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Force, energy and momentum: AQA A‑Level Physics questions

Every AQA A-Level Physics exam question on 3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum, 2016–2025, with its mark scheme and examiner’s report.

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2,714 questions

  1. Q06.1

    June 2025 · Paper 1

    2 marks3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 1, question 06.1: Calculate the kinetic energy transferred to the ball during the kick. [2 marks] kinetic energy = J

  2. Q06.2

    June 2025 · Paper 1

    3 marks3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 1, question 06.2: Figure 8 shows how the force F acting on the ball varies with time t. Figure 8 Determine the scale for the F / N axis and add your scale to Figure 8. [3 marks]

  3. Q06.3

    June 2025 · Paper 1

    3 marks3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 1, question 06.3: A player jumps up to head a football when it is 2.0 m above the ground. The initial velocity of the ball is 18 m s−1 at an angle of 48° to the horizontal. Figur

  4. Q21

    June 2025 · Paper 1

    1 mark3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 1, question 21: A skydiver is falling at a terminal velocity v1. When she is at a height h1 she opens her parachute. When she is at a height h2 she reaches a new terminal veloc

  5. Q23

    June 2025 · Paper 1

    1 mark3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 1, question 23: A ramp is inclined at an angle θ to the horizontal. A block of weight 240 N is pushed up the ramp by a 25.0 N force. This force acts parallel to the ramp. The b

  6. Q24

    June 2025 · Paper 1

    1 mark3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 Paper 1, question 24: A uniform wooden rod of mass 0.55 kg and length 1.3 m is attached to a wall by a light frictionless hinge. A horizontal force F acts so that the rod hangs at an

  7. Q04.1

    June 2025 · AS Paper 1

    2 marks3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 1, question 04.1: State the principle of moments. [2 marks]

  8. Q04.2

    June 2025 · AS Paper 1

    3 marks3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 1, question 04.2: Figure 4 shows a trolley at rest on a horizontal surface. A load is fixed to the base of the trolley. Figure 4 Assume that the forces in Figure 4 are coplanar.

  9. Q04.3

    June 2025 · AS Paper 1

    1 mark3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 1, question 04.3: When the back wheels are on the step, the moment of W about the centre of the back wheels is less than that in Figure 4. Explain why. [1 mark]

  10. Q04.4

    June 2025 · AS Paper 1

    3 marks3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 1, question 04.4: Deduce how the magnitude of R1 in Figure 5 compares with the value of 97 N in Figure 4. [3 marks]

  11. Q05.2

    June 2025 · AS Paper 1

    3 marks3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 1, question 05.2: Determine the gravitational potential energy gained by the lift during the first 1.5 s of the motion. [3 marks] gravitational potential energy = J

  12. Q05.3

    June 2025 · AS Paper 1

    3 marks3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 1, question 05.3: Q and R are connected to P as shown in Figure 6. Determine the tension in P during the last 2.0 s of the motion. [3 marks] tension = N

  13. Q05.4

    June 2025 · AS Paper 1

    3 marks3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 1, question 05.4: Determine the velocity of the object when it reaches ground level. [3 marks] velocity = m s−1

  14. Q05.5

    June 2025 · AS Paper 1

    2 marks3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 1, question 05.5: Sketch on Figure 8 the variation with time of the kinetic energy of the object from when it becomes detached until it hits the ground. No calculations are requi

  15. Q02.2

    June 2025 · AS Paper 2

    2 marks3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 2, question 02.2: Describe how to use a metre ruler and a set square to check that line P is horizontal. You may annotate Figure 4. [2 marks]

  16. Q02.3

    June 2025 · AS Paper 2

    2 marks3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 2, question 02.3: Plot, on Figure 5, the data in Table 3. Go on to draw a line to show how m1 varies with x. [2 marks]

  17. Q02.4

    June 2025 · AS Paper 2

    2 marks3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 2, question 02.4: Determine an accurate value for the mass of the beam. [2 marks] mass of the beam = g

  18. Q02.5

    June 2025 · AS Paper 2

    2 marks3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 2, question 02.5: Deduce a value for e using your completed Figure 5. c = 900 mm [2 marks] e = mm

  19. Q02.6

    June 2025 · AS Paper 2

    1 mark3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 2, question 02.6: Explain how the second student’s graph of the variation of m1 with x is different from the graph in Figure 5. [1 mark]

