, Paper 1, Q5(b) (4 marks): Some white blood cells destroy pathogens. The diagram shows four stages in this process. bacterium 1 2 3 4 Describe what is happening in each stage of this proc
June 2023, Paper 1, Q5(c)(i) (3 marks): The actual diameter of this human red blood cell is 8.1 µm. Determine the magnification of the picture. [1 mm = 1000 µm] (3) magnification =
June 2023, Paper 1, Q5(c)(ii) (5 marks): Patients with reduced numbers of red blood cells are described as anaemic. In an investigation, scientists measure the percentage oxygen saturation of the blood
June 2023, Paper 2, Q2(a) (1 mark): State the reason for using the oil. (1)
June 2023, Paper 2, Q2(b)(i) (2 marks): The volume of water taken up by the plant shoot is equal to the change in volume of water in the measuring cylinder. This is called the water uptake. Calculate,
June 2023, Paper 2, Q2(b)(ii) (4 marks): Comment on the changes in total mass of the measuring cylinder and plant shoot, compared with the changes in volume of water in the measuring cylinder. [1 cm3 o
June 2023, Paper 2, Q2(c) (3 marks): Explain why the rate of water loss would be different if a working fan is placed in front of the plant shoot. (3)
June 2023 (R), Paper 1, Q5(a)(i) (1 mark): Which row of the table correctly identifies chambers W and Z? (1) W Z A left atrium right ventricle B left ventricle right atrium C right atrium left ventricle
June 2023 (R), Paper 1, Q5(a)(ii) (2 marks): Give two differences between the composition of the blood in X and Y. (2)
June 2023 (R), Paper 1, Q5(b)(i) (2 marks): The cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped out by the left ventricle in one minute. The stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped out by the left ventri
June 2023 (R), Paper 1, Q5(b)(ii) (5 marks): Plot a graph to show the heart rate of the untrained volunteer and the trained athlete when resting and during exercise from 0 minutes (when at rest) to 12 minu
June 2023 (R), Paper 1, Q5(b)(iii) (4 marks): Explain why the trained athlete can run faster than the untrained volunteer. Use the information in the table to support your answer. (4)
June 2023 (R), Paper 2, Q2(c) (4 marks): Root hair cells are specialised cells adapted for their functions. Explain how root hair cells are adapted for their functions in the plant. (4)
January 2023, Paper 1, Q2(a)(i) (1 mark): Draw an X on the diagram to show the position of the septum. (1)
January 2023, Paper 1, Q2(a)(ii) (2 marks): State two differences between the composition of the blood in the coronary artery and the composition of the blood in the coronary vein. (2) 1 2
January 2023, Paper 1, Q2(a)(iii) (3 marks): Explain the differences between the left ventricle wall and the right ventricle wall. (3)
January 2023, Paper 1, Q2(b) (4 marks): The development of coronary heart disease is linked to a number of factors. Explain how these factors can increase the risk of developing coronary heart disease
January 2023, Paper 1, Q3(c) (3 marks): Human breast milk contains special proteins that give immunity to the baby. Explain how these proteins can help protect the baby from disease. (3)
January 2023, Paper 2, Q6(b)(i) (3 marks): The immune system of dogs works in a similar way to the immune system of humans. Explain how the rabies vaccine prevents dogs from developing rabies. (3)
January 2023, Paper 2, Q6(b)(ii) (4 marks): Discuss the effects of the use of the rabies vaccine to immunise domestic dogs on the number of cases of rabies in humans. Use information from the graph to sup
January 2023 (R), Paper 1, Q9(a)(i) (1 mark): What is the name of the blood vessel labelled Z? (1)
January 2023 (R), Paper 1, Q9(a)(ii) (1 mark): Which labelled blood vessel contains blood with the lowest concentration of carbon dioxide? (1) A W B X C Y D Z
January 2023 (R), Paper 1, Q9(b) (2 marks): Give two differences in the structure of the blood vessel labelled V and the structure of the blood vessel labelled Y. (2) 1 2
January 2023 (R), Paper 1, Q9(c)(i) (2 marks): Give two other risk factors for coronary heart disease. (2) 1 2
January 2023 (R), Paper 1, Q9(c)(ii) (4 marks): Scientists compared the relationship between blood pressure and the number of deaths from coronary heart disease in Northern Europe, Eastern Europe and Japan. T
January 2023 (R), Paper 2, Q1(a) (2 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Antitranspirants Antitranspirants are sub
January 2023 (R), Paper 2, Q1(d)(ii) (2 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Antitranspirants Antitranspirants are sub
January 2023 (R), Paper 2, Q1(f) (4 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Antitranspirants Antitranspirants are sub
January 2023 (R), Paper 2, Q6(a) (3 marks): Determine the difference in the percentage change in the number of cases of measles between 1950 and 1965 and the percentage change in the number of cases of me
January 2023 (R), Paper 2, Q6(b) (4 marks): Explain the relationship between the number of cases of measles and the percentage of five year‑olds vaccinated. Use information from the graph in your answer.