  20. Q02.7

    June 2025 · AS Paper 2

    2 marks3.4.1 Force, energy and momentum
    The whole paper ↗
    June 2025 AS Paper 2, question 02.7: The second student wrongly assumes that when their m1 = m2, 2e is given by: 2e = c – x The second student goes on to determine their value of e. State and expla
All 357 questions on Force, energy and momentum, as a list
  1. June 2025, Paper 1, Q06.1 (2 marks): Calculate the kinetic energy transferred to the ball during the kick. [2 marks] kinetic energy = J
  2. June 2025, Paper 1, Q06.2 (3 marks): Figure 8 shows how the force F acting on the ball varies with time t. Figure 8 Determine the scale for the F / N axis and add your scale to Figure 8. [3 marks]
  3. June 2025, Paper 1, Q06.3 (3 marks): A player jumps up to head a football when it is 2.0 m above the ground. The initial velocity of the ball is 18 m s−1 at an angle of 48° to the horizontal. Figur
  4. June 2025, Paper 1, Q21 (1 mark): A skydiver is falling at a terminal velocity v1. When she is at a height h1 she opens her parachute. When she is at a height h2 she reaches a new terminal veloc
  5. June 2025, Paper 1, Q23 (1 mark): A ramp is inclined at an angle θ to the horizontal. A block of weight 240 N is pushed up the ramp by a 25.0 N force. This force acts parallel to the ramp. The b
  6. June 2025, Paper 1, Q24 (1 mark): A uniform wooden rod of mass 0.55 kg and length 1.3 m is attached to a wall by a light frictionless hinge. A horizontal force F acts so that the rod hangs at an
  7. June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q04.1 (2 marks): State the principle of moments. [2 marks]
  8. June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q04.2 (3 marks): Figure 4 shows a trolley at rest on a horizontal surface. A load is fixed to the base of the trolley. Figure 4 Assume that the forces in Figure 4 are coplanar.
  9. June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q04.3 (1 mark): When the back wheels are on the step, the moment of W about the centre of the back wheels is less than that in Figure 4. Explain why. [1 mark]
  10. June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q04.4 (3 marks): Deduce how the magnitude of R1 in Figure 5 compares with the value of 97 N in Figure 4. [3 marks]
  11. June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q05.2 (3 marks): Determine the gravitational potential energy gained by the lift during the first 1.5 s of the motion. [3 marks] gravitational potential energy = J
  12. June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q05.3 (3 marks): Q and R are connected to P as shown in Figure 6. Determine the tension in P during the last 2.0 s of the motion. [3 marks] tension = N
  13. June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q05.4 (3 marks): Determine the velocity of the object when it reaches ground level. [3 marks] velocity = m s−1
  14. June 2025, AS Paper 1, Q05.5 (2 marks): Sketch on Figure 8 the variation with time of the kinetic energy of the object from when it becomes detached until it hits the ground. No calculations are requi
  15. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q02.2 (2 marks): Describe how to use a metre ruler and a set square to check that line P is horizontal. You may annotate Figure 4. [2 marks]
  16. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q02.3 (2 marks): Plot, on Figure 5, the data in Table 3. Go on to draw a line to show how m1 varies with x. [2 marks]
  17. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q02.4 (2 marks): Determine an accurate value for the mass of the beam. [2 marks] mass of the beam = g
  18. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q02.5 (2 marks): Deduce a value for e using your completed Figure 5. c = 900 mm [2 marks] e = mm
  19. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q02.6 (1 mark): Explain how the second student’s graph of the variation of m1 with x is different from the graph in Figure 5. [1 mark]
  20. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q02.7 (2 marks): The second student wrongly assumes that when their m1 = m2, 2e is given by: 2e = c – x The second student goes on to determine their value of e. State and expla
  21. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q04.1 (2 marks): Determine D. [2 marks] D = m
  22. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q04.2 (3 marks): The vertical displacement of the ball from the floor in the last image is 3.10 m. Determine h. [3 marks] h = m
  23. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q04.3 (2 marks): The ball is again thrown by the robot. The initial speed of the ball is the same as in Figure 8. The angle for this throw is less than 73°. Another set of image
  24. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q04.4 (3 marks): When air resistance is significant, the magnitude of the vertical component av of the acceleration of the ball varies throughout the flight. Discuss how air res
  25. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q13 (1 mark): Two skydivers X and Y step out of a stationary hot-air balloon at the same time. Both skydivers reach terminal speed. mass of X = 120 kg mass of Y = 90 kg Which
  26. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q19 (1 mark): The graph shows how the force acting on an object varied with time. The shaded area represents: [1 mark] A the change in kinetic energy of the object. B the cha
  27. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q20 (1 mark): An object falls from rest. Air resistance is negligible. When the object has fallen through a distance x, its velocity is v. How does v vary with x? [1 mark] A
  28. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q23 (1 mark): A uniform disc of weight 50 N is suspended by the tension T in a thread. Two horizontal forces P and Q form a couple, where P and Q are both 25 N. P, Q and T ar
  29. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q25 (1 mark): A mass m is suspended from a point P by a light string. A force F acts horizontally on m so that the string makes an angle θ to the vertical position. The syste
  30. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q31 (1 mark): An aircraft flies horizontally with a constant velocity v. The aircraft is subject to a constant resistive force F. The aircraft engine has an efficiency of 10%
  31. June 2025, AS Paper 2, Q34 (1 mark): A car moves along a horizontal road at a constant speed of 15 m s−1. The car’s engine provides a constant thrust of 3800 N. The car then travels up a hill. The
  32. June 2024, Paper 1, Q04.2 (2 marks): The combined kinetic energy of the helium nucleus and the neutron is 2.82 × 10–12 J. Calculate the initial speed of the neutron. [2 marks] initial speed = m s−1
  33. June 2024, Paper 1, Q05.1 (4 marks): Figure 4 is a force diagram drawn to scale. It represents the magnitudes and directions of the tensions T1 and T2 in the cable when O is at rest in the position
  34. June 2024, Paper 1, Q05.2 (5 marks): In a second test, pulley P with O attached is released from A. P and O move along the cable to B. The change in height of the centre of mass of O between A and
  35. June 2024, Paper 1, Q05.3 (3 marks): O contains a fragile item packed in suitable material. Explain how the material can prevent damage to the fragile item when O stops suddenly at B. [3 marks]
  36. June 2024, Paper 1, Q18 (1 mark): A force of magnitude F acts on a box of mass m that moves along a frictionless slope. The slope is at an angle α to the horizontal and the force acts at an angl
  37. June 2024, Paper 1, Q19 (1 mark): The weight of a uniform bar is W. An object also of weight W is attached to one end. The bar is pivoted at the other end and held horizontal by a rope attached
  38. June 2024, Paper 1, Q20 (1 mark): A projectile is fired from ground level over horizontal ground. Its initial velocity is u at an angle θ to the horizontal. The range of the projectile is d. A s
  39. June 2024, Paper 1, Q21 (1 mark): A particle travelling horizontally at 1.0 × 107 m s−1 enters a region where it has a constant vertical acceleration of 4 × 1014 m s−2. What is the horizontal di
  40. June 2024, Paper 1, Q22 (1 mark): An object is thrown vertically upwards at time t = 0 The object reaches its maximum height when t = T and reaches its terminal speed on the way down. The magnit
  41. June 2024, Paper 1, Q23 (1 mark): A man has a mass of 75.0 kg. He stands on weighing scales in a lift that accelerates upwards at 2.60 m s−2. What is the reading on the scales during the acceler
  42. June 2024, Paper 1, Q24 (1 mark): An average force of 42 kN acts on the air passing through a jet engine. This force causes the speed of the air to increase by 540 m s−1. What mass of air passes
  43. June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q04.1 (2 marks): Figure 7 shows a car and trailer moving at 25 m s−1 at a distance s from traffic lights. Figure 7 The driver applies the brakes so that the car and trailer stop
  44. June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q04.2 (2 marks): Initially, there are no resistive forces and the trailer accelerates at 1.5 m s−2. Calculate the initial value of PH. [2 marks] PH = N
  45. June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q04.3 (3 marks): The vertical force PV is 762 N. The resultant of PH and PV is 912 N. Determine v1. [3 marks] v1 = m s−1
  46. June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q04.4 (1 mark): Explain why PH has no moment about the centre of the trailer’s wheel in Figure 11. [1 mark]
  47. June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q04.5 (3 marks): When the car and trailer travel with velocity v2, PV is zero. Determine v2. [3 marks] v2 = m s−1
  48. June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q04.6 (3 marks): The air resistance D acting on the trailer increases as the velocity v of the trailer increases. Explain this increase in D with reference to the momentum of th
  49. June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q04.7 (3 marks): The car has a maximum power output of 95 kW. The maximum velocity of the car and trailer is 25 m s−1. At this velocity, the force D on the trailer is 3100 N. Th
  50. June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q06.1 (1 mark): The boy experiences freefall when he steps off the platform. During which part of the jump does the boy’s acceleration begin to decrease? Tick () one box. [1 m
  51. June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q06.2 (2 marks): When the boy’s centre of mass has moved through a distance s of 15.0 m the change in his gravitational potential energy is 9.56 kJ. Calculate the mass m of the
  52. June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q06.3 (3 marks): The maximum kinetic energy of the boy is 7.71 kJ. Calculate, by considering the energy transfers, the extension ΔL of the bungee rope when the kinetic energy of
  53. June 2024, AS Paper 1, Q06.6 (3 marks): Deduce whether the boy’s maximum velocity is increased when using the second rope. [3 marks]
  54. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q01.2 (2 marks): Determine TPQ. Assume that the time for each full oscillation of the blade is 0.42 s. [2 marks] TPQ = s
  55. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q01.3 (1 mark): Determine s. The scale of the graph paper is shown on Figure 5. [1 mark] s = m
  56. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q01.4 (2 marks): Determine the acceleration a of the trolley. [2 marks] a = m s−2
  57. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q01.7 (2 marks): Figure 6 is a diagram drawn by a student to explain why the trolley accelerates. The diagram is incomplete because the student has ignored the friction forces i
  58. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q03.2 (4 marks): The load is accelerated from its lowest point. The mass of the load is 2.8 × 105 kg. The maximum tension in each cable is 1.6 × 106 N during the acceleration. C
  59. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q03.4 (4 marks): A village combines the storage system with a wind turbine to provide energy. Figure 12 shows how the output power of the wind turbine varies with time during on
  60. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q11 (1 mark): The graph shows the variation with time of a quantity y for an object as it falls through the air. Which row gives y and the amount of air resistance? [1 mark]
  61. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q12 (1 mark): An electric pump forces water continually through a horizontal pipe at a speed of 4.0 m s−1. cross-sectional area of the pipe = 5.0 × 10−4 m2 density of water =
  62. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q19 (1 mark): The graph shows the variation with time t of the acceleration of an object moving in a straight line. When t = 0 the speed of the object is 4.0 m s−1. What is t
  63. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q20 (1 mark): An object is released and falls from rest. Air resistance is negligible. After falling for time t, the momentum of the object is [1 mark] A constant. B proporti
  64. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q22 (1 mark): A cricket ball of mass 0.16 kg travels at a speed of 35 m s−1 towards a bat. When the ball is hit, it is in contact with the bat for 52 ms. As a result, the bal
  65. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q23 (1 mark): A horse starts walking from point X on a circular track of circumference 60 m. The speed of the horse is a constant 2.0 m s−1. What is the horse’s displacement
  66. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q25 (1 mark): A mass is held stationary by two cables X and Y. The tension in X is 390 N. What is the tension in Y? [1 mark] A 145 N B 380 N C 390 N D 460 N
  67. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q27 (1 mark): The electric motor of a lift raises a load of 750 N at a constant speed. The load moves through a vertical distance of 3.0 m in 1.5 s. As the load is being rais
  68. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q29 (1 mark): Glider X of mass 400 g travels at 1.8 m s−1 to the right on a horizontal, frictionless track. Glider Y of mass 300 g travels towards X at 0.7 m s−1. X and Y col
  69. June 2024, AS Paper 2, Q31 (1 mark): Three non-parallel coplanar forces act on a body. Which is not required for the forces to be in equilibrium? [1 mark] A The sum of the forces in any direction m
  70. June 2023, Paper 1, Q02.1 (2 marks): The average speed for one of these runs was 343 m s−1. Calculate, in s, the time taken for the car to complete the other run. [2 marks] time = s
  71. June 2023, Paper 1, Q02.2 (2 marks): Engineers are designing a new jet-powered car to break this record. Figure 1 shows the variation of speed with distance for the car, as predicted by the enginee
  72. June 2023, Paper 1, Q02.3 (4 marks): At any point on the graph in Figure 1, the acceleration is given by: acceleration = speed × gradient of line When the car is at its maximum acceleration, the po
  73. June 2023, Paper 1, Q02.4 (2 marks): Scientists recommend that the average deceleration of the driver of the car should be less than 3g. Deduce whether the average deceleration is less than 3g. [2
  74. June 2023, Paper 1, Q18 (1 mark): A ball is kicked from point P on level ground. The ball initially travels at 45° to the horizontal. The ball reaches its maximum height after a time of 2.0 s. A
  75. June 2023, Paper 1, Q19 (1 mark): An object is moving in a straight line. A graph is plotted to show the variation of the momentum of the object with time. Which quantities can be calculated fro
  76. June 2023, Paper 1, Q20 (1 mark): Which is a pair of vectors? [1 mark] A weight and work B force and energy C displacement and momentum D acceleration and power
  77. June 2023, Paper 1, Q22 (1 mark): A heavy uniform trapdoor is hinged to the floor. It is held open by a rope as shown. Which arrow shows the direction of the reaction force of the hinge on the t
  78. June 2023, Paper 1, Q23 (1 mark): A sphere of mass m falls with speed v. The resistive force on the sphere is kv, where k is a constant. What is the terminal speed of the sphere? [1 mark] A mg k
  79. June 2023, Paper 1, Q24 (1 mark): A trolley moves down a slope with constant acceleration. The mass of the trolley is doubled and the trolley moves down the same slope again. Air resistance and
  80. June 2023, Paper 1, Q25 (1 mark): A variable force F acts on an object of mass 2.0 kg. The object is at rest at time t = 0 The graph shows the variation of F with t. What is the speed of the obj
  81. June 2023, Paper 3A, Q01.2 (1 mark): Figure 1 shows images produced in an experiment in which a bouncing ball is illuminated by a stroboscope. The stroboscope flashes at a constant frequency. Figur
  82. June 2023, Paper 3A, Q01.3 (3 marks): In order to find g, a graph is plotted with values of H h n − on the y-axis. Suggest what is plotted on the x-axis. Go on to explain how g is determined from th
  83. June 2023, Paper 3A, Q01.4 (3 marks): Determine u0. [3 marks] u0 = m s−1
  84. June 2023, Paper 3A, Q01.5 (2 marks): Determine, in mm s−1, the horizontal velocity of the ball between the second and third contacts of the ball with the floor. [2 marks] horizontal velocity = mm s
  85. June 2023, Paper 3A, Q01.6 (3 marks): Determine the time between the second and third contacts. Annotate Figure 3 to show your method. [3 marks] time = s
  86. June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q04.1 (2 marks): Figure 5 is a simplified diagram of the bow string showing the forces acting on P. The tension in the string is T and the string makes an angle of 75° to the ho
  87. June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q04.2 (2 marks): An arrow of mass 21 g is placed in the bow. The archer pulls P back by a distance s of 0.22 m and then releases the arrow in a horizontal direction. Assume that
  88. June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q04.4 (3 marks): The bow has an efficiency of 0.82 The arrow leaves the bow in a horizontal direction with a velocity of 190 km h−1. Calculate m. [3 marks] m = kg
  89. June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q05.1 (3 marks): The gas moved by the rotor blades has a density of 0.020 kg m−3. Show that the helicopter moves approximately 0.4 kg of gas every second. [3 marks]
  90. June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q05.2 (3 marks): Calculate the mass of the helicopter. [3 marks] mass = kg
  91. June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q05.3 (2 marks): The battery stores 0.035 kW h of energy before a flight. The flight lasts for 39 s. The battery has a power output of 340 W during the flight. Determine the per
  92. June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q05.4 (3 marks): The helicopter has a maximum flight time of a few minutes due to the limited amount of energy stored in the battery. The battery accounts for about 15% of the h
  93. June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q05.5 (2 marks): Calculate the time taken for the helicopter to reach its maximum height from the instant the blades stop rotating. [2 marks] time = s
  94. June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q05.6 (2 marks): When the helicopter makes contact with the surface it has a velocity of 2.2 m s−1. Calculate h. [2 marks] h = m
  95. June 2023, AS Paper 1, Q05.7 (2 marks): A student suggests that the acceleration of the helicopter is constant from the instant the blades stop rotating until the helicopter makes contact with the sur
  96. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q02.1 (1 mark): To measure x a student must locate a point P on the floor vertically below the end of the track. Describe a procedure to locate P. You may add detail to Figure
  97. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q02.2 (3 marks): A ruler, graduated in mm, is used to determine x. The student places the ruler on the floor with the zero graduation aligned with P. The student determines x wh
  98. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q02.3 (3 marks): The student obtains values of x corresponding to other values of h. Figure 6 shows his results. Figure 6 It can be shown that 2 20 7 x h H = Determine H. [3 mar
  99. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q02.4 (1 mark): Explain why increasing the distance QR will reduce the percentage uncertainty in t. [1 mark]
  100. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q02.5 (2 marks): Figure 8 shows values of t for different values of α. Figure 8 At a particular value of α the ball rolls from Q to R at its maximum velocity. Explain how the st