January 2023 (R), Paper 2, Q6(c) (2 marks): Some children are receiving treatments that reduce the activity of their immune system. Explain why vaccinations are not used on these children. (2)
June 2022, Paper 1, Q5(c) (2 marks): The allergic response to pollen is part of the body’s immune response. Explain what is meant by the term immune response. (2)
June 2022, Paper 1, Q7(a)(i) (1 mark): Which blood vessel brings deoxygenated blood to the heart? (1) A U B V C W D X
June 2022, Paper 1, Q7(a)(ii) (1 mark): Which chamber pumps oxygenated blood away from the heart? (1) A S B T C Y D Z
June 2022, Paper 1, Q7(a)(iii) (3 marks): Explain the difference in the wall of chamber S and the wall of chamber Z. (3)
June 2022, Paper 1, Q7(c) (5 marks): Scientists investigated the link between body mass and coronary heart disease in a population in Australia. The scientists recorded the number of heart attacks
June 2022, Paper 2, Q1(d) (2 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Supercharging plants to reduce global war
June 2022, Paper 2, Q6(a) (2 marks): Explain why people with beta thalassaemia may experience severe tiredness. (2)
June 2022 (R), Paper 1, Q10(a)(i) (1 mark): Give a difference, other than shape, between the structure of fish red blood cells and human red blood cells. (1)
June 2022 (R), Paper 1, Q10(a)(ii) (2 marks): Explain why fish red blood cells transport oxygen less efficiently than human red blood cells. (2)
June 2022 (R), Paper 1, Q10(c) (3 marks): Phagocytes are white blood cells that are transported in the blood. Describe the role of phagocytes in the body. (3)
June 2022 (R), Paper 2, Q7(a)(i) (1 mark): Which of these is the independent variable in this experiment? (1) A leaf size B leaf surface covered C mass lost D time
June 2022 (R), Paper 2, Q7(a)(ii) (1 mark): State why leaves of the same species were selected. (1)
June 2022 (R), Paper 2, Q7(b)(i) (2 marks): Calculate the percentage change in mass for leaf 3. (2) percentage change = %
June 2022 (R), Paper 2, Q7(b)(ii) (3 marks): Explain the differences in water loss from the four leaves in the student’s experiment. (3)
January 2022, Paper 1, Q10(b)(i) (2 marks): Name two substances the aphids obtain from the phloem. (2) 1 2
January 2022, Paper 1, Q10(b)(ii) (4 marks): Explain how aphids feeding from the phloem of crop plants can lead to a reduction in yield. (4)
January 2022, Paper 2, Q1(a) (1 mark): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Making Enough Blood for the World A blood
January 2022, Paper 2, Q1(c) (2 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Making Enough Blood for the World A blood
January 2022, Paper 2, Q1(d) (3 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Making Enough Blood for the World A blood
January 2022, Paper 2, Q1(e) (1 mark): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Making Enough Blood for the World A blood
January 2022, Paper 2, Q1(g)(ii) (2 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Making Enough Blood for the World A blood
January 2022, Paper 2, Q1(h) (2 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Making Enough Blood for the World A blood
January 2022, Paper 2, Q3(a)(ii) (1 mark): Which set of environmental conditions would produce the fastest rate of transpiration from this leaf? (1) Humidity Temperature A High High B High Low C Low High
January 2022 (R), Paper 1, Q7(a)(i) (2 marks): Explain why cats with hypertrophic myopathy are unable to run quickly. (2)
January 2022 (R), Paper 2, Q3(c)(i) (3 marks): Explain the role of the root hair cell in absorption of water from the soil. (3)
November 2021, Paper 1, Q2(a)(i) (1 mark): Complete the table to give the number of white blood cells per mm3 in standard form. (1)