  101. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q03.1 (2 marks): Explain why the spoon in Figure 10 is balanced when the pivot is at Q. [2 marks]
  102. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q03.2 (2 marks): The empty spoon has mass m. Show that, for the arrangement in Figure 10, ( ) 12.0 m x M x = − [2 marks]
  103. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q03.3 (3 marks): Figure 11 shows how x varies with M. Figure 11 Determine, using Figure 11, the weight of the empty spoon. [3 marks] weight = N
  104. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q03.4 (3 marks): A scale, in grams, is marked on the spoon between P and the bowl. Figure 11 is used to calibrate this scale in intervals of 25 g. M can be measured by balancing
  105. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q08 (1 mark): An object of mass 0.20 kg moves with an initial velocity u. It collides with a stationary object of mass 0.30 kg. The objects stick together when they collide.
  106. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q09 (1 mark): P and Q represent displacements. What is the resultant displacement when P and Q are added? [1 mark] A B C D
  107. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q10 (1 mark): A girl kicks a football vertically upwards at time t = 0 Air resistance is negligible. What is the variation of the vertical component of velocity v of the foot
  108. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q26 (1 mark): A ball is dropped from a height h. The ball hits the ground with a velocity v. The ball is now dropped from a height of 2h. Air resistance is negligible. What i
  109. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q33 (1 mark): A pellet of mass 25 g travelling horizontally at 40 m s−1 enters a fixed wooden block. The pellet stops after travelling a horizontal distance of 2.5 cm in the
  110. June 2023, AS Paper 2, Q34 (1 mark): The graph shows the variation of force with distance between a proton and a neutron. The shaded area represents [1 mark] A acceleration. B impulse. C rate of ch
  111. June 2022, Paper 1, Q03.2 (2 marks): Calculate the tension in the horizontal cable C when the gate is closed. [2 marks] tension = N
  112. June 2022, Paper 1, Q03.3 (2 marks): Pulley M is pulled to the left as the gate is opened. Explain why this increases the tension in the horizontal cable C. [2 marks] DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE ANSW
  113. June 2022, Paper 1, Q03.4 (2 marks): Figure 5 shows a plan view with the gate open. The horizontal cable C passes over pulley R and is attached to the door at D. The angle between the door and the
  114. June 2022, Paper 1, Q03.5 (4 marks): The same system is attached to an identical gate with stiffer hinges. Now the system does not supply a sufficiently large moment to close the gate. Discuss two
  115. June 2022, Paper 1, Q22 (1 mark): An aeroplane flies horizontally at 150 m s−1 along a bearing 60° east of north. How far north from its starting position is the aeroplane after one hour? [1 mar
  116. June 2022, Paper 1, Q23 (1 mark): A ball is thrown vertically upwards and returns to its original position 2.4 s later. The effect of air resistance is negligible. What is the total distance tra
  117. June 2022, Paper 1, Q24 (1 mark): A truck of mass 2.1 × 103 kg tows a car of mass 1.3 × 103 kg along a horizontal road. The total resistive force on the car is 1100 N. The acceleration of the ca
  118. June 2022, Paper 1, Q25 (1 mark): A parachutist descends to the ground at a constant speed with the parachute open. Which force, together with the parachutist’s weight, makes a pair according to
  119. June 2022, Paper 1, Q26 (1 mark): A tennis ball has a mass of 58 g. The ball is dropped from rest from a height of 1.8 m above the ground and falls vertically. The ball rebounds vertically to a
  120. June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q06.1 (3 marks): The worker moves to a position where the tension in the left-hand cable P is 1150 N. Calculate d for this position. [3 marks] d = m
  121. June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q06.2 (2 marks): Determine d for position X. [2 marks] d = m
  122. June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q07.1 (1 mark): Figure 8 shows a cyclist going up a hill. Figure 8 The angle θ of the slope of the hill is constant. The total mass m of the cyclist and bicycle is 65 kg. Write
  123. June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q07.2 (2 marks): The useful power output of the cyclist is 310 W. The cyclist has a steady speed of 1.63 m s−1. Assume that air resistance is negligible at this speed. Calculate
  124. June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q07.3 (3 marks): Discuss how her useful power output when taking the path in Figure 9 compares with her useful power output in Question 07.2. [3 marks]
  125. June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q07.4 (3 marks): Determine the acceleration of the cyclist 10.0 s after she begins to go down the hill. [3 marks] acceleration = m s−2
  126. June 2022, AS Paper 1, Q07.5 (4 marks): Energy transfers occur as the cyclist travels down the hill. Outline how these energy transfers explain the shape of the graph in Figure 10. [4 marks]
  127. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q01.1 (1 mark): The student has used an absolute uncertainty in s to draw the vertical error bars in Figure 2. Deduce the student’s absolute uncertainty in s. [1 mark] absolute
  128. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q01.2 (3 marks): Determine • the maximum gradient Gmax of a straight line that passes through all the error bars • the minimum gradient Gmin of a straight line that passes throu
  129. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q01.3 (2 marks): It can be shown that 2s = gt2. Determine a value for g using Gmax and Gmin. [2 marks] g = m s−2
  130. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q01.4 (2 marks): Determine the percentage uncertainty in your value for g. [2 marks] percentage uncertainty = %
  131. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q01.5 (1 mark): State the type of error produced by this fault. [1 mark]
  132. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q01.6 (1 mark): A graph of 2s against t2 is produced using results from the faulty apparatus. Describe how this graph is different from the graph in Figure 2. [1 mark]
  133. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q04.1 (1 mark): Show that the athlete and chair accelerate towards the platform at approximately 5 m s−2. [1 mark]
  134. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q04.2 (2 marks): Calculate the speed of the athlete when her right foot makes initial contact with the platform. [2 marks] speed = m s−1
  135. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q04.3 (2 marks): Determine the impulse provided by the force platform between B and C. [2 marks] impulse = N s
  136. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q04.4 (3 marks): Determine the distance travelled by the athlete between C and D. [3 marks] distance travelled = m
  137. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q04.5 (2 marks): Determine, using Figure 7, the combined mass of the athlete and chair. [2 marks] mass = kg END OF SECTION B Section C
  138. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q14 (1 mark): A mass M hangs in equilibrium from a vertical spring that obeys Hooke’s law. M is pulled down by 10 cm and then released to oscillate about the equilibrium posi
  139. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q21 (1 mark): Which is a scalar quantity? [1 mark] A force B kinetic energy C momentum D velocity
  140. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q22 (1 mark): A uniform beam of weight 23.5 N is attached by a hinge to a vertical wall and supported by a string. The string makes an angle of 35° to the wall. What is the t
  141. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q23 (1 mark): Which description of a couple and its unit is correct? [1 mark] Description Unit A consists of two equal parallel forces N m−1 B produces translational motion N
  142. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q24 (1 mark): P and Q are two balls of the same diameter. P has a greater mass than Q. Both balls are projected at the same time from the top of a tall building that stands o
  143. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q25 (1 mark): A firework rocket moves vertically upwards. The rocket’s fuel burns at a steady rate to produce a constant thrust. The mass of the rocket decreases with time. I
  144. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q26 (1 mark): Object P has a mass of 7500 kg and travels at 12 m s−1. Object Q has a mass of 2500 kg and travels at 20 m s−1 in the same direction as P. P and Q collide and r
  145. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q27 (1 mark): A climber wears a harness attached to a rope. The rope passes through a brake. There is friction between the rope and the brake. The climber uses the brake to d
  146. June 2022, AS Paper 2, Q28 (1 mark): A solar panel powers a pump for a water feature. Solar energy is incident on the solar panel at a rate of 1.5 W. Water from the bottom container is continually
  147. November 2021, Paper 1, Q01.2 (3 marks): Calculate the speed of X. Ignore relativistic effects. [3 marks] speed = m s−1
  148. November 2021, Paper 1, Q05.1 (2 marks): Show that the minimum speed of the ball in flight is about 15 m s−1. Explain your answer. [2 marks]
  149. November 2021, Paper 1, Q05.2 (2 marks): The ball just passes over the crossbar at a time t after it is kicked. Show that t must satisfy the following equation: 4.91t2 – 12.9t + 3.00 = 0 [2 marks]
  150. November 2021, Paper 1, Q05.3 (4 marks): There are two solutions to the equation 4.91t2 – 12.9t + 3.00 = 0 Discuss which of the two solutions is the time taken for the ball to pass over the crossbar fr
  151. November 2021, Paper 1, Q05.4 (1 mark): Another attempt is made to kick the ball over the crossbar. The initial velocity of the ball is the same as in the first attempt. This kick is made from a horiz
  152. November 2021, Paper 1, Q05.5 (5 marks): Figure 10 shows the variations with time of the vertical velocity of a ball with and without air resistance. Figure 10 Discuss the features of the motion of the
  153. November 2021, Paper 1, Q20 (1 mark): The diagram shows a vector diagram of two forces acting on an object. The diagram is drawn to scale. The magnitude of the smaller force is 5.0 N. What is the ma
  154. November 2021, Paper 1, Q21 (1 mark): A uniform plank weighs 1200 N and rests on two pillars P and Q. P and Q are 1.80 m apart. P is 0.20 m from one end of the plank. Q is 1.40 m from the other end
  155. November 2021, Paper 1, Q22 (1 mark): A uniform piece of card in the shape of the letter L is suspended freely from a horizontal pin. A plumb line is also suspended from the pin. The diagram shows t
  156. November 2021, Paper 1, Q23 (1 mark): A coin is projected horizontally from the top of a desk. The diagram shows the coin at one point in its path. The air resistance is negligible. The arrows E, F
  157. November 2021, Paper 1, Q24 (1 mark): A Formula 1 racing car uses up its fuel during the race, causing its lap times to decrease. The lap times decrease because [1 mark] A the acceleration of the ca
  158. November 2021, Paper 1, Q25 (1 mark): A golf ball has a mass of 46 g and is initially stationary. The diagram shows the variation with time of the force acting on the golf ball as it is hit with a g
  159. November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q03.1 (1 mark): Calculate the work done in bringing P to rest. [1 mark] work done = J
  160. November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q03.2 (2 marks): P travels a distance of 2.9 cm in a straight line inside the block before coming to rest. The resultant force on P varies as it penetrates the block. Calculate
  161. November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q03.4 (3 marks): In another test, a spherical particle Q is fired at a right angle to the surface of an identical block. Q has the same mass as P and is travelling at the same s
  162. November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q04.1 (4 marks): Determine, using a scale diagram, θ and the magnitude of U. [4 marks] θ = ° magnitude of U = N
  163. November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q04.2 (3 marks): The athlete now moves the pole to a horizontal position. The pole is held stationary in this position. The athlete’s right hand applies a force S vertically dow
  164. November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q05.1 (2 marks): Figure 10 shows a ship leaving a harbour at a constant velocity. The ship moves at the same velocity as a person walking on the harbour wall alongside the ship.
  165. November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q05.2 (4 marks): Figure 11 shows the direction of the thrust exerted by the ship’s propeller as the propeller rotates. The ship’s engine makes the propeller rotate. When more wa
  166. November 2021, AS Paper 1, Q05.3 (3 marks): Figure 12 shows the bottom of the hull with a drag reduction system in operation. Air bubbles are introduced into the water below the hull. This reduces the wor
  167. November 2021, AS Paper 2, Q04.1 (1 mark): Draw an arrow on Figure 11 to show the line of action of F. [1 mark]
  168. November 2021, AS Paper 2, Q04.2 (1 mark): Show that the magnitude of F is approximately 70 N. [1 mark]
  169. November 2021, AS Paper 2, Q04.3 (3 marks): The belt is driven by an electric motor. When the motor is switched on, the belt and the block accelerate uniformly from rest to a speed of 0.32 m s−1 in a time
  170. November 2021, AS Paper 2, Q04.4 (4 marks): The motor is connected to a 110 V dc supply that has negligible internal resistance. The maximum operating current in the motor is 5.0 A. The efficiency of the
  171. November 2021, AS Paper 2, Q10 (1 mark): An electron has speed v. The electron’s kinetic energy is doubled. What is the new speed of the electron? [1 mark] A 2 v B 2v C 2v D 4v
  172. November 2021, AS Paper 2, Q11 (1 mark): An object of mass m is accelerated from rest to a velocity v by a constant resultant force F. What is the work done on the object during this acceleration? [1 m
  173. November 2021, AS Paper 2, Q16 (1 mark): What is true for an inelastic collision between two isolated objects? [1 mark] A Both total momentum and total kinetic energy are conserved. B Neither total mom
  174. November 2021, AS Paper 2, Q22 (1 mark): P and R are uniform spheres of mass 3 kg and 4 kg respectively. P and R are joined by a rod of negligible mass. The distance between their centres is L. The cen
  175. November 2021, AS Paper 2, Q23 (1 mark): A vehicle travels on a straight road, starting at time t = 0 The graph shows how its velocity varies with time. What is the distance of the vehicle from its sta
  176. November 2021, AS Paper 2, Q24 (1 mark): A suitcase weighing 200 N is placed on a weighing scale in a lift. The scale reads 180 N when the lift is moving. The lift is [1 mark] A moving down at a consta
  177. November 2021, AS Paper 2, Q25 (1 mark): A stationary ball is free to move. The ball is hit with a bat. The graph shows how the force of the bat on the ball changes with time. The ball has a mass of 0.
  178. November 2021, AS Paper 2, Q27 (1 mark): What is true about the accelerations of the spheres at the instant they are released? [1 mark] A The acceleration of X is less than that of Y. B The acceleratio
  179. November 2021, AS Paper 2, Q28 (1 mark): What is true about the terminal speeds? [1 mark] A The terminal speed of X is greater than that of Y. B The terminal speed of X is the same as that of Y. C The
  180. November 2020, Paper 1, Q04.1 (3 marks): The speed limit for the motorway between the two cameras is 22 m s−1. Determine whether the average speed of the car exceeded this speed limit. [3 marks]
  181. November 2020, Paper 1, Q04.2 (2 marks): Markings called chevrons are used on motorways. The chevron separation is designed to give a driver time to respond to any change in speed of the car in front.
  182. November 2020, Paper 1, Q04.3 (4 marks): The chevron separation is based on the response time, not on the time taken for a car to stop. The brakes of a car are applied when its speed is 31 m s−1 and th
  183. November 2020, Paper 1, Q04.4 (1 mark): Suggest why the chevron separation on motorways does not take into account the distance travelled as a car comes to rest after the brakes are applied. [1 mark]
  184. November 2020, Paper 1, Q06 (1 mark): [multiple choice] Mechanical power [1 mark] A is a vector quantity. B is measured in J. C has base units of kg m2 s−3. D can be calculated from force × distance
  185. November 2020, Paper 1, Q08 (1 mark): A photon has energy of 1 × 1018 eV. An object of mass 0.03 kg has kinetic energy equal to the energy of the photon. What is the speed of the object? [1 mark] A
  186. November 2020, Paper 1, Q20 (1 mark): The diagram shows the forces acting on a uniform rod. Which statement is correct? [1 mark] A The rod is in equilibrium. B For equilibrium, an anticlockwise mome
  187. November 2020, Paper 1, Q21 (1 mark): Small water drops leave a tap with zero velocity at intervals of 0.20 s. They then fall freely 0.80 m to reach a horizontal surface. How far has a drop fallen w
  188. November 2020, Paper 1, Q22 (1 mark): A pellet with velocity 200 m s−1 and mass 5.0 g is fired vertically upwards into a stationary block of mass 95.0 g. The pellet remains in the block. The impact
  189. November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q02.1 (3 marks): Figure 1 shows the spacecraft of total mass 610 kg entering the atmosphere at a speed of 5.5 km s−1. Calculate the kinetic energy of the spacecraft as it enters
  190. November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q02.2 (4 marks): A parachute opens during the spacecraft’s descent through the atmosphere. Figure 2 shows the parachute–spacecraft system, with the open parachute displacing the
  191. November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q02.3 (3 marks): As the parachute–spacecraft system decelerates, it falls through a vertical distance of 49 m and loses 2.2 × 105 J of kinetic energy. During this time, 3.3 × 10
  192. November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q02.4 (3 marks): Dust from the surface of Mars can enter the atmosphere. This increases the density of the atmosphere significantly. Deduce how an increase in dust content will
  193. November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q03.1 (2 marks): Figure 3 shows a golf ball at rest on a horizontal surface 1.3 m from a hole. Figure 3 A golfer hits the ball so that it moves horizontally with an initial velo
  194. November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q03.2 (1 mark): Later, the golf ball lands in a sandpit. The golfer hits the ball, giving it an initial velocity u at 35° to the horizontal, as shown in Figure 4. The horizonta
  195. November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q03.3 (2 marks): The ball is travelling horizontally as it reaches X, as shown in Figure 5. Figure 5 Assume that weight is the only force acting on the ball when it is in the ai
  196. November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q03.4 (2 marks): Calculate the vertical distance of X above the initial position of the ball. [2 marks] vertical distance = m
  197. November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q03.5 (1 mark): Sketch on Figure 6 a possible trajectory for the ball. [1 mark]
  198. November 2020, AS Paper 1, Q03.6 (2 marks): Explain your reason for selecting this trajectory. [2 marks]
  199. November 2020, AS Paper 2, Q03.1 (2 marks): In Figure 6 the camera is stationary. The tension in A is 430 N and A makes an angle of 35° to the horizontal. B makes an angle of 12° to the horizontal. Calcul
  200. November 2020, AS Paper 2, Q03.3 (3 marks): The camera is moved horizontally to the right to a new stationary position. The tension in A is now different from that in Figure 6. Deduce whether the tension
  201. November 2020, AS Paper 2, Q17 (1 mark): Which row describes charge and impulse? [1 mark] Charge Impulse A scalar scalar B scalar vector C vector scalar D vector vector
  202. November 2020, AS Paper 2, Q18 (1 mark): An object is in equilibrium when acted on by three coplanar forces. Which free-body diagram is correct? Each diagram is drawn to scale. [1 mark] A B C D A B C D