November 2021, Paper 1, Q2(a)(ii) (1 mark): What is the number of red blood cells in 1000 cm3 of this person’s blood? (1) A 5.0 × 106 B 5.0 × 109 C 5.0 × 1011 D 5.0 × 1012
November 2021, Paper 1, Q2(b)(i) (2 marks): Explain why a person with anaemia is often tired. (2)
November 2021, Paper 1, Q2(b)(ii) (2 marks): Explain why a person with leukopenia is more likely to get an infection. (2)
November 2021, Paper 1, Q6(b) (2 marks): Too much cholesterol is a health risk because fatty deposits build up in arteries. The lumen of an artery had a diameter of 4.0 mm before the build-up of a fatt
November 2021, Paper 1, Q6(c)(i) (5 marks): Plot a suitable graph on the grid to show these results. (5)
November 2021, Paper 1, Q6(c)(ii) (1 mark): Which range of blood cholesterol levels is the mode for this sample? (1) A 80 to 119 B 80 to 379 C 160 to 199 D 360 to 399
November 2021, Paper 1, Q6(c)(iii) (2 marks): A blood cholesterol level greater than 239 mg per 100 cm3 means a person has a higher risk of heart disease. Calculate the percentage of men in the sample at a
November 2021, Paper 1, Q6(d) (4 marks): Statins are drugs that reduce blood cholesterol levels. A scientist investigates the use of one type of statin on the risk of having a heart attack. He gives th
November 2021, Paper 2, Q1(i) (1 mark): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Heart transplant A heart transplant is an
November 2021, Paper 2, Q1(a) (1 mark): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Heart transplant A heart transplant is an
November 2021, Paper 2, Q1(b) (3 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Heart transplant A heart transplant is an
November 2021, Paper 2, Q1(c) (2 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Heart transplant A heart transplant is an
November 2021, Paper 2, Q1(e) (2 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Heart transplant A heart transplant is an
November 2021, Paper 2, Q1(h) (2 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Heart transplant A heart transplant is an
November 2021, Paper 2, Q1(j) (1 mark): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Heart transplant A heart transplant is an
June 2021, Paper 1, Q1(b) (2 marks): The diagram shows a red blood cell viewed through a microscope. (Source: © Artem_Graf/Shutterstock) The actual width of this red blood cell is 8 µm. The magnifi
June 2021, Paper 1, Q2(a)(i) (1 mark): Which blood vessel brings oxygenated blood to the heart? (1) A B C D
June 2021, Paper 1, Q2(a)(ii) (1 mark): Which blood vessel contains blood at the highest pressure? (1) A B C D
June 2021, Paper 1, Q2(b)(i) (1 mark): Draw a label line on the diagram to show the position of a semi-lunar valve. (1)
June 2021, Paper 1, Q2(b)(ii) (2 marks): Describe the function of the semi-lunar valves. (2)
June 2021, Paper 1, Q2(c)(i) (2 marks): Explain why this hole is normally closed before the baby is born. (2)
June 2021, Paper 1, Q2(c)(ii) (3 marks): Sometimes the hole does not close. Explain what effect this will have on the baby. (3)
June 2021, Paper 2, Q2(b)(ii) (4 marks): The scientists took the living chickens that had been injected with weakened P. multocida and then injected them with normal P. multocida. The chickens did not
June 2021, Paper 2, Q3(a)(i) (2 marks): Explain how the structure of a root hair cell is adapted to absorb water. (2)
June 2021, Paper 2, Q3(b)(i) (3 marks): Explain these results. (3)
June 2021, Paper 2, Q3(b)(ii) (2 marks): Give two abiotic variables the student should control. (2) 1 2
June 2021, Paper 2, Q3(c)(i) (1 mark): Name the apparatus used by the student. (1)