  203. November 2020, AS Paper 2, Q19 (1 mark): Which quantity is represented by the area under a force–time graph? [1 mark] A average power B elastic strain energy stored C momentum change D work done
  204. November 2020, AS Paper 2, Q20 (1 mark): Each diagram shows two horizontal forces acting on a solid square object seen from above. All the forces have the same magnitude. A B C D Which system produces
  205. November 2020, AS Paper 2, Q21 (1 mark): A uniform metre ruler of weight 2.0 N is freely pivoted at the 70 cm mark. A student holds the ruler in a horizontal position and suspends a 5.0 N weight from t
  206. November 2020, AS Paper 2, Q22 (1 mark): The diagram shows how the speed v of an object varies with time t. Which graph shows the variation of distance s with t for the object? [1 mark] A B C D A B C D
  207. November 2020, AS Paper 2, Q23 (1 mark): Two ball bearings X and Y are projected from horizontal ground at the same time. X has mass 2m and is projected vertically upwards with speed u. Y has mass m an
  208. November 2020, AS Paper 2, Q24 (1 mark): Which row is true for an elastic collision between two objects in an isolated system? [1 mark] Kinetic energy Momentum A conserved conserved B not conserved con
  209. November 2020, AS Paper 2, Q25 (1 mark): The drag force on a boat is kv2, where v is the speed and k = 64 kg m−1. The boat’s engine has a useful power output of 8000 W. What is the maximum speed of the
  210. June 2019, Paper 1, Q04.1 (2 marks): The catapult is designed so that the weight of the beam and the weight of the empty wooden box have no effect on the tension in the rope. Suggest how the pivot
  211. June 2019, Paper 1, Q04.2 (5 marks): The stones in the counterweight have a total mass of 610 kg and the projectile weighs 250 N. Calculate the tension in the rope. [5 marks] tension = N
  212. June 2019, Paper 1, Q04.3 (2 marks): When the rope is cut, the counterweight rotates clockwise. When the beam is vertical it is prevented from rotating further. The projectile is then released hori
  213. June 2019, Paper 1, Q04.4 (3 marks): In another release, the sling is adjusted so that a projectile of the same mass is released just before the wooden beam is vertical. The projectile is not relea
  214. June 2019, Paper 1, Q05.1 (2 marks): Show that the initial kinetic energy of the test vehicle is 700 kJ. [2 marks]
  215. June 2019, Paper 1, Q05.2 (3 marks): The test vehicle hits a steel safety barrier at an angle of 20°, as shown in Figure 7. Figure 7 Calculate the component of the momentum of the test vehicle in a
  216. June 2019, Paper 1, Q05.3 (3 marks): Immediately after the collision, the test vehicle moves along the safety barrier with no change in its momentum in this direction. Show that the kinetic energy
  217. June 2019, Paper 1, Q05.4 (3 marks): The steel safety barrier deforms during the collision. For the barrier to pass the test, the test vehicle should not move more than 1.5 m towards the other carr
  218. June 2019, Paper 1, Q05.5 (2 marks): A different safety barrier uses a solid concrete wall which does not deform. The same standard test is carried out on a concrete wall. Discuss which type of bar
  219. June 2019, Paper 1, Q12 (1 mark): Which statement about a couple is not true? [1 mark] A It must consist of coplanar forces. B It can produce rotational motion. C It can produce translational mo
  220. June 2019, Paper 1, Q13 (1 mark): Two cars P and Q leave from the same point and travel in the same direction. Q leaves at time t = 0 and P leaves one second later. The figure shows the velocity
  221. June 2019, Paper 1, Q14 (1 mark): A 0.20 kg mass is suspended from a spring. A 0.10 kg mass is suspended from the 0.20 kg mass using a thread of negligible mass. The system is in equilibrium and
  222. June 2019, Paper 1, Q15 (1 mark): A lift of mass M is suspended from a cable. The lift descends with a downward acceleration, a. A frictional force F acts on the lift. What is the tension T in t
  223. June 2019, Paper 1, Q16 (1 mark): A body of constant mass falls freely due to gravity. The rate of change of momentum of the body is equal to its [1 mark] A kinetic energy. B mass. C gravitation
  224. June 2019, Paper 1, Q17 (1 mark): An electric vehicle is driven by a motor which produces a constant driving force. The vehicle travels from rest along a straight horizontal road. Friction and a
  225. June 2019, Paper 1, Q18 (1 mark): Which is a correct statement about mechanical power? [1 mark] A It is a vector quantity. B It is measured in J. C In fundamental units, its unit is kg m2 s–3 D
  226. June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q03.2 (2 marks): Calculate the initial acceleration of the loaded cage when the clamp is released. [2 marks] acceleration = m s–2
  227. June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q03.4 (3 marks): The designers of the ride claim that the loaded cage will reach a height of 50 m above Q. Deduce whether this claim is justified. [3 marks]
  228. June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q03.5 (3 marks): The designers also claim that the loaded cage reaches a maximum speed of at least 90 km h−1. Calculate, in J, the kinetic energy of the loaded cage when it trav
  229. June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q03.6 (1 mark): Deduce without further calculation whether the maximum speed claim is justified. [1 mark]
  230. June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q05.1 (1 mark): The ruler is uniform and weighs 1.12 N. Determine the reading on A. [1 mark] reading = N
  231. June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q05.2 (2 marks): The student suggests that the forces exerted on the ruler by A and B act as a couple. Discuss whether his suggestion is correct. [2 marks]
  232. June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q05.3 (4 marks): The student hangs a mass of weight W on the ruler between A and B, as shown in Figure 9. He adjusts the supports so that A and B are again vertical and the rule
  233. June 2019, AS Paper 1, Q05.4 (2 marks): A second student sets up the same apparatus as shown in Figure 9. She suspends the mass in the same position on the ruler as in question 05.3. She moves the sup
  234. June 2019, AS Paper 2, Q03.5 (2 marks): Figure 6 shows a stream of photons of light, emitted from the Sun, incident on a solar sail. A solar sail is an experimental spacecraft that uses photons of lig
  235. June 2019, AS Paper 2, Q03.6 (2 marks): The reflectance of a surface is proportional to the percentage of incident photons that are reflected off the surface. Explain the effect of increasing the refl
  236. June 2019, AS Paper 2, Q04.2 (3 marks): The boat and trailer are initially at rest. In the first 200 ms the boat and trailer are raised through a vertical height of 3.3 × 10–2 m and the speed increase
  237. June 2019, AS Paper 2, Q13 (1 mark): What is the approximate average kinetic energy of a cyclist in a race? [1 mark] A 10 J B 10 kJ C 10 MJ D 10 TJ
  238. June 2019, AS Paper 2, Q22 (1 mark): A uniform picture is suspended from a string which passes over a smooth nail. The tension in the string is T and the weight of the picture is 20 N. What is T? [
  239. June 2019, AS Paper 2, Q23 (1 mark): Which row contains vector quantities only? [1 mark] A acceleration mass B displacement momentum C energy force D distance speed
  240. June 2019, AS Paper 2, Q24 (1 mark): A uniform rod is balanced horizontally about a support F. Forces of 400 N and 100 N act at the ends of the rod, as shown. What is the reaction force acting on t
  241. June 2019, AS Paper 2, Q25 (1 mark): Three objects U, V and W leave the edge of a bench at the same time. The objects fall in the same vertical plane with negligible air resistance. U is released f
  242. June 2019, AS Paper 2, Q26 (1 mark): A railway truck of mass 2000 kg travelling horizontally at 1.5 m s–1 collides with a stationary truck of mass 3000 kg. After the collision they move together. W
  243. June 2019, AS Paper 2, Q27 (1 mark): A car of mass 1000 kg accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of 25.0 m s–1 in 50.0 s. The car is travelling along a horizontal road. What is the average use
  244. June 2018, Paper 1, Q01.1 (3 marks): Determine the force decelerating the vehicle 2.0 s after entering the escape lane. [3 marks] force decelerating the vehicle = N
  245. June 2018, Paper 1, Q01.2 (3 marks): Deduce whether a lane of length 85 m is long enough to stop the vehicle, assuming that the engineer’s graph is correct. [3 marks]
  246. June 2018, Paper 1, Q01.3 (2 marks): Discuss the energy transfers that take place when a vehicle is decelerated in an escape lane. [2 marks]
  247. June 2018, Paper 1, Q01.4 (3 marks): An alternative to an escape lane containing gravel is an escape lane that consists of a ramp. An escape ramp is a straight road with a concrete surface that has
  248. June 2018, Paper 1, Q01.5 (1 mark): Discuss whether an escape lane containing gravel or an escape ramp would provide the safer experience for the driver of the vehicle as it comes to rest. [1 mark
  249. June 2018, Paper 1, Q06.1 (1 mark): State the quantity that is not conserved in an inelastic collision. [1 mark]
  250. June 2018, Paper 1, Q06.2 (3 marks): Show that the speed of the joined trucks immediately after the collision is about 0.3 m s–1 [3 marks]
  251. June 2018, Paper 1, Q06.3 (2 marks): Calculate the impulse that acts on each truck during the collision. Give an appropriate unit for your answer. [2 marks] impulse = unit
  252. June 2018, Paper 1, Q06.4 (2 marks): Explain, without doing a calculation, how the motion of the trucks immediately after the collision would be different for a collision that is perfectly elastic.
  253. June 2018, Paper 1, Q07 (1 mark): [multiple choice] What is a correct unit for the area under a force−time graph? [1 mark] A N m B kg m s−1 C kg m s−2 D N s−1
  254. June 2018, Paper 1, Q20 (1 mark): Three coplanar forces F1, F2 and F3 act on a point object. Which combination of forces can never produce a resultant force of zero? [1 mark] F1 / N F2 / N F3 /
  255. June 2018, Paper 1, Q21 (1 mark): A non-uniform sign is 0.80 m long and has a weight of 18 N It is suspended from two vertical springs P and Q. The springs obey Hooke’s law and the spring consta
  256. June 2018, Paper 1, Q22 (1 mark): Immediately after take-off from the surface of the Earth, a rocket of mass 12 000 kg accelerates vertically upwards at 1.4 m s−2 What is the thrust produced by
  257. June 2018, Paper 1, Q23 (1 mark): A projectile is launched with a speed of 25 m s−1 at an angle of 35° to the horizontal, as shown in the diagram. Air resistance is negligible. What is the time
  258. June 2018, Paper 3A, Q01.1 (3 marks): Deduce the mass of the ruler. State one assumption you make. [3 marks] mass of ruler = g assumption
  259. June 2018, Paper 3A, Q01.4 (3 marks): The experiment is repeated with the ruler pivoted at the 99.0 cm mark. Nothing else is changed from Figure 3. This arrangement is shown in Figure 5. Figure 5 Ti
  260. June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q02.1 (2 marks): Figure 1 shows a truck moving freely down a ramp inclined at an angle to the horizontal. Figure 1 The truck starts from rest at the top of the ramp and reaches
  261. June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q02.2 (3 marks): Figure 2 shows the truck moving down a ramp with a varying slope. Figure 2 The truck starts from rest and moves freely down the ramp. It reaches point C and the
  262. June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q02.3 (1 mark): The total vertical displacement of the centre of mass of the truck in Figure 2 is also 8.0 m The speed of the truck when it reaches the horizontal runway is the
  263. June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q02.4 (3 marks): The horizontal runway in Figure 2 has negligible friction and air resistance. As the truck moves along the runway, it starts to rain. The rain falls vertically
  264. June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q04.1 (2 marks): State two necessary conditions for the beam to be in equilibrium. [2 marks] Condition 1 Condition 2
  265. June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q04.2 (1 mark): State what is meant by the centre of mass. [1 mark]
  266. June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q04.3 (2 marks): Explain why the centre of mass of the beam in Figure 4 must be vertically below A. [2 marks]
  267. June 2018, AS Paper 1, Q04.4 (4 marks): The weight of the beam is 12 000 N Calculate the tension T1 in cable AB and the tension T2 in cable AC. [4 marks] T1 = N T2 = N
  268. June 2018, AS Paper 2, Q01.1 (3 marks): Table 1 gives measurements made with the light gates as shown in Figure 1. Table 1 Time to pass through first light gate / s Time to pass through second light g
  269. June 2018, AS Paper 2, Q01.2 (2 marks): Two further sets of readings, A and B, are taken each with the light gates in different positions along the air track. Assume the acceleration is the same in ea
  270. June 2018, AS Paper 2, Q01.3 (2 marks): Additional values for the acceleration of the air-track glider are obtained by further raising the end of the air track by using a stack consisting of identical
  271. June 2018, AS Paper 2, Q01.4 (1 mark): It can be shown that, for the apparatus used by the student, g is equal to where h is the thickness of each block used in the experiment. The student obtains a
  272. June 2018, AS Paper 2, Q01.5 (1 mark): Explain how you could find out, without drawing another graph, whether the data presented in the graph in Figure 2 support the suggestion that a is directly pro
  273. June 2018, AS Paper 2, Q02.4 (5 marks): The student measures the mass mB of magnet B and then positions the magnet so it is in equilibrium above magnet A as shown in Figure 7. The student measures the
  274. June 2018, AS Paper 2, Q03.2 (2 marks): The alpha particles travel through air in straight lines with a range of 3.5 cm Calculate the average force exerted on an alpha particle as it is stopped by the
  275. June 2018, AS Paper 2, Q20 (1 mark): A bird sits on a uniform rod suspended from vertical wires P and Q. The rod has a weight W and is 15.0 cm long. The weight of the bird is 2W and acts at a dista
  276. June 2018, AS Paper 2, Q21 (1 mark): A car’s engine produces a useful output power of 6.5 × 104 W The car of mass 950 kg is moving up a hill at a steady speed. The slope of the hill is 12° to the h
  277. June 2018, AS Paper 2, Q22 (1 mark): A girl is bouncing on a trampoline. Assuming that air resistance is negligible, her acceleration [1 mark] A is zero when she is at maximum height. B is constant
  278. June 2018, AS Paper 2, Q24 (1 mark): Two spheres, P and Q, have the same volume but P has a greater mass. The spheres fall in air at their terminal velocities vP and vQ respectively. Which row stat
  279. June 2018, AS Paper 2, Q25 (1 mark): An aircraft is flying due north through still air with a speed v The aircraft enters a region where the wind is blowing with a speed u from a direction which ma
  280. June 2018, AS Paper 2, Q26 (1 mark): The graph shows how the resultant force F on a football, which is initially at rest, varies with time t. Which graph shows how the momentum p of the football va
  281. June 2018, AS Paper 2, Q27 (1 mark): Objects P and Q are initially at rest at time t = 0 The same resultant force F is applied to P and Q for time T. The mass of P is 10 times greater than the mass
  282. June 2017, Paper 1, Q05.1 (1 mark): Explain how Figure 7 shows that the friction between the ladder and the wall is negligible. [1 mark]
  283. June 2017, Paper 1, Q05.2 (2 marks): The forces acting on the ladder are in equilibrium. Draw an arrow on Figure 7 to show the direction of the resultant force from the ground acting on the ladder.
  284. June 2017, Paper 1, Q05.3 (2 marks): The ladder is 8.0 m long and weighs 390 N. Calculate the magnitude of the resultant force from the wall on the ladder. [2 marks] resultant force = N
  285. June 2017, Paper 1, Q05.4 (3 marks): Suggest the changes to the forces acting on the ladder that occur when someone climbs the ladder. [3 marks]
  286. June 2017, Paper 1, Q06.1 (1 mark): The tension in the wire when the trolleys are moving is T. Draw and label arrows on Figure 9 to represent the magnitudes and directions of any forces and compon
  287. June 2017, Paper 1, Q06.2 (2 marks): Assume that no friction acts at the axle of the pulley or at the axles of the trolleys and that air resistance is negligible. Show that the acceleration a of tr
  288. June 2017, Paper 1, Q06.3 (2 marks): Compare the momentum of loaded trolley A as it moves downwards with the momentum of loaded trolley B. [2 marks]
  289. June 2017, Paper 1, Q06.4 (3 marks): In practice, for safety reasons there is a friction brake in the pulley that provides a resistive force to reduce the acceleration to 25% of the maximum possibl
  290. June 2017, Paper 1, Q06.5 (2 marks): It takes 12 s to remove the blocks from the lower trolley and reload the upper trolley. Calculate the number of blocks that can be transferred to the lower leve
  291. June 2017, Paper 1, Q18 (1 mark): A light uniform rigid bar is pivoted at its centre. Forces act on the bar at its ends and at the centre. Which diagram shows the bar in equilibrium? [1 mark] A
  292. June 2017, Paper 1, Q19 (1 mark): Which row gives two features of graphs that provide the same information? [1 mark] Feature 1 Feature 2 A Gradient of a displacement–time graph Area under a velo
  293. June 2017, Paper 1, Q20 (1 mark): A rocket of mass 12 000 kg accelerates vertically upwards from the surface of the Earth at 1.4 m s−2. What is the thrust of the rocket? [1 mark] A 1.7 × 104 N B
  294. June 2017, Paper 1, Q21 (1 mark): Figure 12 shows the path of a projectile launched from ground level with a speed of 25 m s−1 at an angle of 42° to the horizontal. Figure 12 What is the horizon
  295. June 2017, Paper 1, Q22 (1 mark): A car of mass 580 kg collides with the rear of a stationary van of mass 1200 kg. Following the collision, the van moves with a velocity of 6.20 m s−1 and the ca
  296. June 2017, Paper 1, Q23 (1 mark): Which graph best represents the velocity–time graph for a ball that is dropped from rest and bounces repeatedly? [1 mark] A B C D
  297. June 2017, Paper 3A, Q03.1 (1 mark): The value of p corresponding to n = 0 is the glider’s initial position at the top of the track. Deduce this value of p using Figure 13 and Figure 15. Write this
  298. June 2017, Paper 3A, Q03.2 (1 mark): and question 03.3. Table 2 n p/cm x/cm ln(x/cm) 0 2 157.0 4 125.4 6 101.3 9 75.4 13 53.8 0 3 . 2 As it travels from the lower end of the track to each position
  299. June 2017, Paper 3A, Q03.3 (3 marks): Plot on Figure 16 a graph of ln(x/cm) against n. Record your values of ln(x/cm) in Table 2. [3 marks]
  300. June 2017, Paper 3A, Q03.4 (1 mark): Explain why the graph you plotted confirms that x decreases exponentially with n. [1 mark] Figure 16
  301. June 2017, Paper 3A, Q03.5 (3 marks): Determine, using your graph in Figure 16, the value of x when n is 20. [3 marks] x when n is 20 = cm
  302. June 2017, AS Paper 1, Q03.1 (3 marks): Show that the average power output of the battery during the journey is about 100 W. [3 marks]
  303. June 2017, AS Paper 1, Q03.2 (2 marks): During the journey, forces due to friction and air resistance act on the wheelchair and its user. Assume that all the energy available in the battery is used to
  304. June 2017, AS Paper 1, Q03.3 (1 mark): Calculate the force that gravity exerts on the wheelchair and its user parallel to the slope. [1 mark] force parallel to the slope = N
  305. June 2017, AS Paper 1, Q03.4 (2 marks): Calculate the maximum speed of the wheelchair and its user when travelling up this hill when the power output of the battery is 100 W. Assume that the resistive
  306. June 2017, AS Paper 1, Q03.5 (4 marks): Explain how and why the maximum range of the wheelchair on level ground is affected by • the mass of the user • the speed at which the wheelchair travels. [4 ma
  307. June 2017, AS Paper 1, Q05.2 (1 mark): The cables that support each mast are at an angle of 65° to the horizontal. Calculate the tension in each supporting cable so that there is no resultant horizon
  308. June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q03.3 (3 marks): A maximum is detected each time the mirror travels a distance equal to half a wavelength of the light. In one measurement 2.37 × 105 maxima are recorded as the
  309. June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q03.4 (2 marks): Figure 10 is a graph that the gravimeter could produce to show how the distance travelled by the mirror varies with time as it falls. Figure 10 Determine the gr