June 2021, Paper 2, Q3(c)(ii) (3 marks): Describe how the student could use this apparatus to find the mean rate of water taken up by the plant. (3)
January 2021, Paper 1, Q3(a)(i) (5 marks): Complete the table by giving the letter of the blood vessel that matches each statement. (5) Statement Letter contains the least carbon dioxide contains the mos
January 2021, Paper 1, Q3(a)(ii) (2 marks): State two ways in which the structure of blood vessel A differs from the structure of blood vessel J. (2) 1 2
January 2021, Paper 1, Q3(b) (5 marks): Muscles in the legs contain capillaries. A scientist investigates how long‑term training affects the number of capillaries in an athlete’s leg muscles. The scie
January 2021, Paper 1, Q9(a)(ii) (3 marks): People with sickle cell anaemia have symptoms of tiredness and joint pain that get worse if they are exposed to cold temperatures and high altitudes. Suggest wh
January 2021, Paper 1, Q9(d) (1 mark): What is the name of the pigment found in red blood cells? (1) A chlorophyll B haemoglobin C iron D magnesium
January 2021, Paper 1, Q9(e) (2 marks): Give two differences in structure between red blood cells and white blood cells. (2) 1 2
January 2021, Paper 2, Q4(d) (4 marks): Gardeners sometimes apply a spray called an anti-transpirant to plant leaves. The spray is impermeable to water vapour but allows other gases to pass through. D
January 2021 (R), Paper 1, Q9(c)(i) (1 mark): What is the name of the blood vessel labelled X? (1) A aorta B pulmonary artery C pulmonary vein D vena cava
January 2021 (R), Paper 1, Q9(c)(ii) (1 mark): Give one difference between the structure of the frog heart and a human heart. (1)
January 2021 (R), Paper 1, Q9(c)(iii) (5 marks): Humans can run for long periods of time. Frogs can only move for short periods of time. Explain how the structure of the heart of a frog means that it is unable
January 2021 (R), Paper 1, Q10(a) (4 marks): Plasma transports various substances to and from different parts of the body. Describe the function of plasma in transporting named substances in the body. (4)
January 2021 (R), Paper 1, Q10(b)(i) (2 marks): The magnification of the cell is calculated using this formula. magnification = diameter of cell in diagram actual diameter of cell The actual diameter of the c
January 2021 (R), Paper 1, Q10(b)(iii) (2 marks): Describe the function of this cell in defending the body from infection. (2)
January 2021 (R), Paper 2, Q1(a) (2 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Haemolytic disease Haemolysis is the term
January 2021 (R), Paper 2, Q1(c) (1 mark): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Haemolytic disease Haemolysis is the term
January 2021 (R), Paper 2, Q1(f) (3 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Haemolytic disease Haemolysis is the term
January 2021 (R), Paper 2, Q1(h) (1 mark): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Haemolytic disease Haemolysis is the term
January 2021 (R), Paper 2, Q2(a)(i) (2 marks): Explain the changes in the rate of evaporation from the clay pot. (2)
January 2021 (R), Paper 2, Q2(a)(ii) (3 marks): Suggest how the student could measure the rate of evaporation from the clay pot. (3)
January 2021 (R), Paper 2, Q2(b)(i) (2 marks): Explain one factor that affects transpiration from the plant that does not affect evaporation from the clay pot. (2)
January 2021 (R), Paper 2, Q2(b)(ii) (4 marks): Draw a labelled diagram of the apparatus the student could use to determine the rate of transpiration by a plant. (4)
November 2020, Paper 1, Q7(b) (2 marks): Some of the proteins in milk are antibodies. Explain why antibodies in milk are useful for babies. (2)
November 2020, Paper 2, Q1(c) (2 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Schistosomiasis Schistosomiasis is an inf
November 2020, Paper 2, Q1(g) (3 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Schistosomiasis Schistosomiasis is an inf
November 2020, Paper 2, Q1(h)(i) (1 mark): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Schistosomiasis Schistosomiasis is an inf
November 2020, Paper 2, Q1(h)(ii) (3 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Schistosomiasis Schistosomiasis is an inf
November 2020, Paper 2, Q2(a)(i) (2 marks): Give two reasons why blood clotting is important. (2) 1 2
November 2020, Paper 2, Q6(a)(i) (2 marks): Explain how root hair cells are adapted for efficient absorption of water. (2)
November 2020, Paper 2, Q6(a)(ii) (4 marks): Explain how water is transported from the soil to the leaves. (4)
November 2020, Paper 2, Q6(b) (4 marks): Describe how you could determine the rate of water loss from a leafy shoot. (4)
November 2020 (R), Paper 1, Q3(a)(ii) (1 mark): Which blood vessel transports blood to the horse’s lungs? (1) A aorta B pulmonary artery C pulmonary vein D vena cava
November 2020 (R), Paper 1, Q3(b) (4 marks): The table shows the percentage of total blood flow in different body parts of a horse at rest and when running. Percentage of total blood flow (%) Body part at
November 2020 (R), Paper 1, Q5(a)(ii) (2 marks): Explain how one type of molecule from the mother helps to protect the fetus from infection. (2)
November 2020 (R), Paper 2, Q3(a) (1 mark): Which of these processes is used to absorb water from the soil? (1) A active transport B diffusion C evaporation D osmosis
November 2020 (R), Paper 2, Q3(b) (1 mark): Name the tissue that transports water to the leaves. (1)
November 2020 (R), Paper 2, Q3(c) (1 mark): Name the process that moves water vapour into the air. (1)
November 2020 (R), Paper 2, Q3(d) (1 mark): Which of these reduces the movement of water from the leaves into the air? (1) A high light intensity B low air humidity C low air temperature D windy condition
November 2020 (R), Paper 2, Q3(e) (2 marks): Give two uses of water in a plant. (2) 1 2
November 2020 (R), Paper 2, Q5(b) (3 marks): Explain how vaccination protects humans from pathogens. (3)
January 2020, Paper 1, Q6(b) (1 mark): These are the three main blood vessels attached to the liver. ● hepatic artery ● hepatic vein ● hepatic portal vein How many of these blood vessels transport de
January 2020, Paper 1, Q8(a)(i) (1 mark): Which part of the leaf transports amino acids? (1) A R B S C T D U
January 2020, Paper 1, Q8(a)(iii) (1 mark): Which part transports the products of photosynthesis? (1) A Q B R C S D T
January 2020, Paper 1, Q9(a) (3 marks): Explain the role of lymphocytes in the immune response. (3)
January 2020, Paper 1, Q9(b) (3 marks): Phagocytes ingest bacteria. Explain what happens to bacteria after they have been ingested by phagocytes. (3)
January 2020, Paper 1, Q9(c)(i) (1 mark): Which of these is the rate of ingestion of bacteria in the control? (1) A 85 per hour B 140 per hour C 170 per hour D 280 per hour
January 2020, Paper 1, Q9(c)(ii) (1 mark): State the independent variable in this investigation. (1)
January 2020, Paper 1, Q9(c)(iii) (2 marks): State two biotic variables the scientist should control. (2) 1 2
January 2020, Paper 1, Q9(c)(iv) (4 marks): The scientist concludes that vitamin C in a person’s diet will protect people from pathogens. Comment on this conclusion. (4)
January 2020, Paper 2, Q1(b) (2 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Badgers and bovine tuberculosis The bacte
January 2020, Paper 2, Q1(f) (3 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Badgers and bovine tuberculosis The bacte