  310. June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q03.5 (1 mark): State what this gradient represents. [1 mark]
  311. June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q04.2 (1 mark): The storage tank contained 79 kg of xenon. When the ion propulsion unit was switched on it had an average power output of 2.1 kW. Each xenon ion gained 1300 eV
  312. June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q04.3 (3 marks): Determine the length of time the ion propulsion unit operated before all of the 79 kg of xenon was used up. mass of xenon atom = 2.18 × 10–25 kg [3 marks] time
  313. June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q04.4 (3 marks): Ion propulsion units could use helium ions instead of xenon ions. An ion of helium-4 (He+) has a much higher specific charge than an ion of xenon-131 (Xe+). Bot
  314. June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q05 (1 mark): [multiple choice] A mass of 2.5 kg is released from rest at X and slides down a ramp, of height 3.0 m, to point Y as shown. When the mass reaches Y at the botto
  315. June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q09 (1 mark): A bullet of mass 10 g is fired with a velocity of 100 m s–1 from a stationary rifle of mass 4.0 kg. Consider the rifle and bullet to be an isolated system. What
  316. June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q15 (1 mark): Which row correctly states whether momentum, mass and velocity are scalar or vector quantities? [1 mark] Momentum Mass Velocity A scalar scalar vector B vector
  317. June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q16 (1 mark): The diagram shows a uniform metre ruler of weight 1.5 N pivoted 15 cm from one end for use as a simple balance. A scale pan of weight 0.5 N is placed at the end
  318. June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q19 (1 mark): The graph shows how the force F applied to an object varies with time t. What is the momentum gained by the object from t = 0 to t = 10 s? [1 mark] A 18 kg m s–
  319. June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q28 (1 mark): Two identical balls, X and Y, are at the same height and a horizontal distance of 25 cm apart. X is projected horizontally with a velocity of 0.10 m s–1 towards
  320. June 2017, AS Paper 2, Q29 (1 mark): Two bodies of different masses undergo an elastic collision in the absence of any external force. Which row gives the effect on the total kinetic energy of the
  321. June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q01.1 (1 mark): State what happens to the momentum of the air as it passes through the engine. [1 mark]
  322. June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q01.2 (3 marks): Explain, using appropriate laws of motion, why the air exerts a force on the engine in the forward direction. [3 marks]
  323. June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q01.3 (1 mark): In one second a mass of 210 kg of air enters at A. The speed of this mass of air increases by 570 m s–1 as it passes through the engine. Calculate the force tha
  324. June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q01.4 (2 marks): When an aircraft lands, its jet engines exert a decelerating force on the aircraft by making use of deflector plates. These cause the air leaving the engines to
  325. June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q01.5 (1 mark): The total horizontal decelerating force exerted on the deflector plates of the jet engines is 190 kN. Calculate the deceleration of the aircraft when it has a m
  326. June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q01.6 (2 marks): The aircraft lands on the runway travelling at a speed of 68 m s–1 with the deflector plates acting. Calculate the distance the aircraft travels along the runwa
  327. June 2016, AS Paper 1, Q01.7 (2 marks): Suggest why in practice the decelerating force provided by the deflector plates may not remain constant. [2 marks]
  328. June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q03.2 (3 marks): The distance from the surface of the ball to the pivot is 12.0 cm, as shown in Figure 8. Calculate the moment of the weight of the ball about the pivot when the
  329. June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q03.3 (3 marks): The spring is attached at a distance of 8.0 cm from the pivot and the spring has a stiffness of 100 N m–1. Calculate the extension of the spring when the rod is
  330. June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q03.4 (2 marks): Before an earthquake occurs, the line being drawn on the graph paper is horizontal. Explain what happens to the line on the graph paper when an earthquake is de
  331. June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q04.5 (2 marks): The alternative to using an RTG is to use a solar panel. A typical solar panel installation on a house roof in the UK provides about 1000 kW h of electricity ea
  332. June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q18 (1 mark): Which is a scalar quantity? [1 mark] A momentum B weight C power D moment
  333. June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q19 (1 mark): The velocity–time graph for a falling object is shown. Which of the following shows the corresponding acceleration–time graph? [1 mark] A B C D
  334. June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q20 (1 mark): A girl jogs at 2.0 m s–1 in a straight line for 30 seconds, turns around and returns to her starting point 20 seconds later. What is her average velocity and av
  335. June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q21 (1 mark): A golf ball was hit from the surface of the Moon. The time of flight was 4.0 s. What is the best estimate for the maximum height reached by the ball? [1 mark] a
  336. June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q22 (1 mark): A deep-space probe travelling forward at constant speed is briefly acted on by a force at right angles to its motion. What is the effect of this force on the fo
  337. June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q23 (1 mark): The mass of fuel in a racing car decreases during a race. As a result the lap time decreases. Which of the following could explain this decrease? [1 mark] A The
  338. June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q24 (1 mark): What is represented by the area under a force–displacement graph? [1 mark] A rate of change of kinetic energy B change in momentum C work done D acceleration
  339. June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q25 (1 mark): Which of the following is not a unit of power? [1 mark] A N m s–1 B J s C W D kg m2 s–3
  340. June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q26 (1 mark): A roller coaster car is raised to a height of 65 m and released from rest. What is the maximum possible speed of the car? [1 mark] A 11 m s–1 B 25 m s–1 C 36 m
  341. June 2016, AS Paper 2, Q27 (1 mark): In a test a 500 kg car travelling at 10 m s–1 hits a wall. The front 0.30 m of the car crumples as the car is brought to rest. What is the average force on the
  342. Specimen, Paper 1, Q02.6 (3 marks): A student adds a series of masses to a vertical metal wire of circular cross-section and measures the extension of the wire produced. Figure 1 is a force–extens
  343. Specimen, Paper 1, Q04.1 (4 marks): The speed of an air rifle pellet is measured by firing it into a wooden block suspended from a rigid support. The wooden block can swing freely at the end of a
  344. Specimen, Paper 1, Q04.2 (4 marks): The speed of an air rifle pellet is measured by firing it into a wooden block suspended from a rigid support. The wooden block can swing freely at the end of a
  345. Specimen, Paper 1, Q04.3 (2 marks): The speed of an air rifle pellet is measured by firing it into a wooden block suspended from a rigid support. The wooden block can swing freely at the end of a
  346. Specimen, Paper 1, Q19 (1 mark): Two forces of 6 N and 10 N act at a point. Which of the following could not be the magnitude of the result? [1 mark] A 16 N B 8 N C 5 N D 3 N 1 9
  347. Specimen, Paper 1, Q20 (1 mark): A car wheel nut can be loosened by applying a force of 200 N on the end of a bar of length 0.8 m as in X. A car mechanic is capable of applying forces of 500 N
  348. Specimen, Paper 1, Q21 (1 mark): A ballbearing X of mass 2m is projected vertically upwards with speed u. A ballbearing Y of mass m is projected at 30º to the horizontal with speed 2u at the sa
  349. Specimen, Paper 1, Q22 (1 mark): What is the relationship between the distance y travelled by an object falling freely from rest and the time x the object has been falling? [1 mark] A y is prop
  350. Specimen, Paper 1, Q23 (1 mark): A car exerts a driving force of 500 N when travelling at a constant speed of 72 km h −1 on a level track. What is the work done in 5 minutes? [1 mark] A 3.0 × 1
  351. Specimen, Paper 1, Q24 (1 mark): Two masses hang at rest from a spring, as shown in the diagram. The string separating the masses is burned through. Which of the following gives the acceleratio
  352. Specimen, Paper 1, Q25 (1 mark): An object falls freely from rest. After falling a distance d its velocity is v. What is its velocity after it has fallen a distance 2d? [1 mark] A 2 v B 4 v C 2
  353. Specimen, Paper 1, Q26 (1 mark): An electric motor of input power 100 W raises a mass of 10 kg vertically at a steady speed of 0.5 m s −1. What is the efficiency of the system? [1 mark] A 5% B
  354. Specimen, Paper 1, Q27 (1 mark): The velocity of a vehicle varies with time as shown by the following graph. Which graph below represents how the resultant force F on the car varies during the
  355. Specimen, Paper 3A, Q01.2: This question is about measuring the acceleration of free fall g. A student undertakes an experiment to measure the acceleration of free fall. Figure 1 shows a
  356. Specimen, Paper 3A, Q01.6 (3 marks): This question is about measuring the acceleration of free fall g. A student undertakes an experiment to measure the acceleration of free fall. Figure 1 shows a
  357. Specimen, Paper 3A, Q01.8 (3 marks): This question is about measuring the acceleration of free fall g. A student undertakes an experiment to measure the acceleration of free fall. Figure 1 shows a

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