January 2020, Paper 2, Q1(g) (3 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Badgers and bovine tuberculosis The bacte
January 2020, Paper 2, Q2(a) (2 marks): Explain why transpiration is useful for plants. (2)
January 2020, Paper 2, Q2(b)(i) (2 marks): The total leaf surface area from which transpiration occurs is 250 cm2. Calculate the loss of water from this plant in still air in mg per hour. (2) loss of wat
January 2020, Paper 2, Q2(b)(ii) (3 marks): Explain the results shown by the graph. (3)
January 2020, Paper 2, Q2(c) (4 marks): Justify two factors that the student needs to control to make a valid comparison of transpiration in still air and in windy conditions. (4) 1 2
January 2020, Paper 2, Q3(a) (1 mark): Which of these statements about the ventricles is correct? (1) A the left ventricle wall is thick because it has to pump blood to the body B the left ventricle
January 2020, Paper 2, Q3(b) (3 marks): Ventricle muscle tissue is damaged if the blood supply is reduced. Diagram 2 shows the damaged part of a human heart and a cross‑section through its ventricles.
January 2020 (R), Paper 1, Q2(a)(i) (1 mark): Which chambers contain deoxygenated blood? (1) A P and Q B P and S C R and S D Q and R
January 2020 (R), Paper 1, Q2(a)(ii) (2 marks): Explain why two of the valves in this heart are closed. (2)
January 2020 (R), Paper 1, Q2(b)(i) (2 marks): Give two conclusions that can be made from this study. (2) 1 2
January 2020 (R), Paper 1, Q2(b)(ii) (2 marks): The population of the United Kingdom is 65 million, of which half are male. Calculate the number of males with heart disease in the age range 18 to 44. (2) numb
January 2020 (R), Paper 1, Q2(c) (3 marks): Explain how heart disease can affect a person’s health. (3)
January 2020 (R), Paper 2, Q1(b) (2 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. Coppicing Coppicing is a traditional wood
January 2020 (R), Paper 2, Q2(c) (1 mark): Some humans cannot produce insulin and need injections of insulin every day. This insulin can be obtained from cows, but this insulin might cause an immune resp
January 2020 (R), Paper 2, Q4(a) (4 marks): Explain how the student sets up and uses this apparatus to measure the water loss. (4)
January 2020 (R), Paper 2, Q4(b) (2 marks): Give two abiotic factors that the student should control in his investigation. (2) 1 2
January 2020 (R), Paper 2, Q4(c) (3 marks): The total surface area of the plant leaves is 200 cm2. Calculate the time in minutes for the plant to take up 1.0 cm3 of water without a fan. (3) time = minutes
January 2020 (R), Paper 2, Q4(d) (6 marks): The student concludes that plants will grow better in windy conditions. Evaluate this conclusion. (6)
June 2019, Paper 2, Q2(c) (3 marks): A student uses this method to investigate the role of leaves in transpiration. ● remove four leaves from a plant ● cover the upper surface of one leaf with petr
June 2019 (R), Paper 1, Q5(a) (1 mark): How do arteries differ from veins? (1) A arteries transport blood to the heart B arteries have a wider lumen C arteries contain valves D arteries have thicker w
June 2019 (R), Paper 1, Q5(b)(i) (3 marks): Using measurements from the diagram, calculate the percentage decrease in the diameter of the lumen where the fat deposit is thickest. (3) percentage decrease =
June 2019 (R), Paper 1, Q5(c) (2 marks): A high fat diet increases the risk of heart disease. Give two other factors that can increase the risk of heart disease. (2) 1 2
June 2019 (R), Paper 2, Q1(e) (4 marks): Read the passage below. Use the information in the passage and your own knowledge to answer the questions that follow. The FACE Programme towers that contain pi

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